Environmental Science Practice Exam Quiz
What is the primary cause of habitat destruction?
Urban sprawl
B. Overfishing
C. Natural disasters
D. Renewable energy development
Which of the following is considered a nonrenewable resource?
Wind energy
B. Solar energy
C. Coal
D. Timber
What is the term for the variety of life forms in an ecosystem?
Biodiversity
B. Biodegradation
C. Biomass
D. Bioenergy
Which of these gases contributes the most to global warming?
Oxygen
B. Carbon dioxide
C. Nitrogen
D. Helium
What is a significant consequence of deforestation?
Increased oxygen production
B. Decreased carbon dioxide levels
C. Loss of biodiversity
D. Growth of urban areas
Which practice helps reduce soil erosion?
Overgrazing
B. Deforestation
C. Crop rotation
D. Industrial farming
What is eutrophication in water bodies primarily caused by?
Acid rain
B. Excessive nutrients
C. Oil spills
D. Plastic pollution
What is the leading source of ocean pollution?
Agricultural runoff
B. Industrial waste
C. Overfishing
D. Noise pollution
The term “ecological footprint” refers to:
The measure of biodiversity in an area
B. The impact of human activities on the environment
C. The carbon emissions from automobiles
D. The amount of forest cover in a region
What is one of the main effects of acid rain?
Increase in greenhouse gases
B. Destruction of aquatic habitats
C. Rise in global temperatures
D. Enhanced agricultural productivity
What percentage of the Earth’s water is freshwater?
70%
B. 50%
C. 2.5%
D. 10%
Which energy source is the most sustainable for long-term use?
Natural gas
B. Nuclear energy
C. Solar energy
D. Petroleum
Which of the following is a consequence of overpopulation?
Increased renewable energy use
B. Lower demand for natural resources
C. Strain on freshwater supplies
D. Reduction in urban development
Which of the following is a greenhouse gas?
Argon
B. Methane
C. Oxygen
D. Nitrogen
Sustainable development aims to:
Prioritize economic growth over environmental concerns
B. Balance environmental, social, and economic goals
C. Eliminate industrial growth
D. Preserve fossil fuel usage
What is the primary cause of coral bleaching?
Increased salinity
B. Rising sea temperatures
C. Oil spills
D. Excessive fishing
Which is an example of an invasive species?
Monarch butterflies in North America
B. Kudzu vines in the southeastern United States
C. Koalas in Australia
D. Kangaroos in Australia
Which method is most effective in reducing waste?
Recycling
B. Landfilling
C. Incineration
D. Composting
Which human activity is most responsible for ozone depletion?
Burning of fossil fuels
B. Use of CFCs
C. Deforestation
D. Plastic pollution
Which process converts solar energy into chemical energy?
Photosynthesis
B. Respiration
C. Combustion
D. Decomposition
What is the major contributor to ocean acidification?
Excessive fishing
B. Carbon dioxide emissions
C. Plastic waste
D. Agricultural runoff
Which biome has the highest biodiversity?
Desert
B. Tundra
C. Tropical rainforest
D. Grassland
What is the main purpose of environmental impact assessments?
To reduce industrial profits
B. To evaluate the potential effects of projects on the environment
C. To monitor global temperatures
D. To promote urbanization
Which of the following is an example of renewable energy?
Oil
B. Natural gas
C. Wind
D. Coal
What is a significant cause of species extinction today?
Natural predators
B. Human activities
C. Genetic mutations
D. Evolution
Which of these is an example of bioremediation?
Planting trees to reduce carbon
B. Using microbes to clean oil spills
C. Building dams to conserve water
D. Recycling plastics
What does the term “carrying capacity” refer to?
The maximum amount of water a region can hold
B. The number of organisms an environment can sustainably support
C. The weight an ecosystem can bear
D. The level of biodiversity in an ecosystem
Which law governs the cleanup of hazardous waste sites in the U.S.?
Clean Air Act
B. Endangered Species Act
C. Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA)
D. Safe Drinking Water Act
Which practice leads to desertification?
Overgrazing
B. Reforestation
C. Crop rotation
D. Irrigation
Which international agreement focuses on climate change?
Kyoto Protocol
B. Montreal Protocol
C. Paris Agreement
D. Geneva Convention
What is the main goal of conservation biology?
To study fossil records
B. To protect biodiversity and ecosystems
C. To monitor global warming
D. To increase agricultural productivity
What is the term for the maximum population size an environment can support?
Biodiversity
B. Carrying capacity
C. Ecological footprint
D. Resource threshold
What does the term “biomagnification” refer to?
The increase in population size over time
B. The accumulation of pollutants in higher trophic levels of a food chain
C. The conversion of biomass into energy
D. The spread of invasive species
What is the primary reason for melting polar ice caps?
Deforestation
B. Global warming
C. Depletion of the ozone layer
D. Overfishing
Which of the following best describes “sustainable agriculture”?
Intensive farming to maximize yields
B. Farming methods that minimize environmental impact and maintain soil health
C. Exclusive use of genetically modified crops
D. Heavy reliance on chemical fertilizers
What is the main driver of desertification?
Reforestation
B. Overgrazing and deforestation
C. Rising sea levels
D. Urban development
Which practice can most effectively conserve water resources?
Flood irrigation
B. Drip irrigation
C. Over-pumping groundwater
D. Building dams
Which of the following is an example of point-source pollution?
Agricultural runoff
B. Oil spill from a pipeline
C. Urban stormwater runoff
D. Plastic waste in oceans
Which human activity is most closely linked to the greenhouse effect?
Recycling
B. Fossil fuel combustion
C. Soil erosion
D. Reforestation
What is the term for the ability of an ecosystem to recover from disturbance?
Resilience
B. Sustainability
C. Biodiversity
D. Adaptation
Which of these is an example of sustainable resource use?
Clear-cutting forests
B. Overfishing in coastal areas
C. Planting trees after timber harvesting
D. Mining coal for electricity
What is the largest freshwater reservoir on Earth?
Rivers
B. Glaciers and ice caps
C. Lakes
D. Groundwater
What is the major cause of the hole in the ozone layer?
Methane emissions
B. CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons)
C. Deforestation
D. Carbon dioxide
Which of the following is NOT a greenhouse gas?
Methane
B. Carbon dioxide
C. Oxygen
D. Nitrous oxide
What is the most effective way to reduce carbon emissions?
Increasing industrial production
B. Transitioning to renewable energy sources
C. Using more natural gas
D. Deforestation
What is the primary source of energy for ecosystems?
Fossil fuels
B. The Sun
C. Geothermal heat
D. Wind
Which process converts atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form for plants?
Photosynthesis
B. Nitrogen fixation
C. Respiration
D. Combustion
What does the term “carbon footprint” measure?
The amount of water used by an individual
B. The total carbon dioxide emissions caused by an individual or group
C. The amount of carbon stored in plants
D. The level of soil degradation in an area
What is the main cause of species extinction today?
Volcanic eruptions
B. Human activities such as habitat destruction and pollution
C. Natural selection
D. Asteroid impacts
Which of the following is an example of renewable energy?
Coal
B. Hydropower
C. Natural gas
D. Nuclear energy
What is eutrophication?
The loss of soil nutrients due to erosion
B. The enrichment of water bodies with nutrients leading to algal blooms
C. The depletion of oxygen in the atmosphere
D. The gradual increase in Earth’s temperature
What is the primary purpose of an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)?
To measure air quality
B. To evaluate potential environmental effects of proposed projects
C. To regulate industrial activities
D. To assess biodiversity in a region
Which biome is characterized by permafrost?
Tropical rainforest
B. Tundra
C. Savanna
D. Desert
Which of the following best describes “urban sprawl”?
Urban areas expanding into rural regions
B. An increase in biodiversity within cities
C. Improved public transportation systems
D. Concentration of industries in a city center
Which practice is an example of integrated pest management (IPM)?
Spraying pesticides indiscriminately
B. Using a combination of biological, physical, and chemical methods to control pests
C. Planting monocultures to reduce pest infestation
D. Increasing pesticide usage year after year
What is the main source of acid rain?
Carbon dioxide from vehicles
B. Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from burning fossil fuels
C. Methane from agriculture
D. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
What is the primary role of wetlands in an ecosystem?
Provide habitat for fish
B. Filter and purify water
C. Increase soil erosion
D. Reduce biodiversity
What does the term “ecological footprint” measure?
The impact of human activities on biodiversity
B. The amount of natural resources consumed by an individual or population
C. The total population of a region
D. The size of protected wildlife habitats
Which renewable energy source relies on the heat from Earth’s interior?
Solar energy
B. Geothermal energy
C. Wind energy
D. Hydropower
What is the term for species that are only found in a specific geographic location?
Invasive species
B. Keystone species
C. Endemic species
D. Indicator species
What is the main environmental issue caused by deforestation?
Increased soil fertility
B. Loss of biodiversity and increased greenhouse gases
C. Formation of wetlands
D. Expansion of urban areas
Which of the following is the largest contributor to ocean pollution?
Industrial spills
B. Plastic waste
C. Oil drilling
D. Agricultural runoff
Which factor is most responsible for habitat fragmentation?
Climate change
B. Urbanization and infrastructure development
C. Natural disasters
D. Reforestation efforts
What is the main purpose of the Kyoto Protocol?
To promote recycling globally
B. To reduce greenhouse gas emissions
C. To conserve water resources
D. To protect endangered species
What is the process by which water moves from plants to the atmosphere?
Evaporation
B. Transpiration
C. Condensation
D. Precipitation
Which type of pollution is caused by noise, heat, or light?
Point-source pollution
B. Non-point source pollution
C. Physical pollution
D. Secondary pollution
Which natural disaster is most likely to cause soil liquefaction?
Earthquake
B. Hurricane
C. Tsunami
D. Volcanic eruption
What is the main environmental concern with landfills?
They require excessive energy to build
B. They release methane gas and leachates
C. They contribute to water scarcity
D. They cause acid rain
Which of the following practices helps combat climate change?
Relying on coal for energy
B. Promoting afforestation and reforestation
C. Building more highways
D. Expanding agricultural lands
Which law was enacted to protect endangered species in the U.S.?
Clean Air Act
B. Endangered Species Act
C. Safe Drinking Water Act
D. National Environmental Policy Act
What is the term for a species that plays a critical role in maintaining the structure of an ecosystem?
Pioneer species
B. Keystone species
C. Indicator species
D. Invasive species
What is the leading cause of coral bleaching?
Overfishing
B. Rising ocean temperatures
C. Plastic pollution
D. Ocean acidification
What is the main function of the ozone layer?
To trap heat and regulate Earth’s temperature
B. To protect against harmful UV radiation
C. To absorb carbon dioxide
D. To provide oxygen for breathing
Which of the following is considered a secondary pollutant?
Sulfur dioxide
B. Carbon monoxide
C. Ozone in the troposphere
D. Particulate matter
What does the term “tragedy of the commons” refer to?
The depletion of shared resources due to individual self-interest
B. The impact of industrialization on biodiversity
C. The collapse of ecosystems due to natural disasters
D. The effects of deforestation on the atmosphere
What is the major source of methane emissions?
Automobiles
B. Livestock and agricultural practices
C. Combustion of fossil fuels
D. Deforestation
Which practice is an example of non-sustainable resource use?
Harvesting fish faster than they can reproduce
B. Rotational grazing to maintain soil health
C. Replanting trees after logging
D. Using solar panels for energy
What is the main goal of the Paris Agreement?
To combat deforestation
B. To reduce global greenhouse gas emissions
C. To ban single-use plastics
D. To promote biodiversity conservation
What is the primary reason for dead zones in oceans?
Oil spills
B. Eutrophication from agricultural runoff
C. Overfishing
D. Ocean warming
Which renewable resource is most dependent on weather conditions?
Geothermal energy
B. Wind energy
C. Nuclear energy
D. Biomass
What is the primary purpose of a wildlife corridor?
To attract tourists to wildlife areas
B. To connect fragmented habitats and promote species movement
C. To serve as boundaries for conservation areas
D. To prevent overpopulation of certain species
What is the term for species introduced into a new ecosystem where they may cause harm?
Keystone species
B. Native species
C. Invasive species
D. Endangered species
What is one major environmental benefit of wetlands?
They increase soil erosion
B. They act as natural water filters
C. They store excess carbon dioxide
D. They generate wind energy
What is the process by which plants convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen?
Respiration
B. Photosynthesis
C. Nitrogen fixation
D. Decomposition
What is the main concern with over-extraction of groundwater?
Increased oxygen levels
B. Depletion of aquifers and land subsidence
C. Reduced crop yields
D. Higher rainfall
What is an ecological consequence of monoculture farming?
Increased biodiversity
B. Loss of genetic diversity and vulnerability to pests
C. Enhanced soil fertility
D. Improved water conservation
What is the leading cause of global biodiversity loss?
Habitat destruction
B. Overpopulation
C. Natural disasters
D. Agricultural runoff
Which of the following gases has the highest global warming potential?
Carbon dioxide
B. Methane
C. Nitrous oxide
D. Water vapor
What is a major drawback of using desalination to address water scarcity?
It increases water pollution
B. It is energy-intensive and produces brine waste
C. It depletes freshwater resources
D. It cannot be used in coastal areas
What does the term “biocapacity” refer to?
The ability of an ecosystem to produce renewable resources and absorb waste
B. The diversity of life in a specific region
C. The maximum population size an ecosystem can support
D. The amount of carbon stored in biomass
What is the process called when fertile land becomes desert due to drought, deforestation, or inappropriate agriculture?
Urbanization
B. Desertification
C. Deforestation
D. Erosion
Which of the following is a non-renewable resource?
Solar energy
B. Natural gas
C. Wind energy
D. Geothermal energy
Which type of species is used as a measure of environmental health?
Invasive species
B. Indicator species
C. Keystone species
D. Endemic species
What is the main goal of sustainable development?
To increase industrial growth
B. To meet the needs of the present without compromising future generations’ ability to meet their needs
C. To reduce the global population
D. To maximize economic profit
What type of farming method reduces soil erosion?
Slash-and-burn agriculture
B. Contour plowing
C. Overgrazing
D. Monocropping
What is the greatest threat to tropical rainforests?
Natural wildfires
B. Deforestation for agriculture and logging
C. Acid rain
D. Melting permafrost
What is the primary cause of ocean acidification?
Increased levels of methane in the atmosphere
B. Absorption of carbon dioxide by seawater
C. Overfishing
D. Release of sulfur dioxide from ships
Which layer of the atmosphere contains the ozone layer?
Troposphere
B. Stratosphere
C. Mesosphere
D. Thermosphere
What is the primary function of the Clean Water Act?
To regulate the use of water for agriculture
B. To protect surface water quality in the U.S.
C. To promote global water conservation
D. To increase groundwater extraction
Which energy source is derived from organic material such as plants and animal waste?
Wind energy
B. Biomass energy
C. Nuclear energy
D. Geothermal energy
What is the term for the variety of life and ecosystems in the world?
Biodiversity
B. Habitat diversity
C. Genetic variation
D. Ecological footprint
Which process converts nitrogen in the atmosphere into a form usable by plants?
Photosynthesis
B. Nitrogen fixation
C. Carbon sequestration
D. Ammonification
What is one of the most significant causes of species extinction?
Habitat destruction
B. Increase in biodiversity
C. Planting monocultures
D. Sustainable development
What is the main concern associated with hydraulic fracturing (fracking)?
It leads to oil spills in oceans
B. It causes depletion of renewable resources
C. It may contaminate groundwater and cause earthquakes
D. It reduces global energy consumption
Which greenhouse gas is produced in large amounts by rice paddies?
Carbon dioxide
B. Methane
C. Nitrous oxide
D. Chlorofluorocarbons
What is the main advantage of using renewable energy sources?
They are always available and produce little to no greenhouse gas emissions
B. They require less space to generate energy
C. They are less expensive than fossil fuels
D. They are easier to transport
What is the term for a gradual increase in Earth’s average temperature due to human activity?
Climate change
B. Global warming
C. Ozone depletion
D. Desertification
What is the main goal of the Endangered Species Act?
To protect species from extinction
B. To create more national parks
C. To regulate hunting and fishing laws
D. To improve urban air quality
Which of the following is an example of a point-source pollutant?
Fertilizer runoff from farms
B. Smoke from a factory chimney
C. Oil spread across the ocean
D. Urban stormwater
What is the major environmental consequence of the overuse of chemical fertilizers?
Increased air pollution
B. Soil erosion
C. Eutrophication and water pollution
D. Desertification
What is the leading cause of deforestation in the Amazon Rainforest?
Urbanization
B. Logging for furniture
C. Agricultural expansion, especially for cattle ranching
D. Mining for precious metals
What is the primary purpose of environmental impact assessments (EIA)?
To analyze the cost-effectiveness of industrial projects
B. To predict the potential environmental effects of proposed projects
C. To monitor existing environmental policies
D. To calculate a project’s economic benefits
Which of the following is the most effective way to reduce waste in landfills?
Burning waste
B. Recycling and composting
C. Increasing the size of landfills
D. Exporting waste to other countries
What is the process by which harmful substances become more concentrated in the bodies of top predators in a food chain?
Bioaccumulation
B. Biomagnification
C. Bioremediation
D. Biodilution
What is the greatest environmental concern associated with nuclear power plants?
Greenhouse gas emissions
B. Depletion of uranium resources
C. Disposal of radioactive waste
D. Deforestation near power plants
Which biome is characterized by low rainfall, sparse vegetation, and extreme temperatures?
Tropical rainforest
B. Tundra
C. Desert
D. Grassland
What is the main source of energy driving the water cycle?
Gravity
B. Solar energy
C. Wind currents
D. Earth’s core heat
What is the primary cause of eutrophication in aquatic ecosystems?
Excessive sunlight
B. Overfishing
C. Nutrient pollution, especially from nitrogen and phosphorus
D. Acid rain
Which global treaty aims to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases to combat climate change?
The Montreal Protocol
B. The Kyoto Protocol
C. The Stockholm Convention
D. The Basel Convention
What is the primary pollutant responsible for acid rain?
Methane
B. Sulfur dioxide
C. Carbon monoxide
D. Nitrogen gas
Which of the following best describes “carbon footprint”?
The amount of carbon stored in forests
B. The total greenhouse gas emissions caused by an individual or activity
C. The global carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere
D. The carbon content of fossil fuels
What is the name of the process where groundwater is replenished by surface water?
Infiltration
B. Evaporation
C. Runoff
D. Condensation
Which of the following energy sources is considered carbon-neutral?
Natural gas
B. Coal
C. Biomass
D. Oil
What is the primary ecological role of decomposers in an ecosystem?
To produce energy for primary consumers
B. To recycle nutrients by breaking down dead organisms
C. To store carbon in biomass
D. To prevent soil erosion
Which agricultural practice can help reduce soil erosion?
Monoculture farming
B. Slash-and-burn techniques
C. Cover cropping
D. Excessive irrigation
Which of the following pollutants is most responsible for the depletion of the ozone layer?
Carbon dioxide
B. Methane
C. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
D. Sulfur dioxide
What is the primary benefit of using green roofs in urban areas?
They increase property values
B. They reduce the urban heat island effect
C. They provide an alternative to public parks
D. They prevent light pollution
What term refers to the maximum population size that an environment can sustainably support?
Biotic potential
B. Carrying capacity
C. Population density
D. Ecosystem stability
Which of the following is an example of a renewable resource?
Coal
B. Oil
C. Wind
D. Uranium
What is the primary goal of habitat restoration?
To remove all invasive species
B. To recreate natural habitats and restore ecological balance
C. To increase urban development
D. To generate profit from ecotourism
Which of the following contributes most to the depletion of freshwater resources?
Overfishing
B. Agricultural irrigation
C. Urban air pollution
D. Soil erosion
What is the main cause of coral bleaching?
Overfishing
B. Rising ocean temperatures
C. Increased sedimentation
D. Pollution from oil spills
Which form of renewable energy involves capturing heat from within the Earth?
Solar energy
B. Wind energy
C. Geothermal energy
D. Biomass energy
What is the term for the contamination of water sources by substances harmful to living organisms?
Water recycling
B. Water conservation
C. Water pollution
D. Water filtration
What is the main purpose of the Kyoto Protocol?
To reduce deforestation
B. To protect endangered species
C. To limit greenhouse gas emissions
D. To ban the use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
Which of the following is an example of an invasive species?
Giant panda in China
B. Zebra mussels in North America
C. Koala in Australia
D. Bald eagle in the United States
What is the effect of deforestation on the carbon cycle?
Increased carbon storage in trees
B. Reduced carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
C. Increased carbon dioxide emissions
D. No impact on the carbon cycle
What is the main environmental impact of overgrazing?
Increased biodiversity
B. Soil erosion and desertification
C. Improved soil fertility
D. Reduced water runoff
Which pollutant is most commonly associated with the creation of smog?
Carbon dioxide
B. Nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
C. Methane
D. Sulfur dioxide
What is the purpose of a biosphere reserve?
To allow industrial development in protected areas
B. To conserve biodiversity and support sustainable development
C. To create urban green spaces
D. To produce renewable energy
Which of the following is considered a point-source pollution example?
Agricultural runoff
B. Leaking oil from a factory pipeline
C. Fertilizer used on multiple farms
D. Trash scattered along a riverbank
What is the primary source of methane emissions in the agricultural sector?
Rice cultivation
B. Deforestation
C. Livestock digestion (enteric fermentation)
D. Use of chemical fertilizers
What is the term for the management and conservation of forests to maintain biodiversity and ecological balance?
Agroforestry
B. Deforestation
C. Sustainable forestry
D. Urban forestry
Which renewable energy source relies on the movement of water?
Solar energy
B. Hydropower
C. Biomass energy
D. Wind energy
What is the primary goal of ecological restoration?
To eliminate all human activities in ecosystems
B. To return damaged ecosystems to their original condition
C. To reduce biodiversity
D. To create artificial ecosystems
Which of the following is an impact of urban sprawl?
Increased agricultural productivity
B. Habitat fragmentation
C. Improved air quality
D. Decreased energy consumption
What is the process in which toxic substances accumulate in the tissues of organisms at each trophic level?
Biomagnification
B. Bioremediation
C. Photosynthesis
D. Biofiltration
What is the primary greenhouse gas emitted by burning fossil fuels?
Methane
B. Nitrous oxide
C. Carbon dioxide
D. Sulfur dioxide
What is the primary reason wetlands are considered ecologically important?
They are easily converted to farmland
B. They provide excellent sites for urban development
C. They act as natural water filters and habitats for biodiversity
D. They increase the salinity of nearby water bodies
Which practice is a key component of sustainable agriculture?
Clear-cutting forests for cropland
B. Rotating crops to preserve soil fertility
C. Using only chemical fertilizers
D. Relying on monocultures
What is the term for species that are only found in a specific geographic area and nowhere else?
Keystone species
B. Indicator species
C. Endemic species
D. Invasive species
Which process is responsible for the conversion of nitrogen gas (N₂) from the atmosphere into a form usable by plants?
Photosynthesis
B. Nitrogen fixation
C. Denitrification
D. Nitrification
Which of the following best describes the term “ecological footprint”?
The area of land and water needed to sustain a population’s resource use and waste generation
B. The total biodiversity loss caused by human activities
C. The measurement of carbon emissions by an individual or group
D. The average amount of land owned per capita
What is the main driver of ocean acidification?
Increasing levels of methane in the atmosphere
B. Excess carbon dioxide dissolving in seawater
C. Oil spills from offshore drilling
D. Overfishing in coral reef ecosystems
What is the largest source of renewable energy worldwide?
Solar power
B. Hydropower
C. Wind energy
D. Biomass energy
Which of the following is an example of sustainable resource use?
Clear-cutting forests for timber production
B. Harvesting fish at a rate lower than they reproduce
C. Draining wetlands to create farmland
D. Mining nonrenewable minerals for industrial use
What is the primary purpose of conservation corridors?
To separate human developments from wilderness areas
B. To connect fragmented habitats for wildlife movement
C. To increase agricultural land use
D. To establish protected areas for tourism
What is one of the primary consequences of excessive groundwater withdrawal?
Increased agricultural productivity
B. Increased biodiversity in aquatic ecosystems
C. Land subsidence and sinkholes
D. Improved water quality
Which of the following is a benefit of using wind power as an energy source?
It is always available regardless of weather conditions
B. It generates greenhouse gases
C. It is renewable and does not produce air pollution
D. It requires large amounts of water to operate
What is the main environmental concern with the use of pesticides in agriculture?
They cause rapid plant growth
B. They lead to bioaccumulation in the food chain
C. They improve water quality
D. They eliminate invasive species
Which term refers to the variety of life forms in an ecosystem, biome, or the entire planet?
Biome diversity
B. Genetic variation
C. Biodiversity
D. Ecosystem stability
What type of energy is derived from organic materials such as plant and animal waste?
Solar energy
B. Biomass energy
C. Geothermal energy
D. Nuclear energy
What is the leading cause of soil salinization in agricultural areas?
Overapplication of fertilizers
B. Overuse of freshwater for irrigation
C. Heavy rainfall
D. Pesticide use
Which natural disaster is most likely to occur as a result of deforestation on steep slopes?
Hurricanes
B. Landslides
C. Earthquakes
D. Volcanic eruptions
Which process removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?
Respiration
B. Photosynthesis
C. Combustion
D. Decomposition
Which of the following contributes to the formation of urban heat islands?
Increased green spaces
B. Reflective building materials
C. Concentration of heat-absorbing surfaces such as asphalt and concrete
D. Extensive use of solar panels
What type of pollution is primarily responsible for the depletion of the ozone layer?
Heavy metal pollution
B. Carbon emissions from vehicles
C. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
D. Pesticides and herbicides
What is the primary environmental concern associated with strip mining?
Air pollution from fossil fuel burning
B. Loss of soil fertility and habitat destruction
C. Overfishing in nearby water bodies
D. Excessive use of water resources
Which term describes the ecological role or “job” of a species within its environment?
Habitat
B. Trophic level
C. Niche
D. Community
What is the primary reason for implementing crop rotation in sustainable agriculture?
To reduce the need for pesticides
B. To increase soil fertility and reduce erosion
C. To allow for year-round harvesting
D. To maximize water usage