Advanced Nurse Practice in Obstetric Health Care Practice Quiz
What is the most common physiologic change observed during the first trimester of pregnancy?
A) Increased blood volume
B) Increased glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
C) Decreased progesterone levels
D) Decreased renal perfusion
Answer: B) Increased glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
Which of the following is a key sign of preeclampsia?
A) Severe headache and visual disturbances
B) Increased fetal movement
C) Decreased urine output
D) Abdominal cramping
Answer: A) Severe headache and visual disturbances
What is the primary purpose of antenatal corticosteroid therapy in preterm labor?
A) To delay labor until 34 weeks
B) To promote fetal lung maturity
C) To reduce maternal blood pressure
D) To prevent gestational diabetes
Answer: B) To promote fetal lung maturity
Which of the following is the best management approach for a woman with hyperemesis gravidarum?
A) Immediate initiation of IV antibiotics
B) Administration of antihistamines and IV fluids
C) Bed rest and restriction of fluid intake
D) Oral glucose supplements
Answer: B) Administration of antihistamines and IV fluids
What is the preferred first-line treatment for uncomplicated gestational diabetes?
A) Insulin therapy
B) Oral hypoglycemic agents
C) Lifestyle changes, including diet and exercise
D) Immediate delivery of the baby
Answer: C) Lifestyle changes, including diet and exercise
What is the most common cause of postpartum hemorrhage?
A) Uterine atony
B) Placenta previa
C) Infection
D) Cervical laceration
Answer: A) Uterine atony
What is the hallmark symptom of eclampsia?
A) Severe nausea and vomiting
B) Seizures
C) Severe abdominal pain
D) Increased fetal movement
Answer: B) Seizures
During pregnancy, the hormone responsible for the relaxation of smooth muscles, including the uterus, is:
A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Oxytocin
D) Human placental lactogen
Answer: B) Progesterone
A pregnant woman in her third trimester presents with a headache, blurred vision, and swelling of the face. What is the most appropriate next step?
A) Schedule an elective cesarean section
B) Administer an antihypertensive
C) Perform a urine test for proteinuria
D) Monitor fetal heart rate
Answer: C) Perform a urine test for proteinuria
The appropriate timing for the administration of the Rh immunoglobulin (RhIg) to an Rh-negative pregnant woman is:
A) During the first trimester
B) At 20 weeks gestation
C) At 28 weeks gestation
D) Immediately after delivery
Answer: C) At 28 weeks gestation
Which of the following is a typical physiologic change in the cardiovascular system during pregnancy?
A) Decreased heart rate
B) Decreased cardiac output
C) Increased blood volume
D) Decreased stroke volume
Answer: C) Increased blood volume
A patient in labor is experiencing persistent late decelerations on the fetal heart rate monitor. The nurse should:
A) Prepare for immediate cesarean delivery
B) Perform vaginal examination to check for cervical dilation
C) Administer IV fluids and reposition the patient
D) Increase the administration of oxytocin
Answer: C) Administer IV fluids and reposition the patient
What is the primary goal of prenatal care during the first trimester?
A) Screen for fetal abnormalities
B) Prevent gestational diabetes
C) Monitor for signs of early pregnancy complications
D) Educate on infant care
Answer: C) Monitor for signs of early pregnancy complications
Which of the following is a characteristic of a healthy postpartum recovery?
A) Increased lochia rubra for the first 4 weeks
B) Soft and non-tender breasts
C) Increased energy and no emotional changes
D) Absence of uterine involution
Answer: B) Soft and non-tender breasts
Which of the following is a potential complication of a pregnancy complicated by polyhydramnios?
A) Preterm labor
B) Shoulder dystocia
C) Preeclampsia
D) Fetal growth restriction
Answer: A) Preterm labor
Which laboratory test is most commonly used to screen for gestational diabetes?
A) 1-hour glucose tolerance test
B) 24-hour urine collection for protein
C) Complete blood count (CBC)
D) Pap smear
Answer: A) 1-hour glucose tolerance test
Which complication is most commonly associated with placenta previa?
A) Preterm labor
B) Severe maternal hypertension
C) Placental abruption
D) Painless vaginal bleeding
Answer: D) Painless vaginal bleeding
A woman is at 36 weeks gestation and presents with sudden onset of severe abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, and decreased fetal movement. The nurse should suspect:
A) Placenta previa
B) Placental abruption
C) Ectopic pregnancy
D) Acute cholecystitis
Answer: B) Placental abruption
The most appropriate pharmacological management for a woman diagnosed with preeclampsia is:
A) Magnesium sulfate
B) Beta-blockers
C) Diuretics
D) Oral contraceptives
Answer: A) Magnesium sulfate
The primary role of the nurse in the management of postpartum depression is:
A) Provide medication for depression
B) Assist with infant care exclusively
C) Offer emotional support and referral for counseling
D) Encourage family members to ignore the symptoms
Answer: C) Offer emotional support and referral for counseling
The classic sign of a spontaneous abortion in the first trimester includes:
A) Severe abdominal cramps and heavy bleeding
B) High fever and chills
C) Severe pelvic pain with a fixed uterus
D) Sudden cessation of fetal movement
Answer: A) Severe abdominal cramps and heavy bleeding
Which of the following is a contraindication to breastfeeding in a postpartum woman?
A) Diabetes mellitus
B) Hepatitis B infection
C) Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
D) Mild mastitis
Answer: C) Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
A woman with a history of gestational hypertension is at increased risk for:
A) Preterm labor
B) Chronic hypertension post-delivery
C) Intrauterine growth restriction
D) Placental insufficiency
Answer: B) Chronic hypertension post-delivery
Which of the following is a typical finding in a woman diagnosed with a ruptured ectopic pregnancy?
A) Low-grade fever
B) Severe unilateral pelvic pain
C) Absence of vaginal bleeding
D) Increased fetal heart rate
Answer: B) Severe unilateral pelvic pain
What is the best action for the nurse to take when a patient exhibits symptoms of fetal distress during labor?
A) Administer narcotic analgesics to relieve pain
B) Encourage frequent position changes
C) Initiate immediate vaginal delivery
D) Assess the mother’s vital signs and oxygenation
Answer: D) Assess the mother’s vital signs and oxygenation
Which of the following is the primary risk associated with a macrosomic infant?
A) Neonatal jaundice
B) Shoulder dystocia
C) Hyperbilirubinemia
D) Fetal hypoglycemia
Answer: B) Shoulder dystocia
In cases of postpartum hemorrhage, the first-line pharmacologic intervention is typically:
A) Oxytocin (Pitocin)
B) Misoprostol
C) Methylergonovine
D) Heparin
Answer: A) Oxytocin (Pitocin)
What is the most important monitoring parameter for a woman receiving magnesium sulfate during labor for preeclampsia?
A) Blood glucose levels
B) Respiratory rate and deep tendon reflexes
C) Blood pressure
D) Fetal heart rate
Answer: B) Respiratory rate and deep tendon reflexes
A woman at 24 weeks gestation reports persistent back pain, vaginal pressure, and mild cramping. What is the nurse’s first action?
A) Administer pain relief
B) Assess for signs of preterm labor
C) Perform an ultrasound
D) Encourage bed rest and hydration
Answer: B) Assess for signs of preterm labor
Which of the following is a critical component of postpartum care to prevent infection?
A) Monitoring blood glucose levels
B) Ensuring proper perineal hygiene and handwashing
C) Encouraging early ambulation
D) Providing continuous pain relief
Answer: B) Ensuring proper perineal hygiene and handwashing
A woman at 12 weeks gestation reports vaginal bleeding and pelvic cramping. The nurse suspects a possible:
A) Ectopic pregnancy
B) Spontaneous abortion
C) Placenta previa
D) Placental abruption
Answer: B) Spontaneous abortion
Which of the following is an indication for the use of magnesium sulfate during labor?
A) Induction of labor
B) Prevention of seizures in preeclampsia
C) Cervical ripening
D) Prevention of uterine rupture
Answer: B) Prevention of seizures in preeclampsia
The nurse is assessing a postpartum woman who is experiencing a drop in blood pressure and an increase in heart rate. This may indicate:
A) A normal postpartum adaptation
B) Postpartum hemorrhage
C) A urinary tract infection
D) Wound infection
Answer: B) Postpartum hemorrhage
The most significant risk factor for developing gestational hypertension is:
A) Age younger than 25
B) Previous preeclampsia
C) Smoking during pregnancy
D) Multiple gestation
Answer: B) Previous preeclampsia
A woman at 28 weeks gestation complains of sudden severe chest pain, dyspnea, and a feeling of impending doom. The nurse suspects:
A) Pulmonary embolism
B) Ectopic pregnancy
C) Pneumonia
D) Acute myocardial infarction
Answer: A) Pulmonary embolism
Which of the following is the most common cause of oligohydramnios?
A) Gestational diabetes
B) Rupture of membranes
C) Multiple gestation
D) Placenta previa
Answer: B) Rupture of membranes
Which of the following is a primary function of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) during early pregnancy?
A) To prevent uterine contractions
B) To stimulate the production of progesterone
C) To stimulate fetal lung development
D) To increase maternal blood volume
Answer: B) To stimulate the production of progesterone
Which of the following findings is most suggestive of a retained placenta following delivery?
A) A soft, relaxed uterus
B) Rapid expulsion of the placenta
C) Continuous heavy vaginal bleeding despite uterine massage
D) A firm, contracted uterus
Answer: C) Continuous heavy vaginal bleeding despite uterine massage
A woman with an uncomplicated pregnancy at 34 weeks gestation presents with severe right upper quadrant pain, nausea, and vomiting. What complication should the nurse suspect?
A) Preeclampsia
B) Acute cholecystitis
C) Gallstones
D) Acute pancreatitis
Answer: B) Acute cholecystitis
In a pregnant woman, which of the following can result from untreated urinary tract infection (UTI)?
A) Spontaneous abortion
B) Premature rupture of membranes
C) Preterm labor
D) Placental abruption
Answer: C) Preterm labor
A patient in labor has a positive Nitrazine test result. This indicates:
A) The membranes have ruptured
B) The membranes are intact
C) The patient has a vaginal infection
D) The patient is in early labor
Answer: A) The membranes have ruptured
What is the most effective way to assess fetal well-being in the third trimester?
A) Non-stress test (NST)
B) Ultrasound for fetal growth
C) Pelvic exam
D) Biophysical profile (BPP)
Answer: A) Non-stress test (NST)
A woman with preeclampsia is at risk for which of the following complications?
A) Pulmonary embolism
B) Acute kidney injury
C) Fetal hyperglycemia
D) Placenta previa
Answer: B) Acute kidney injury
A patient with known gestational diabetes has blood glucose levels that remain elevated after delivery. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Type 2 diabetes mellitus
B) Postpartum depression
C) Type 1 diabetes mellitus
D) Hypothyroidism
Answer: A) Type 2 diabetes mellitus
The most appropriate intervention for a postpartum patient experiencing a boggy uterus and heavy bleeding is:
A) Perform a bimanual exam
B) Administer oxytocin
C) Place the patient in Trendelenburg position
D) Initiate oral antibiotics
Answer: B) Administer oxytocin
Which of the following is a contraindication to the use of prostaglandins for cervical ripening?
A) History of cesarean section
B) Nulliparity
C) Gestational age > 37 weeks
D) Positive Group B Streptococcus (GBS) culture
Answer: A) History of cesarean section
The nurse should expect to see which of the following changes in a patient with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy?
A) Dark urine and pruritus
B) Severe headache and blurry vision
C) Significant weight gain
D) Elevated blood pressure and edema
Answer: A) Dark urine and pruritus
The priority intervention for a woman with a prolapsed umbilical cord is:
A) Administer oxytocin to strengthen contractions
B) Reposition the woman in a knee-chest position
C) Perform a cesarean section immediately
D) Apply a fetal scalp electrode for continuous monitoring
Answer: B) Reposition the woman in a knee-chest position
A woman with a history of recurrent spontaneous abortions presents at 20 weeks gestation. What is the most likely intervention to prevent further losses?
A) Prescribe corticosteroids
B) Administer progesterone supplements
C) Initiate antihypertensive therapy
D) Refer for genetic counseling
Answer: B) Administer progesterone supplements
Which of the following is a risk factor for the development of placenta accreta?
A) History of preterm labor
B) History of cesarean section
C) History of gestational diabetes
D) Advanced maternal age
Answer: B) History of cesarean section
Which of the following is the most common sign of a vaginal hematoma after childbirth?
A) Severe pelvic pain and swelling
B) Absence of vaginal bleeding
C) Fever and chills
D) Difficulty voiding
Answer: A) Severe pelvic pain and swelling
A woman at 28 weeks gestation presents with rapid weight gain, hypertension, and proteinuria. What is the likely diagnosis?
A) Chronic hypertension
B) Gestational hypertension
C) Preeclampsia
D) Hyperthyroidism
Answer: C) Preeclampsia
Which of the following is a common sign of pregnancy-induced hypertension?
A) Proteinuria and facial edema
B) Hypotension and low fetal heart rate
C) Sudden onset of back pain
D) Absence of fetal movement
Answer: A) Proteinuria and facial edema
When should a pregnant woman begin taking prenatal vitamins with folic acid?
A) Immediately upon discovering pregnancy
B) At 12 weeks gestation
C) At the beginning of the third trimester
D) When the baby begins moving
Answer: A) Immediately upon discovering pregnancy
A woman with a diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is pregnant. What is the primary concern during her pregnancy?
A) Increased risk of gestational diabetes
B) Risk of preeclampsia
C) Risk of preterm labor
D) Risk of placental abruption
Answer: A) Increased risk of gestational diabetes
The best method for diagnosing a breech presentation at 34 weeks gestation is:
A) Abdominal ultrasound
B) Non-stress test
C) Pelvic exam
D) Leopold’s maneuver
Answer: A) Abdominal ultrasound
A woman who is 32 weeks pregnant is diagnosed with a urinary tract infection (UTI). What is the most appropriate treatment?
A) Oral antibiotics
B) Immediate delivery
C) Bed rest and fluids
D) Intravenous antibiotics
Answer: A) Oral antibiotics
The primary risk factor for the development of gestational diabetes is:
A) Advanced maternal age
B) History of gestational hypertension
C) Obesity
D) Multiple gestation
Answer: C) Obesity
The most appropriate action for a nurse who suspects a pregnant woman is experiencing a miscarriage is to:
A) Perform a pelvic exam
B) Send the patient to the operating room immediately
C) Provide emotional support and educate on next steps
D) Administer Rh immunoglobulin
Answer: C) Provide emotional support and educate on next steps
Which of the following is the most common cause of maternal mortality during pregnancy?
A) Ectopic pregnancy
B) Postpartum hemorrhage
C) Hypertensive disorders
D) Pulmonary embolism
Answer: B) Postpartum hemorrhage
Which of the following is a primary goal in the management of gestational diabetes?
A) Increase insulin resistance
B) Prevent fetal macrosomia
C) Encourage excessive weight gain
D) Avoid use of insulin during pregnancy
Answer: B) Prevent fetal macrosomia
A patient at 28 weeks gestation presents with edema, hypertension, and proteinuria. These findings suggest which condition?
A) Hyperemesis gravidarum
B) Preeclampsia
C) Gestational diabetes
D) Preterm labor
Answer: B) Preeclampsia
What is the recommended treatment for a pregnant woman diagnosed with bacterial vaginosis?
A) Metronidazole
B) Fluconazole
C) Amoxicillin
D) Penicillin
Answer: A) Metronidazole
Which of the following fetal heart rate patterns is most suggestive of fetal distress?
A) Accelerations
B) Early decelerations
C) Variable decelerations
D) Late decelerations
Answer: D) Late decelerations
A woman at 35 weeks gestation presents with complaints of severe headache, visual disturbances, and right upper quadrant pain. What condition should be suspected?
A) Hyperemesis gravidarum
B) Preeclampsia
C) Acute fatty liver of pregnancy
D) Placenta previa
Answer: B) Preeclampsia
Which of the following medications is commonly prescribed for preterm labor to reduce the risk of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome?
A) Magnesium sulfate
B) Betamethasone
C) Terbutaline
D) Indomethacin
Answer: B) Betamethasone
A woman is 39 weeks pregnant and is presenting with labor signs. The cervix is dilated to 3 cm and 70% effaced. What stage of labor is this?
A) Latent phase
B) Active phase
C) Expulsive phase
D) Second stage
Answer: A) Latent phase
Which of the following is a common risk factor for placenta previa?
A) Advanced maternal age
B) Multiparity
C) Previous cesarean section
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
The recommended treatment for a woman diagnosed with a UTI during pregnancy is:
A) Oral antibiotics safe in pregnancy
B) Intravenous antibiotics only
C) Observation and rest
D) No treatment is required as UTIs are common in pregnancy
Answer: A) Oral antibiotics safe in pregnancy
Which of the following is NOT a complication of gestational hypertension?
A) Preterm birth
B) Placental abruption
C) Severe fetal growth restriction
D) Hyperthyroidism
Answer: D) Hyperthyroidism
What is the most appropriate first-line management for a woman presenting with preterm labor at 32 weeks gestation?
A) Administration of betamethasone
B) Immediate cesarean delivery
C) Tocolysis and observation
D) Bed rest
Answer: C) Tocolysis and observation
Which test is most commonly used to assess fetal well-being during labor?
A) Amniocentesis
B) Non-stress test (NST)
C) Biophysical profile (BPP)
D) Ultrasound Doppler
Answer: B) Non-stress test (NST)
In managing a postpartum hemorrhage, the first step is to:
A) Administer antibiotics
B) Perform a D&C (dilatation and curettage)
C) Ensure uterine contraction and massage the fundus
D) Prepare for immediate hysterectomy
Answer: C) Ensure uterine contraction and massage the fundus
A woman in her second trimester presents with complaints of abdominal pain and bright red vaginal bleeding. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Miscarriage
B) Placental abruption
C) Placenta previa
D) Ectopic pregnancy
Answer: C) Placenta previa
What is the primary reason for administering magnesium sulfate in the management of preeclampsia?
A) To control blood pressure
B) To prevent seizures
C) To improve fetal heart rate patterns
D) To promote diuresis
Answer: B) To prevent seizures
A 30-year-old woman at 20 weeks gestation has a history of a prior cesarean delivery. She is concerned about her risk for uterine rupture in this pregnancy. What is the best response?
A) “You will likely need a repeat cesarean.”
B) “There is a very high risk of rupture with subsequent pregnancies.”
C) “The risk of uterine rupture is low in most women with prior cesareans.”
D) “Vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) is contraindicated in your case.”
Answer: C) “The risk of uterine rupture is low in most women with prior cesareans.”
What is the primary concern in managing a woman with hyperemesis gravidarum?
A) Fetal respiratory distress
B) Electrolyte imbalance and dehydration
C) Preterm labor
D) Hypertensive disorders
Answer: B) Electrolyte imbalance and dehydration
The presence of a “clammy” feeling, increased fetal heart rate, and uterine hypertonus in labor suggests:
A) Fetal distress
B) Uterine rupture
C) Tachysystole
D) Placental abruption
Answer: C) Tachysystole
Which of the following is a contraindication for vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC)?
A) Previous low transverse cesarean incision
B) Maternal request
C) Previous classical (vertical) cesarean incision
D) Absence of complications in prior pregnancies
Answer: C) Previous classical (vertical) cesarean incision
Which of the following is a classic symptom of preeclampsia?
A) Jaundice
B) Swelling in the hands and face
C) Hyperthyroidism
D) Severe headache and visual disturbances
Answer: D) Severe headache and visual disturbances
The most important intervention to reduce the risk of neonatal group B Streptococcus infection is:
A) Routine cesarean section
B) Prophylactic antibiotics during labor
C) Early elective induction
D) Fetal monitoring throughout labor
Answer: B) Prophylactic antibiotics during labor
The most common maternal complication of multiple gestations is:
A) Ectopic pregnancy
B) Gestational diabetes
C) Preeclampsia
D) Preterm labor
Answer: C) Preeclampsia
Which of the following is a typical complication of a vacuum-assisted vaginal delivery?
A) Uterine rupture
B) Fetal cephalohematoma
C) Fetal tachycardia
D) Placental abruption
Answer: B) Fetal cephalohematoma
What is the recommended management for a woman diagnosed with an ectopic pregnancy?
A) Watchful waiting
B) Methotrexate therapy
C) Immediate cesarean delivery
D) Increased progesterone therapy
Answer: B) Methotrexate therapy
The primary purpose of administering Rh immunoglobulin to an Rh-negative woman at 28 weeks gestation is to:
A) Prevent preterm birth
B) Prevent Rh incompatibility in future pregnancies
C) Treat a current Rh incompatibility
D) Improve maternal immunity
Answer: B) Prevent Rh incompatibility in future pregnancies
In a woman with suspected preterm labor, which of the following interventions is most likely to be recommended?
A) Initiate tocolysis
B) Start IV fluids only
C) Induce labor immediately
D) Delay delivery for 72 hours without any intervention
Answer: A) Initiate tocolysis
Which of the following is an appropriate intervention for a pregnant woman diagnosed with anemia?
A) Administration of oral iron supplements
B) Immediate cesarean section
C) Prescribing steroids
D) Restricting oral fluids
Answer: A) Administration of oral iron supplements
Which complication is most commonly associated with a breech presentation?
A) Preterm labor
B) Fetal injury during delivery
C) Placenta previa
D) Postpartum hemorrhage
Answer: B) Fetal injury during delivery
The hallmark symptom of placenta abruptio is:
A) Severe lower abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding
B) Mild abdominal pain without bleeding
C) Sudden onset of hypertension and proteinuria
D) Elevated fetal heart rate without contractions
Answer: A) Severe lower abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding
Which of the following is the most common cause of preterm labor?
A) Infection
B) Uterine anomalies
C) Low maternal age
D) Smoking
Answer: A) Infection
What is the primary purpose of administering corticosteroids, like betamethasone, to a woman in preterm labor?
A) To reduce inflammation
B) To stimulate uterine contractions
C) To enhance fetal lung maturity
D) To prevent infection
Answer: C) To enhance fetal lung maturity
What is the recommended management for a woman diagnosed with oligohydramnios at 37 weeks gestation?
A) Immediate cesarean delivery
B) Induction of labor
C) Observation and routine prenatal visits
D) Administration of fluids and rest
Answer: B) Induction of labor
Which of the following is a common sign of a ruptured ectopic pregnancy?
A) Severe lower abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, and dizziness
B) Mild upper abdominal pain and constipation
C) Sudden, sharp pain in the upper right quadrant
D) Severe headache and blurred vision
Answer: A) Severe lower abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, and dizziness
Which of the following interventions is most important for a woman with placenta previa who is experiencing heavy bleeding?
A) Monitor vital signs and initiate IV fluids
B) Perform immediate cesarean section
C) Administer antibiotics
D) Monitor fetal heart rate and perform a non-stress test
Answer: A) Monitor vital signs and initiate IV fluids
What is the most appropriate treatment for a woman with hyperthyroidism during pregnancy?
A) Antithyroid medications such as propylthiouracil
B) Thyroidectomy
C) High-dose iodine therapy
D) Immediate cesarean delivery
Answer: A) Antithyroid medications such as propylthiouracil
Which of the following is the first sign of labor?
A) Cervical effacement
B) Increased vaginal discharge
C) Bloody show
D) Uterine contractions
Answer: D) Uterine contractions
A 32-week pregnant woman complains of shortness of breath, leg swelling, and cough. On examination, you find bilateral crackles in the lungs. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Asthma
B) Pulmonary embolism
C) Heart failure
D) Pneumonia
Answer: C) Heart failure
In cases of suspected uterine rupture, what is the immediate priority for the nurse?
A) Monitor fetal heart rate
B) Administer fluids and oxygen
C) Prepare for emergency cesarean section
D) Provide pain management
Answer: C) Prepare for emergency cesarean section
Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of misoprostol in the induction of labor?
A) Cephalic presentation
B) Previous cesarean delivery
C) Bishop score of 8 or higher
D) Low-dose oxytocin administration
Answer: B) Previous cesarean delivery
Which of the following signs is most commonly associated with a diagnosis of chorioamnionitis?
A) Fever and uterine tenderness
B) Nausea and vomiting
C) Fetal movement cessation
D) Severe back pain
Answer: A) Fever and uterine tenderness
What is the most common complication associated with multiple gestations?
A) Preterm birth
B) Postpartum hemorrhage
C) Placenta accreta
D) Eclampsia
Answer: A) Preterm birth
The presence of a non-reassuring fetal heart rate pattern, including variable decelerations, is most likely caused by:
A) Placental insufficiency
B) Umbilical cord compression
C) Uterine rupture
D) Maternal hypotension
Answer: B) Umbilical cord compression
What is the recommended treatment for a pregnant woman with acute pyelonephritis?
A) Intravenous antibiotics and hydration
B) Oral antibiotics and rest
C) Hospitalization with observation
D) Administration of antipyretics alone
Answer: A) Intravenous antibiotics and hydration
A woman at 20 weeks gestation presents with a positive “fetal fibronectin” test. What does this result suggest?
A) High risk of preterm labor
B) Low risk of preterm labor
C) Normal progression of pregnancy
D) A sign of intrauterine infection
Answer: A) High risk of preterm labor
What is the most effective intervention for preventing neural tube defects in pregnancy?
A) Adequate folic acid intake
B) High-protein diet
C) Prenatal vitamin D supplementation
D) Daily iron supplementation
Answer: A) Adequate folic acid intake
Which of the following is a key intervention in the management of a patient with severe preeclampsia?
A) Administering magnesium sulfate to prevent seizures
B) Starting oral antihypertensive medication
C) Inducing labor immediately
D) Restricting fluid intake to reduce edema
Answer: A) Administering magnesium sulfate to prevent seizures
The primary risk factor for uterine atony postpartum is:
A) Multiparity
B) Cesarean section
C) Prolonged labor
D) Use of oxytocin during labor
Answer: A) Multiparity
What is the most appropriate management for a woman diagnosed with a missed miscarriage at 10 weeks gestation?
A) Expectant management or dilation and curettage (D&C)
B) Immediate cesarean section
C) Induction of labor with prostaglandins
D) Bed rest and observation
Answer: A) Expectant management or dilation and curettage (D&C)
Which of the following is the most appropriate intervention for a woman with gestational hypertension but no proteinuria or other symptoms?
A) Initiate antihypertensive therapy immediately
B) Monitor blood pressure regularly
C) Induce labor immediately
D) Administer magnesium sulfate
Answer: B) Monitor blood pressure regularly
Which of the following is a key characteristic of preeclampsia with severe features?
A) Weight gain of more than 5 kg in one week
B) Systolic blood pressure greater than 160 mmHg or diastolic greater than 110 mmHg
C) Anemia
D) Absent fetal movement
Answer: B) Systolic blood pressure greater than 160 mmHg or diastolic greater than 110 mmHg
Which of the following is the first-line treatment for a pregnant woman diagnosed with severe iron-deficiency anemia?
A) Blood transfusion
B) Oral iron supplementation
C) Intravenous iron therapy
D) Red blood cell growth factor administration
Answer: B) Oral iron supplementation
What is the preferred method for the management of a woman with a breech presentation at term?
A) External cephalic version (ECV)
B) Cesarean section
C) Vaginal breech delivery
D) Forceps-assisted delivery
Answer: A) External cephalic version (ECV)
Which of the following is a potential complication of cholelithiasis during pregnancy?
A) Hyperemesis gravidarum
B) Preterm labor
C) Cholecystitis
D) Gestational diabetes
Answer: C) Cholecystitis
What is the primary indication for the use of corticosteroids in pregnant women with preterm labor?
A) To prevent uterine contractions
B) To enhance fetal lung maturity
C) To treat maternal hypertension
D) To improve fetal movement
Answer: B) To enhance fetal lung maturity
What is the recommended care for a woman with a history of a cesarean section who is now pregnant with twins?
A) Elective cesarean section
B) Attempt vaginal delivery if there are no complications
C) Immediate delivery via vacuum extraction
D) Bed rest and observation until 40 weeks
Answer: B) Attempt vaginal delivery if there are no complications
What is the primary cause of postpartum depression?
A) Hormonal changes after delivery
B) Lack of sleep and fatigue
C) Family history of depression
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
What is the main intervention to prevent group B streptococcus (GBS) transmission to the newborn during labor?
A) Administration of antibiotics during labor
B) Cesarean section if GBS is positive
C) Early induction of labor
D) Administering IV fluids to the mother
Answer: A) Administration of antibiotics during labor
Which of the following is the first-line treatment for a pregnant woman with a diagnosis of preexisting asthma?
A) High-dose corticosteroids
B) Inhaled corticosteroids and bronchodilators
C) Oxygen therapy
D) Magnesium sulfate
Answer: B) Inhaled corticosteroids and bronchodilators
Which of the following is the most important factor in preventing urinary tract infections (UTIs) during pregnancy?
A) Increased fluid intake
B) Frequent urination
C) Avoiding tight-fitting clothing
D) Antibiotic prophylaxis
Answer: A) Increased fluid intake
Which of the following interventions is most appropriate for a woman diagnosed with hyperemesis gravidarum?
A) Administration of IV fluids and antiemetics
B) Prescribing corticosteroids
C) Immediate cesarean delivery
D) Administration of blood transfusion
Answer: A) Administration of IV fluids and antiemetics
What is the most common presenting symptom of an incompetent cervix?
A) Severe lower back pain
B) Painless vaginal bleeding
C) Sudden rupture of membranes
D) Early and painless cervical dilation
Answer: D) Early and painless cervical dilation
Which of the following is the first-line treatment for a pregnant woman diagnosed with mild preeclampsia?
A) Hospitalization for observation
B) Administration of magnesium sulfate
C) Initiation of antihypertensive therapy
D) Bed rest and blood pressure monitoring
Answer: D) Bed rest and blood pressure monitoring
Which of the following conditions is characterized by a sudden onset of sharp, severe abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, and a tense, painful uterus?
A) Placenta previa
B) Ectopic pregnancy
C) Placental abruption
D) Uterine rupture
Answer: C) Placental abruption
A 34-week pregnant woman presents with contractions, cervical dilation, and thinning of the cervix. What is the most appropriate intervention at this stage of pregnancy?
A) Immediate cesarean delivery
B) Administer corticosteroids for fetal lung maturity
C) No intervention is needed; observe closely
D) Administer magnesium sulfate for preterm labor prevention
Answer: B) Administer corticosteroids for fetal lung maturity
A woman presents with a history of multiple early miscarriages. The most likely diagnosis for this patient is:
A) Preterm labor
B) Cervical insufficiency
C) Placenta accreta
D) Hyperemesis gravidarum
Answer: B) Cervical insufficiency
The presence of yellowing of the skin and eyes in the newborn is a sign of:
A) Jaundice
B) Hypoglycemia
C) Neonatal sepsis
D) Hyperbilirubinemia
Answer: A) Jaundice
Which of the following is a risk factor for developing gestational hypertension?
A) Underweight pre-pregnancy
B) Previous history of gestational hypertension
C) Age under 20 years
D) Active smoking
Answer: B) Previous history of gestational hypertension
A woman at 20 weeks gestation presents with pelvic pressure, cramping, and low back pain. What should be suspected?
A) Braxton Hicks contractions
B) Early preterm labor
C) Placenta previa
D) Ectopic pregnancy
Answer: B) Early preterm labor
Which of the following is the most common type of fetal presentation at term?
A) Breech
B) Shoulder
C) Cephalic
D) Transverse
Answer: C) Cephalic
Which test is most commonly used to assess fetal well-being and predict the risk of hypoxia?
A) Non-stress test (NST)
B) Biophysical profile (BPP)
C) Doppler ultrasound
D) Amniocentesis
Answer: B) Biophysical profile (BPP)
The primary purpose of using tocolytics in preterm labor is to:
A) Prevent infection
B) Relax the uterus and delay delivery
C) Enhance fetal lung maturity
D) Prevent maternal hypertension
Answer: B) Relax the uterus and delay delivery
A patient with a previous cesarean delivery is now pregnant with a breech fetus at 39 weeks gestation. What is the best course of action?
A) Attempt vaginal breech delivery
B) Perform an immediate cesarean section
C) Attempt external cephalic version (ECV)
D) Plan for a cesarean section after labor onset
Answer: C) Attempt external cephalic version (ECV)
The most appropriate care for a woman with a suspected uterine rupture during labor is:
A) Observation and non-intervention
B) Immediate cesarean section
C) Use of forceps to deliver the fetus
D) Administer oxytocin to augment labor
Answer: B) Immediate cesarean section
What is the recommended management for a woman who is diagnosed with a mild, uncomplicated case of gestational diabetes?
A) Insulin therapy
B) Strict bed rest
C) Lifestyle modifications, including diet and exercise
D) Immediate cesarean section
Answer: C) Lifestyle modifications, including diet and exercise
Which of the following is the most common cause of late miscarriage (after 12 weeks gestation)?
A) Chromosomal abnormalities
B) Maternal infection
C) Uterine anomalies
D) Trauma
Answer: A) Chromosomal abnormalities
What is the most common reason for performing a cesarean section in labor?
A) Breech presentation
B) Failure to progress in labor
C) Umbilical cord prolapse
D) Preeclampsia
Answer: B) Failure to progress in labor
Which of the following is the most common complication of gestational diabetes?
A) Preterm labor
B) Fetal macrosomia
C) Placental abruption
D) Preterm rupture of membranes
Answer: B) Fetal macrosomia
Which condition is characterized by sudden, severe headache, visual disturbances, and right upper quadrant pain during pregnancy?
A) Eclampsia
B) Hyperemesis gravidarum
C) Preeclampsia with severe features
D) Placenta previa
Answer: C) Preeclampsia with severe features
In a pregnant woman, which of the following is an indication for the administration of magnesium sulfate?
A) Severe hypertension with no proteinuria
B) Threatened preterm labor
C) Severe preeclampsia or eclampsia
D) Mild preeclampsia without complications
Answer: C) Severe preeclampsia or eclampsia
Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment for a woman diagnosed with a urinary tract infection (UTI) during pregnancy?
A) No treatment necessary, as UTIs are common in pregnancy
B) Intravenous antibiotics
C) Oral antibiotics safe for pregnancy
D) Antibiotic prophylaxis for the remainder of pregnancy
Answer: C) Oral antibiotics safe for pregnancy
Which of the following conditions presents with dark red vaginal bleeding and a rigid, tender uterus?
A) Placenta previa
B) Placental abruption
C) Uterine rupture
D) Ectopic pregnancy
Answer: B) Placental abruption
A woman at 30 weeks gestation presents with headaches, visual disturbances, and swelling in her hands and face. What condition is most likely?
A) Preeclampsia
B) Gestational diabetes
C) Hyperthyroidism
D) Acute fatty liver of pregnancy
Answer: A) Preeclampsia
What is the most common cause of postpartum hemorrhage?
A) Uterine atony
B) Retained placenta
C) Coagulopathy
D) Cervical lacerations
Answer: A) Uterine atony
What is the best initial treatment for a woman with preterm labor at 28 weeks gestation?
A) Administer corticosteroids to enhance fetal lung maturity
B) Immediate cesarean delivery
C) Initiate tocolytic therapy
D) Restrict fluid intake
Answer: A) Administer corticosteroids to enhance fetal lung maturity
Which of the following is most likely to be a symptom of an ectopic pregnancy?
A) Severe nausea and vomiting
B) Sharp lower abdominal pain and light vaginal bleeding
C) Back pain and swelling in the feet
D) Sudden weight gain and edema
Answer: B) Sharp lower abdominal pain and light vaginal bleeding
Which of the following complications is a woman at higher risk for if she has gestational diabetes?
A) Preterm labor
B) Macrosomia
C) Low birth weight
D) Hyperbilirubinemia
Answer: B) Macrosomia
What is the preferred method for evaluating fetal well-being in high-risk pregnancies?
A) Non-stress test (NST)
B) Amniocentesis
C) Maternal blood pressure monitoring
D) Biophysical profile (BPP)
Answer: D) Biophysical profile (BPP)