MGT 641 Agile Project Management Practice Exam

MGT 641 Agile Project Management Practice Exam

 

Which of the following best describes the focus of Agile Project Management?

A) Strictly follows a linear, step-by-step process
B) Focuses on collaboration, flexibility, and delivering value incrementally
C) Aims for complete documentation before starting the project
D) Prioritizes cost over quality in project delivery

 

What is the primary purpose of the Project Management Institute’s (PMI) PMBOK Guide?

A) To provide a roadmap for Agile project management only
B) To offer guidelines for various project management approaches
C) To define the Agile methodology exclusively
D) To prioritize DevOps and continuous delivery

 

Which of the following principles is NOT one of the 12 principles of the Agile Manifesto?

A) Welcome changing requirements
B) Deliver working software frequently
C) Focus on customer satisfaction through early and continuous delivery
D) Rely on extensive documentation over working software

 

What does a value stream represent in Agile methodologies?

A) A framework for project management processes
B) A series of steps that add value to the customer and eliminate waste
C) A list of project risks
D) The collection of project documentation

 

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of DevOps in Agile environments?

A) Continuous integration and continuous delivery
B) Siloed team operations between development and operations
C) Automation of software testing and deployment
D) Strong collaboration between development and operations teams

 

In Agile, the term “Sprint” refers to:

A) A process improvement event
B) A fixed-length iteration during which a specific set of tasks is completed
C) A team meeting held to discuss project progress
D) A technique used to assign work to team members

 

Which project management domain emphasizes creating an environment that enables team members to work effectively?

A) Integration Management
B) Team Performance
C) Risk Management
D) Scope Management

 

What is a fundamental difference between predictive and adaptive project management?

A) Predictive focuses on flexibility and changes in scope, while adaptive is rigid and follows a strict plan
B) Predictive management relies on detailed upfront planning, while adaptive responds to change during the project lifecycle
C) Predictive involves iterative cycles, while adaptive follows a sequential process
D) Predictive focuses on minimal documentation, while adaptive focuses on extensive documentation

 

In a Disciplined Agile environment, the role of a Scrum Master is primarily to:

A) Define project scope and deliverables
B) Manage the project budget
C) Facilitate team communication and help remove obstacles
D) Write and approve project documentation

 

Which of the following best describes hybrid project management?

A) The use of only predictive approaches in project management
B) Combining elements of both predictive and adaptive methodologies based on project needs
C) Focusing only on adaptive methodologies for faster delivery
D) Using a waterfall approach for larger projects and Agile for smaller projects

 

Which is the main objective of value-driven delivery in Agile?

A) To complete projects as quickly as possible
B) To deliver the highest value to stakeholders with the least waste
C) To prioritize comprehensive documentation over working software
D) To adhere strictly to initial project requirements

 

What does the term “cross-functional team” mean in an Agile context?

A) A team made up of members from different organizations
B) A team with members possessing a range of skills needed to complete a project
C) A team that only includes developers and testers
D) A team that focuses on specific areas of the project such as design or documentation

 

Which of the following is NOT typically part of an Agile team’s responsibilities?

A) Creating detailed project schedules in advance
B) Collaborating with stakeholders to define product features
C) Self-organizing to complete tasks during a sprint
D) Delivering working software frequently

 

Which Agile practice involves holding regular, short meetings to review progress and adjust plans?

A) Sprint Retrospectives
B) Daily Standups
C) Backlog Refinement
D) Release Planning

 

In the Disciplined Agile Framework (DAF), what is the purpose of the “architecture runway”?

A) To ensure that the project is executed according to the original design
B) To provide the technical infrastructure necessary to support upcoming features
C) To review past projects for best practices
D) To create a detailed project plan at the start of the project

 

Which of the following is a primary focus of the Project Management Professional (PMP) certification?

A) Only Agile methodologies
B) Predictive, adaptive, and hybrid project management approaches
C) Solely Waterfall project management processes
D) Only adaptive frameworks like Scrum and Kanban

 

What is the typical output of a Sprint Review in Agile?

A) A plan for the next sprint
B) A retrospective analysis of the completed sprint
C) A potentially shippable product increment
D) A final project report

 

Which of the following best describes the role of a Product Owner in an Agile team?

A) To approve all project documents and changes
B) To prioritize the product backlog and represent the customer’s interests
C) To manage the project schedule
D) To ensure compliance with regulations

 

What is the primary purpose of the “Definition of Done” (DoD) in Agile?

A) To define the project scope
B) To outline the budget limits for a project
C) To specify the criteria that must be met for work to be considered complete
D) To list all project risks

 

Which of the following is NOT a recommended practice in Scrum?

A) Time-boxing the Sprint to a fixed duration
B) Having daily Scrum meetings
C) Keeping a detailed, static project plan for the entire project
D) Prioritizing tasks in the product backlog

 

Which is a key benefit of using Agile methodologies in software development?

A) It allows teams to deliver predictable results without change
B) It promotes adaptability and quick responses to changes in requirements
C) It requires extensive upfront planning
D) It eliminates the need for regular communication with stakeholders

 

In Agile, what is the function of the Product Backlog?

A) To document all lessons learned from previous projects
B) To track project expenses
C) To list all required features and tasks for future sprints
D) To define the project’s final deliverables

 

Which of the following is a core component of the Disciplined Agile process?

A) A detailed project schedule at the beginning of the project
B) Specific and rigid rules that must be followed by the team
C) A flexible and adaptive approach to process improvement based on the project context
D) A large team of project managers overseeing every aspect of the project

 

What is the primary difference between DevOps and Agile?

A) Agile is focused on customer collaboration, while DevOps is focused on deployment and operations
B) DevOps focuses solely on customer satisfaction, while Agile focuses on software development processes
C) Agile emphasizes individual work, while DevOps emphasizes teamwork
D) DevOps is only applicable in large enterprises, while Agile is for small teams

 

Which of the following is an example of a practice in Agile Project Management that supports continuous delivery?

A) Waterfall planning phases
B) Frequent retrospectives to identify improvements
C) Delaying releases until the project is completed
D) One large deployment at the end of the project

 

The “Fail Fast” principle in Agile encourages teams to:

A) Avoid making mistakes at all costs
B) Deliver a product before testing it
C) Identify and resolve issues early to avoid costly delays later
D) Use unreliable processes to speed up delivery

 

In the context of Agile, what is the purpose of a Sprint Retrospective?

A) To plan the next sprint
B) To discuss what went well, what could be improved, and how to make adjustments for future sprints
C) To review the final product increment
D) To finalize project budgets and timelines

 

What is a key characteristic of Agile teams?

A) They work independently without needing much collaboration
B) They are highly flexible and can quickly respond to change
C) They focus on completing tasks within the prescribed project timeline
D) They always have a fixed team structure

 

What is the primary goal of using Agile’s iterative development process?

A) To ensure that every iteration results in a complete product
B) To reduce the need for customer involvement
C) To continuously improve product quality and adapt to changing requirements
D) To prevent the need for testing and feedback

 

Which Agile framework is commonly used for large-scale projects and multiple teams?

A) Kanban
B) Scrum of Scrums
C) Waterfall
D) Lean

 

 

What is the main purpose of a Kanban board in Agile?

A) To define project scope and milestones
B) To track the flow of work and ensure tasks are completed efficiently
C) To conduct risk assessments and manage uncertainties
D) To store all project documentation and files

 

Which of the following is NOT a Scrum event?

A) Sprint Planning
B) Sprint Review
C) Sprint Retrospective
D) Project Closeout

 

In Scrum, who is responsible for managing the product backlog?

A) Scrum Master
B) Development Team
C) Product Owner
D) Project Manager

 

What is the primary responsibility of the Scrum Master?

A) To define the project scope and deliverables
B) To oversee the quality of the final product
C) To facilitate the Scrum process and remove obstacles for the team
D) To develop the product backlog

 

In Agile, which of the following is a key focus of the “Responding to Change” principle?

A) Following the initial plan strictly without alterations
B) Continuously adapting the project in response to customer feedback and evolving requirements
C) Avoiding any changes to the project once it has started
D) Only making changes during sprint reviews

 

What is the role of the Development Team in Agile?

A) To write project documentation and create detailed plans
B) To create product increments and deliver value to the customer
C) To handle all project communications and stakeholder relations
D) To monitor and manage project risks

 

Which of the following best describes an Agile “user story”?

A) A detailed, technical description of product functionality
B) A high-level requirement written from the perspective of the user or customer
C) A project schedule that defines milestones
D) A list of project risks and mitigation strategies

 

What is the key purpose of a Sprint Goal in Scrum?

A) To define the individual tasks for each team member
B) To provide a clear objective and focus for the Sprint
C) To set the overall project timeline
D) To track the team’s daily progress

 

Which of the following is an example of Agile’s “Continuous Feedback” principle?

A) Collecting feedback only at the end of the project
B) Regularly assessing the product with stakeholders to ensure it meets their needs
C) Waiting until the end of the project to make necessary changes
D) Following a detailed project plan that doesn’t allow changes

 

Which of the following Agile tools is primarily used to visualize work and manage workflow?

A) Gantt Chart
B) Burndown Chart
C) Kanban Board
D) PERT Chart

 

What is the key benefit of using time-boxing in Agile?

A) It allows projects to continue indefinitely until all features are completed
B) It helps ensure that work is completed within a fixed time frame, increasing efficiency
C) It eliminates the need for detailed planning and documentation
D) It allows flexibility for adding new tasks throughout the project

 

What is a key difference between Scrum and Kanban?

A) Scrum uses fixed-length iterations (sprints), while Kanban focuses on continuous flow and task completion
B) Scrum is used exclusively for software development, while Kanban applies to all types of projects
C) Kanban focuses on project initiation, while Scrum focuses on project execution
D) Scrum teams are larger than Kanban teams

 

In the context of Agile, what does “velocity” refer to?

A) The speed at which the project is completed
B) The amount of work a team can complete during a sprint
C) The time taken to complete a product increment
D) The number of resources needed for a project

 

Which of the following is a benefit of using Agile methodologies in software development?

A) Reduced need for ongoing communication between team members
B) Delays in delivering functionality until the final product is complete
C) Increased adaptability to changing requirements and customer needs
D) A more rigid process with little flexibility in how work is completed

 

What is the main purpose of a Sprint Retrospective in Scrum?

A) To plan the next sprint
B) To reflect on the previous sprint and identify areas for improvement
C) To present the completed work to stakeholders
D) To define the product backlog for the next sprint

 

In Agile, what is a “minimum viable product” (MVP)?

A) A product with all features fully developed and tested
B) The product with the least amount of functionality that can be released to customers
C) A product that has no functionality and is used for testing purposes
D) A fully-featured product ready for market release

 

Which Agile framework emphasizes a strong focus on the continuous delivery of working software?

A) Scrum
B) Kanban
C) Lean
D) DevOps

 

Which of the following best describes the Agile principle of “Customer Collaboration over Contract Negotiation”?

A) Focusing on contractual obligations rather than customer needs
B) Ensuring that the customer has no involvement until the project is finished
C) Emphasizing regular communication with customers to adapt and respond to their evolving needs
D) Avoiding customer involvement to minimize the impact of changes

 

What is the role of “Backlog Refinement” in Scrum?

A) To monitor the team’s progress throughout the sprint
B) To ensure that the product backlog is well-defined, prioritized, and ready for future sprints
C) To create the sprint goal and define specific tasks for team members
D) To present the completed product to stakeholders for approval

 

Which of the following is a key advantage of using Agile in a project environment?

A) Projects can be completed without any feedback loops
B) Agile processes allow teams to maintain flexibility and focus on delivering value to stakeholders
C) Agile eliminates the need for regular testing during the project lifecycle
D) Agile focuses on maintaining strict schedules and budgets without deviation

 

Which of the following roles does a Scrum Master NOT perform?

A) Facilitating Scrum ceremonies
B) Helping the team remove obstacles
C) Managing the product backlog
D) Coaching the team on Agile practices

 

Which Agile practice is often used to continuously improve product development and team performance?

A) Sprint Retrospectives
B) Sprint Planning
C) Sprint Reviews
D) Product Backlog Refinement

 

What does “incremental delivery” in Agile refer to?

A) Delivering the complete product at the end of the project
B) Delivering the product in small, usable chunks or increments throughout the project
C) Delivering the product in multiple releases over time
D) Delivering the product only after all requirements are finalized

 

Which of the following best describes a Scrum “Sprint”?

A) A project phase in which the product is finalized and delivered
B) A specific, fixed-length iteration during which the team develops a product increment
C) A meeting where the Scrum Master provides updates to stakeholders
D) A strategy for managing project risks

 

In the context of Agile, “Fail Fast” encourages teams to:

A) Avoid testing to save time
B) Identify and resolve issues early to minimize impact
C) Continue with a failing strategy until the project is completed
D) Focus only on meeting deadlines, regardless of quality

 

What is the role of the “Product Owner” in a Scrum team?

A) To manage the project’s schedule and timeline
B) To ensure the team follows Scrum processes
C) To prioritize the product backlog and represent stakeholder interests
D) To facilitate daily standups and sprint retrospectives

 

Which Agile methodology focuses on reducing waste, improving flow, and delivering value with minimal resources?

A) Scrum
B) Kanban
C) Extreme Programming (XP)
D) Lean

 

What is the benefit of Agile’s “Iterative Process”?

A) It allows for frequent updates and adjustments to project scope and deliverables
B) It requires a long upfront planning phase
C) It eliminates the need for customer involvement during development
D) It reduces the number of deliverables in each cycle

 

Which of the following Agile frameworks focuses on automated testing and continuous integration?

A) Scrum
B) Lean
C) Extreme Programming (XP)
D) Kanban

 

In Agile project management, what does the term “Burndown Chart” refer to?

A) A tool to track project progress and remaining work in a sprint
B) A document outlining project risks and mitigation strategies
C) A list of all project deliverables
D) A report showing budget versus actual costs

 

 

Which of the following best describes the concept of “value-driven delivery” in Agile?

A) Delivering the project on time, regardless of quality
B) Focusing on delivering features that are of the most value to the customer and stakeholders
C) Minimizing the project’s cost over the entire lifecycle
D) Prioritizing tasks based solely on the availability of resources

 

What is the purpose of the “Product Backlog” in Scrum?

A) To provide detailed project timelines and schedules
B) To track completed project deliverables
C) To store and prioritize the tasks and features needed for the product
D) To define the project risks and mitigation strategies

 

What does the “Definition of Done” (DoD) refer to in Scrum?

A) The list of project risks and issues that must be addressed before completing the project
B) The set of criteria that a product increment must meet to be considered complete
C) The date when the product is officially released to the customer
D) The list of tasks that must be performed by the Scrum Master

 

Which of the following Agile methodologies emphasizes pair programming and collective code ownership?

A) Scrum
B) Kanban
C) Extreme Programming (XP)
D) Lean

 

What is a “Sprint Review” in Scrum?

A) A meeting where the Scrum team discusses lessons learned and plans for the next sprint
B) A meeting where the team presents the completed work to stakeholders for feedback
C) A meeting where the Scrum Master checks the team’s progress
D) A meeting where the team refines the product backlog

 

In Scrum, how long does a Sprint typically last?

A) 1 to 2 weeks
B) 2 to 4 weeks
C) 4 to 6 weeks
D) 6 to 8 weeks

 

What is the main goal of an Agile “Retrospective”?

A) To define the project scope for the next sprint
B) To inspect the work done and decide how to improve the process for the next sprint
C) To allocate tasks for the next sprint
D) To review the project budget and timeline

 

Which of the following best describes the Agile principle of “Simplicity—the art of maximizing the amount of work not done”?

A) Focusing on delivering as much functionality as possible regardless of its importance
B) Removing unnecessary features and focusing on the core requirements that add value
C) Creating highly detailed project plans to avoid confusion
D) Ensuring that every task has a high level of complexity

 

What does the “Release Planning” phase in Agile involve?

A) Creating a detailed project schedule and resource allocation plan
B) Defining the overall scope, goals, and timeline for a series of sprints
C) Reviewing project risks and identifying mitigation strategies
D) Assigning tasks to individual team members for the entire project duration

 

What is a “Sprint Backlog” in Scrum?

A) A list of tasks that have been completed in the current sprint
B) A collection of tasks selected from the product backlog for the current sprint
C) A list of tasks that are being added to the product backlog
D) A document that details the team’s performance during the sprint

 

Which Agile practice emphasizes delivering the highest value items first and continuously reassessing priorities?

A) Timeboxing
B) Prioritization
C) Iterative Development
D) Incremental Delivery

 

Which of the following roles in Scrum is responsible for removing any obstacles that impede the development team’s progress?

A) Product Owner
B) Scrum Master
C) Development Team
D) Project Manager

 

In the context of Agile, what is “Pair Programming”?

A) Writing code individually and then reviewing it with a peer
B) Two developers working together at the same workstation to complete a task
C) Assigning two developers to handle different tasks independently
D) A process where one developer writes code and the other manages the project timeline

 

Which of the following is NOT a principle of Agile development?

A) Responding to change over following a plan
B) Customer collaboration over contract negotiation
C) Individuals and interactions over processes and tools
D) Maintaining a rigid process without any deviations

 

What is the main objective of using “Timeboxes” in Agile?

A) To ensure that tasks are completed as quickly as possible, regardless of quality
B) To manage scope and prevent projects from taking too long by limiting the duration of specific activities
C) To allocate tasks based on the team’s availability
D) To focus on a specific task without interruption until completion

 

What does the Agile “Daily Standup” meeting typically involve?

A) Discussing detailed project plans and schedules
B) Reviewing the project budget and timeline
C) Each team member providing a quick update on what they did yesterday, what they will do today, and any obstacles they face
D) Discussing in-depth technical solutions to the product’s features

 

Which of the following Agile tools is most commonly used for tracking progress and visualizing tasks in a sprint?

A) Burndown Chart
B) Gantt Chart
C) Kanban Board
D) PERT Chart

 

What is the primary benefit of using “Test-Driven Development” (TDD) in Agile?

A) It minimizes the need for regular testing during the development cycle
B) It helps ensure that code meets requirements and behaves as expected from the start
C) It focuses only on testing at the end of the development process
D) It automates the testing process to reduce the need for manual intervention

 

What is the “Customer Collaboration” principle in Agile?

A) Focusing on delivering features based on customer needs rather than on the initial contract
B) Only collaborating with customers after the product is delivered
C) Avoiding any direct interaction with customers to minimize disruptions
D) Prioritizing customer feedback after the project completion

 

What is the “Focus on Individuals and Interactions” principle in Agile?

A) Emphasizing the importance of project documentation over collaboration
B) Prioritizing automated tools and processes over team communication
C) Recognizing that high-performing teams deliver value through collaboration and effective communication
D) Focusing on building complex project processes over team interactions

 

Which of the following best describes “Agile Scaling”?

A) Applying Agile practices to smaller projects only
B) Scaling Agile processes to large projects or multiple teams working together
C) Limiting Agile practices to individual teams and not involving stakeholders
D) Using Agile for only one phase of the project

 

Which of the following is a major advantage of using “Incremental Delivery” in Agile?

A) Delivers a complete product at the end of the project
B) Helps to deliver usable features early and gain customer feedback to make improvements
C) Requires less collaboration with stakeholders
D) Delays delivery until all features are fully developed

 

What is a “User Story” in Agile?

A) A detailed description of the project’s schedule
B) A description of a product feature from the perspective of the end user
C) A list of all tasks and technical requirements for the project
D) A plan outlining project risks and their mitigation strategies

 

Which of the following best describes “Agile Ceremonies”?

A) Regular meetings and processes that support communication, planning, and reflection throughout a project
B) A list of all deliverables and milestones for the project
C) Strictly scheduled review meetings held at the end of the project
D) Detailed documentation of every task performed by the development team

 

What does the term “Agile Manifesto” refer to?

A) A detailed list of all tasks that need to be completed
B) A collection of guiding principles that support Agile software development
C) A document outlining the project’s scope, timeline, and resources
D) A set of rules for managing budgets and risks in Agile projects

 

What is the purpose of the “Sprint Planning” meeting in Scrum?

A) To decide how to allocate resources for the next sprint
B) To determine the work to be completed in the sprint and set the sprint goal
C) To review the completed work from the previous sprint
D) To define the overall product backlog

 

What is a key characteristic of a “Cross-functional” team in Agile?

A) The team includes members from different organizations and departments
B) Each team member is specialized in a single task or skill
C) The team possesses all necessary skills to complete the work within the team itself
D) The team focuses only on technical tasks and does not involve stakeholders

 

Which of the following is an Agile principle that encourages early and continuous delivery of valuable software?

A) Maximizing resources for each task
B) Prioritizing customer communication over documentation
C) Delivering working software frequently to stakeholders
D) Focusing on long-term planning

 

What does the “Servant Leadership” approach refer to in Agile?

A) The leader directs and controls the team’s actions
B) The leader focuses on serving the needs of the team and helping them succeed
C) The leader delegates all tasks to individual team members
D) The leader focuses on managing external stakeholders

 

What is the purpose of “Agile Release Trains” in scaled Agile?

A) To ensure all releases are fully tested before deployment
B) To deliver incremental value across multiple teams within an enterprise
C) To establish long-term project roadmaps
D) To eliminate communication between different teams

 

 

Which of the following is the primary responsibility of the Product Owner in Scrum?

A) To manage the Scrum team
B) To ensure the Scrum team follows Agile practices
C) To prioritize the product backlog based on value
D) To allocate tasks to team members

 

In Agile, what is meant by “Iterative Development”?

A) Developing the entire product in one long cycle
B) Delivering the final product after multiple stages of testing
C) Repeating the development process with continuous feedback and refinement
D) Completing the entire project upfront before releasing any product

 

Which of the following is NOT a typical characteristic of an Agile team?

A) Self-organizing
B) Cross-functional
C) Centralized decision-making
D) Collaborative

 

What is a key characteristic of the “Kanban” method in Agile?

A) Limiting the number of tasks in progress to enhance flow
B) Using iterations and sprints to complete work
C) Emphasizing strict deadlines for task completion
D) Focusing on continuous planning and review meetings

 

What is the purpose of “Burn-Up and Burn-Down Charts” in Agile?

A) To track the team’s overall velocity over time
B) To show the amount of work completed versus the remaining work in a sprint or project
C) To track product quality metrics
D) To show the resource allocation for the sprint

 

Which of the following is the best way to measure success in an Agile project?

A) Meeting the project’s schedule
B) Delivering high-quality product increments that meet customer needs
C) Completing the project within budget
D) Following the project’s original plan

 

In Scrum, who is responsible for ensuring the team adheres to Scrum practices and values?

A) Product Owner
B) Scrum Master
C) Development Team
D) Project Manager

 

Which of the following describes a “user story” in Agile?

A) A detailed technical specification document
B) A high-level description of a feature from the end-user’s perspective
C) A list of tasks to be completed during a sprint
D) A report outlining the project’s risks

 

What is a “Spike” in Agile development?

A) A task used to estimate the effort required for a story
B) A user story that has high uncertainty and requires research or exploration
C) A method to reduce the number of tasks in a sprint
D) A task that should be done in the last phase of the sprint

 

What does the term “Velocity” refer to in Scrum?

A) The speed at which the Scrum team moves from one sprint to another
B) The total time taken to complete a project
C) The number of story points or tasks the team completes in a sprint
D) The amount of work planned for the entire project

 

Which of the following is a benefit of Agile’s “Adaptive Planning”?

A) It reduces the need for detailed upfront planning
B) It minimizes the involvement of stakeholders in decision-making
C) It eliminates the need for frequent adjustments throughout the project
D) It ensures a fixed timeline for all project activities

 

What is the “Definition of Ready” (DoR) in Scrum?

A) A document that defines all project requirements in detail
B) The criteria a user story must meet before it can be taken into a sprint
C) A set of standards for how to release the product
D) A process for testing and reviewing product features

 

What is the purpose of the “Product Increment” in Scrum?

A) To complete the project’s budgetary review
B) To represent the working product at the end of each sprint
C) To evaluate the project’s performance against its plan
D) To finalize the project scope and schedule

 

Which of the following is the main focus of the Agile principle “Customer Collaboration over Contract Negotiation”?

A) Focusing on contract terms and legal requirements
B) Ensuring that the customer is satisfied by continuously collaborating with them
C) Ignoring customer feedback in favor of completing the project on time
D) Negotiating customer requirements after the project’s completion

 

Which of the following best describes the Agile principle “Responding to Change over Following a Plan”?

A) Adhering strictly to the original project plan without deviations
B) Reacting flexibly to changes in customer needs or the market environment
C) Avoiding changes unless absolutely necessary
D) Using change as an excuse for delayed progress

 

In Agile, which of the following roles is responsible for prioritizing the product backlog?

A) Scrum Master
B) Project Manager
C) Product Owner
D) Development Team

 

Which of the following statements best describes the “Scrum Master” role?

A) The Scrum Master is responsible for product delivery and managing the budget
B) The Scrum Master is responsible for ensuring that the Scrum framework is followed and helps the team remove impediments
C) The Scrum Master handles all communication with external stakeholders
D) The Scrum Master manages the product backlog

 

What is the purpose of the “Agile Manifesto”?

A) To define the exact processes and tools required for Agile development
B) To serve as a guide to the core values and principles of Agile methodology
C) To create a list of standard tasks for Agile projects
D) To establish strict rules and timelines for project completion

 

What is the role of the “Development Team” in Scrum?

A) To provide strategic direction for the project
B) To ensure the Scrum process is followed
C) To design, develop, and test the product increment
D) To manage communication with external stakeholders

 

Which Agile framework is specifically designed to help organizations scale Agile practices across multiple teams?

A) Kanban
B) SAFe (Scaled Agile Framework)
C) Scrum
D) Extreme Programming (XP)

 

Which of the following is a primary benefit of “Continuous Integration” in Agile software development?

A) It ensures that all team members work on the same version of the product
B) It reduces the need for manual testing
C) It eliminates the need for iteration planning meetings
D) It guarantees the project will be delivered on time

 

In Agile, what is meant by “Collaboration” with stakeholders?

A) Regularly updating stakeholders on progress without seeking their input
B) Working closely with stakeholders to understand their needs and incorporate feedback throughout the project
C) Ignoring stakeholders once the project scope is defined
D) Focusing only on technical aspects of the project, without involving stakeholders

 

Which Agile principle emphasizes delivering the highest value to the customer early and continuously?

A) Deliver working software frequently
B) Build projects around motivated individuals
C) Respond to change quickly
D) Ensure that requirements are fixed before starting the project

 

Which of the following is a key benefit of the Agile practice “Test-Driven Development” (TDD)?

A) It reduces the need for ongoing collaboration with the customer
B) It helps ensure that each piece of code is thoroughly tested from the beginning
C) It allows for more detailed documentation
D) It speeds up the release of new features without the need for testing

 

 

In Agile, what does the term “Timebox” refer to?

A) A technique for tracking the amount of time spent on each task
B) A fixed amount of time allocated for a specific activity, such as a sprint or meeting
C) A tool for scheduling project deadlines
D) A strategy for allocating time for team collaboration

 

Which of the following describes the purpose of the “Sprint Review” meeting in Scrum?

A) To finalize the product backlog
B) To review the work completed and gather feedback from stakeholders
C) To plan the next sprint’s tasks
D) To discuss project risks and issues

 

In Agile, what is the purpose of a “Retrospective” meeting?

A) To discuss how to handle project risks
B) To review the product backlog with the Product Owner
C) To reflect on the previous sprint and identify areas for improvement
D) To finalize the project deliverables

 

Which of the following is a characteristic of an Agile project in contrast to traditional project management?

A) Strict adherence to a detailed project plan
B) Focus on delivering small, incremental improvements to the product
C) Emphasis on completing the project in a single phase
D) Limited stakeholder involvement after project initiation

 

What is the key focus of the “Sprint Planning” meeting in Scrum?

A) To determine the sprint goals and select the user stories for the sprint backlog
B) To review the completed tasks from the previous sprint
C) To evaluate team performance and identify bottlenecks
D) To allocate resources for the project

 

Which of the following describes a “Product Backlog” in Scrum?

A) A list of user stories that need to be completed in the current sprint
B) A prioritized list of features, enhancements, and fixes that make up the product
C) A list of tasks assigned to each team member
D) A document that tracks the budget and timeline of the project

 

Which of the following best describes the “Definition of Done” (DoD) in Scrum?

A) A set of tasks that need to be completed before the end of the project
B) A clear and agreed-upon criteria that must be met for a user story or task to be considered complete
C) A list of product features that are included in the final delivery
D) A document that outlines the project’s scope and objectives

 

Which of the following best describes “User Stories” in Agile?

A) Detailed technical documentation for developers
B) High-level descriptions of features from the user’s perspective
C) A list of tasks to be completed within a sprint
D) A set of testing protocols for each feature

 

What does the term “Increment” refer to in Scrum?

A) The final product delivered after all sprints are complete
B) The work completed in the current sprint that adds value to the product
C) A measure of the project’s overall progress
D) The total budget allocated for the project

 

In Agile, what is the purpose of “Continuous Delivery”?

A) To ensure that the product is delivered after every sprint without delay
B) To maintain a steady flow of new product features being delivered to customers at regular intervals
C) To freeze the product once it reaches a specific stage
D) To complete the entire project upfront and deliver it all at once

 

Which Agile framework is commonly used for software development and emphasizes test-driven development (TDD), pair programming, and continuous integration?

A) Scrum
B) Lean
C) Extreme Programming (XP)
D) Kanban

 

What is the primary goal of the “Daily Standup” meeting in Scrum?

A) To review the project’s budget and financial status
B) To discuss the overall project strategy and long-term goals
C) To allow team members to share what they did yesterday, what they plan to do today, and identify any obstacles
D) To showcase completed product features to stakeholders

 

What is the “Release Planning” phase in Agile focused on?

A) Determining the exact timeline and budget for the entire project
B) Planning the release of product increments and aligning it with stakeholder expectations
C) Establishing the technical requirements for the project
D) Allocating resources to different departments in the organization

 

Which Agile practice focuses on reducing waste and increasing efficiency by limiting the work in progress (WIP)?

A) Scrum
B) Lean
C) Kanban
D) Extreme Programming (XP)

 

What is the purpose of a “Backlog Grooming” or “Backlog Refinement” session in Scrum?

A) To review the performance of the Scrum team
B) To prioritize the user stories in the product backlog and ensure they are ready for future sprints
C) To track the progress of completed tasks
D) To finalize the scope and schedule of the project

 

In the context of Agile, which of the following is true about “Self-Organizing Teams”?

A) The team follows a strict hierarchy and management control
B) The team has the autonomy to organize and manage their own work without micromanagement
C) The team must consult with external stakeholders before making any decisions
D) The team’s tasks are assigned by the Scrum Master

 

Which of the following is a benefit of using “Continuous Integration” in Agile?

A) It ensures that code changes are integrated into the project at the end of the sprint
B) It allows for testing code changes early and often, reducing integration issues
C) It eliminates the need for manual testing
D) It guarantees that the product will be released on time

 

In Agile, what is the role of the “Development Team”?

A) To manage stakeholder relationships
B) To provide technical expertise and implement the product features defined in the sprint backlog
C) To allocate tasks to the Product Owner
D) To enforce Scrum rules and processes

 

What is the primary function of the “Sprint Goal” in Scrum?

A) To track the completion of each task in the sprint
B) To define a clear and measurable objective for the sprint that aligns with the product vision
C) To ensure that the sprint remains within the budget
D) To prioritize the tasks in the product backlog

 

What does the “Agile Manifesto” emphasize regarding “Individuals and Interactions”?

A) Focusing on processes and tools rather than people
B) Prioritizing individuals and interactions over processes and tools
C) Treating team members as replaceable resources
D) Relying on external consultants for decision-making

 

Which of the following is an advantage of using Agile for software development?

A) It requires less stakeholder engagement
B) It ensures that all project requirements are defined upfront
C) It enables flexibility to adapt to changes based on customer feedback throughout the development cycle
D) It avoids the need for regular testing

 

 

In Agile, what is the main purpose of the “Product Increment”?

A) To outline the project’s scope and objectives
B) To define a working version of the product that includes all the completed features and functionality at the end of each sprint
C) To prioritize tasks in the product backlog
D) To assign tasks to team members during the sprint

 

What does the “Sprint Backlog” contain?

A) A list of user stories prioritized by the Product Owner
B) A list of all tasks completed throughout the project
C) The work and user stories selected by the Development Team for the current sprint
D) A record of the total project budget and timeline

 

Which of the following is true about the Scrum Master role in Agile?

A) The Scrum Master is responsible for creating the product backlog
B) The Scrum Master helps the team adhere to Scrum practices and removes any obstacles that hinder the team’s progress
C) The Scrum Master directly manages the team’s work and tasks
D) The Scrum Master is responsible for setting up sprint goals

 

What is the purpose of “User Story Mapping”?

A) To create detailed technical documentation for each user story
B) To visualize and prioritize user stories, ensuring a better understanding of the product from the user’s perspective
C) To track the time spent on each user story
D) To allocate resources to different tasks in the sprint

 

Which of the following best defines “Agile Manifesto” Principle 1?

A) “Customer collaboration over contract negotiation”
B) “Individuals and interactions over processes and tools”
C) “Responding to change over following a plan”
D) “Working software over comprehensive documentation”

 

Which of the following is NOT one of the 12 Agile Principles outlined in the Agile Manifesto?

A) Deliver working software frequently
B) Welcome changing requirements, even late in development
C) Develop comprehensive documentation at the start of the project
D) Build projects around motivated individuals

 

In an Agile environment, what is the term for the process of continually adjusting project priorities based on feedback from stakeholders?

A) Scope Creep
B) Iterative Development
C) Continuous Improvement
D) Backlog Grooming

 

What is the role of a “Product Owner” in Agile?

A) To manage the development team’s daily activities
B) To set project timelines and budgets
C) To represent the customer’s interests and ensure the product backlog is well-prioritized
D) To write technical documentation for the product

 

Which of the following Agile methodologies emphasizes small, cross-functional teams and rapid iterations of development?

A) Lean
B) Scrum
C) Waterfall
D) Kanban

 

In Agile, what is the meaning of the term “Velocity”?

A) The rate at which the project budget is spent
B) The rate at which features are being completed by the team, typically measured in story points per sprint
C) The number of team members working in a sprint
D) The speed at which the product is released

 

What is the purpose of “Kanban” in Agile?

A) To break down user stories into smaller tasks
B) To manage and optimize the flow of work by visualizing tasks and limiting work in progress
C) To automate software testing
D) To create detailed project documentation

 

Which of the following is true about Agile teams?

A) They work independently of stakeholders to complete the product
B) They are self-organizing and collaborate frequently with stakeholders to adapt to changing needs
C) They have no fixed roles or responsibilities
D) They rely on a top-down management structure to make decisions

 

What is the purpose of the “Daily Scrum” or “Daily Standup” meeting in Agile?

A) To review the product backlog and plan future sprints
B) To allow each team member to discuss what they did the previous day, what they will do today, and any obstacles they face
C) To discuss the project’s financial status
D) To allocate resources for the next sprint

 

Which of the following is a core characteristic of “Lean Software Development” as an Agile methodology?

A) Focusing on detailed upfront planning and documentation
B) Emphasizing eliminating waste, increasing efficiency, and improving quality in the development process
C) Utilizing a fixed project timeline and budget
D) Focusing on delivering a finished product without iterations

 

Which of the following best describes “Test-Driven Development” (TDD) in Agile?

A) Writing tests after the development phase is completed
B) Writing tests before writing the corresponding code to ensure the code meets the desired functionality
C) Relying on manual testing to ensure the software works correctly
D) Automating the testing process after the product is finished

 

Which of the following is a key benefit of using Agile project management methodologies?

A) It eliminates the need for stakeholder input after the project begins
B) It offers flexibility to respond quickly to changes and evolving requirements
C) It ensures that all project risks are identified and managed upfront
D) It requires a fixed timeline with no scope changes

 

Which of the following is the most suitable technique for managing project work that requires continuous improvements and iterative changes?

A) Waterfall model
B) Scrum
C) Critical Path Method (CPM)
D) PRINCE2

 

What is the main goal of “Continuous Testing” in Agile?

A) To perform testing at the end of each sprint
B) To ensure that quality is maintained through automated and manual testing throughout the entire development cycle
C) To validate the product once it is fully completed
D) To reduce the overall project costs by limiting testing

 

In Agile, what is a “Feature” typically defined as?

A) A small, individual task required to complete a user story
B) A significant product enhancement that adds value to the customer
C) A testing procedure for the software
D) A step in the planning process

 

What does “Cross-Functional Teams” mean in Agile?

A) Teams that specialize in a single aspect of the product
B) Teams that consist of individuals with a wide range of skills, allowing them to handle all aspects of development
C) Teams that work independently of each other to avoid delays
D) Teams that only focus on design or development, without overlapping roles

 

 

What is the primary objective of the “Retrospective” meeting in Agile?

A) To review the product backlog and prioritize upcoming features
B) To evaluate the team’s performance and discuss how to improve processes for the next sprint
C) To demonstrate the completed product increment to stakeholders
D) To assign specific tasks to team members for the next sprint

 

What is the “Definition of Done” (DoD) in Agile?

A) The team’s agreement on when a user story is complete, including all necessary testing, documentation, and approvals
B) A list of all completed tasks in the product backlog
C) The acceptance criteria for all project requirements
D) A final project report that documents all completed features

 

In Agile, what is the typical length of a Sprint?

A) 2-4 weeks
B) 1-2 months
C) 6 months
D) 6 weeks

 

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of “Agile” methodologies?

A) Focus on individuals and interactions over processes and tools
B) Flexibility to adapt to changing requirements
C) Extensive upfront planning
D) Frequent delivery of working software

 

What is “Backlog Refinement” (also known as “Backlog Grooming”) in Agile?

A) Creating new tasks and assigning them to team members
B) Reviewing and updating the product backlog to ensure it reflects current priorities and detailed requirements
C) Defining the project’s long-term goals
D) Assigning a fixed timeline for each feature in the backlog

 

In Agile, what does “Continuous Delivery” refer to?

A) Delivering the product at the end of each project phase
B) Automating the release of small, incremental updates to the product on a regular basis
C) Providing final product documentation to the client
D) Delivering the entire product to the customer after all work is completed

 

Which of the following is a key benefit of using “User Stories” in Agile?

A) They provide a detailed and comprehensive list of project requirements
B) They define customer-facing functionality in simple terms, helping to ensure team focus on user needs
C) They ensure strict adherence to project timelines
D) They outline detailed technical specifications for developers

 

What is the role of the “Development Team” in Agile?

A) To prioritize the product backlog
B) To ensure that the product is delivered within budget
C) To manage stakeholders and communicate progress
D) To collaborate and deliver the work defined in the sprint backlog

 

What is the purpose of the “Product Backlog” in Agile?

A) To list all the tasks that the development team needs to complete within a sprint
B) To track the daily progress of the project
C) To define and prioritize all the work that is required to complete the product
D) To assign specific roles and responsibilities to team members

 

Which Agile methodology uses a “Kanban Board” to visualize the flow of work and limit work in progress?

A) Scrum
B) XP (Extreme Programming)
C) Lean
D) Kanban

 

What does “Agile Scaling” refer to?

A) Increasing the team’s velocity as the project progresses
B) Implementing Agile practices across multiple teams and larger projects while maintaining flexibility and responsiveness
C) Reducing the size of the team to improve efficiency
D) Scaling the project timeline to accommodate more work

 

What is the primary responsibility of the “Scrum Master” in an Agile environment?

A) To set the goals and priorities for the product
B) To ensure that the team follows Scrum practices and removes any impediments to progress
C) To create and manage the product backlog
D) To develop and deploy the software

 

Which of the following is a key principle of the “Lean” methodology?

A) Eliminating waste and improving process efficiency
B) Creating detailed documentation for each project step
C) Delivering all project requirements before starting the project
D) Focusing on large project phases to ensure proper planning

 

Which of the following best describes “Epic” in Agile?

A) A smaller, detailed version of a user story
B) A large user story that can be broken down into smaller stories
C) A sprint goal that summarizes the entire product vision
D) A team’s daily stand-up meeting

 

What is the role of the “Project Manager” in Agile?

A) To enforce strict timelines and deliverables
B) To focus on managing the team, solving problems, and ensuring progress without micromanaging
C) To manage the client’s expectations and control the project scope
D) To assign tasks to individual team members

 

In Agile, what is the primary purpose of “Incremental Development”?

A) To release the entire product at the end of the project
B) To break down the product into smaller, functional components that are delivered and improved upon in iterations
C) To document every phase of the project thoroughly
D) To avoid any changes to the original project scope

 

Which of the following is a primary benefit of using Agile project management in software development?

A) It reduces the need for communication with stakeholders
B) It provides flexibility to adapt to changing requirements and enhances collaboration with customers
C) It eliminates the need for testing during the development process
D) It ensures that the project will be completed according to the original plan

 

In Agile, who is responsible for accepting the work done by the development team during a sprint?

A) The Scrum Master
B) The Project Manager
C) The Product Owner
D) The Development Team

 

What is the purpose of “Sprint Planning”?

A) To evaluate the team’s progress from the previous sprint
B) To allocate resources for the sprint
C) To decide on the sprint goals and determine which user stories to work on during the sprint
D) To review the product’s financials

 

In Agile, what is “T-shaped Skills”?

A) A project management framework
B) A skillset where team members have deep knowledge in one area (the vertical part of the T) and broad knowledge across other areas (the horizontal part of the T)
C) A way of structuring sprint goals
D) A method for splitting user stories into smaller tasks

 

 

Which of the following best defines “Agile Software Development”?

A) A rigid and structured process for software development
B) A development approach that emphasizes flexibility, collaboration, and iterative progress
C) A methodology for creating long-term, waterfall-based development plans
D) A strategy that focuses solely on documentation and planning before development starts

 

In Agile, what is the purpose of the “Daily Stand-up” (also known as the “Daily Scrum”)?

A) To discuss the entire project’s progress with stakeholders
B) To plan the next sprint in detail
C) To allow the team to synchronize their work, report progress, and identify impediments
D) To evaluate the final product and prepare it for release

 

Which of the following describes “User Story Mapping” in Agile?

A) A technique for tracking project budget
B) A method for organizing and prioritizing user stories to create a shared understanding of the product
C) A strategy for designing software architecture
D) A system for dividing large epics into smaller stories

 

Which of the following is a key characteristic of “DevOps” in the context of Agile?

A) It separates development from operations tasks
B) It focuses on automating the software delivery process and fostering collaboration between development and operations teams
C) It emphasizes manual testing over automated testing
D) It is primarily concerned with developing user interface designs

 

What is the role of the “Product Owner” in Agile?

A) To manage the development team and assign tasks
B) To define the product backlog, prioritize features, and represent the customer’s interests
C) To coordinate between the development team and stakeholders
D) To review the sprint outcomes and approve the product

 

What is the “Velocity” of a team in Agile?

A) The rate at which the team completes tasks based on the time spent
B) The total number of tasks assigned in a sprint
C) The number of user stories completed during a sprint
D) The amount of code written by the team in a sprint

 

In Agile, which of the following is considered an “increment”?

A) A detailed project plan for the next six months
B) A small, usable release of the product developed in one sprint
C) The complete product documentation
D) A fixed milestone for a large-scale project

 

Which of the following Agile ceremonies helps ensure that the team stays on track and addresses issues?

A) Sprint Review
B) Daily Stand-up (Daily Scrum)
C) Sprint Planning
D) Sprint Retrospective

 

What does “Fail Fast” mean in Agile?

A) Completing the entire project in one go without any iterative process
B) Identifying issues early in the development process and addressing them quickly to reduce risk
C) Quickly releasing the product to users without testing
D) Aiming for rapid product launches with minimal customer feedback

 

In Agile, what is the main focus during a “Sprint Retrospective”?

A) To demonstrate the product increment to stakeholders
B) To plan the next sprint’s tasks
C) To review the sprint’s progress and discuss improvements for the next sprint
D) To assign roles and responsibilities for the next phase of the project

 

Which of the following Agile frameworks is best suited for projects with uncertain requirements and rapid changes?

A) Scrum
B) Waterfall
C) Lean
D) Kanban

 

What is the key difference between “Scrum” and “Kanban”?

A) Scrum uses fixed iterations (sprints), while Kanban focuses on continuous flow and work-in-progress limits
B) Scrum does not include a product backlog, while Kanban uses one
C) Kanban has fixed roles such as Scrum Master and Product Owner, while Scrum does not
D) Scrum uses continuous delivery, while Kanban works in a batch mode

 

What does “Continuous Integration” (CI) mean in Agile software development?

A) Testing the software only after completing all project phases
B) Integrating new code frequently into the main branch to detect and address issues early
C) Delivering the final product to the customer as quickly as possible
D) Integrating features only at the end of the development process

 

In Agile, which of the following is a key benefit of “Pair Programming”?

A) Increased documentation of software
B) Faster individual work without collaboration
C) Improved code quality and knowledge sharing between team members
D) Reduced communication within the development team

 

What is the purpose of the “Product Increment” in Scrum?

A) To define the sprint backlog
B) To create a potentially shippable version of the product that includes all completed user stories for the sprint
C) To assign roles to team members
D) To review the project budget and expenses

 

Which of the following best describes “Agile Scaling” frameworks?

A) They provide rigid and fixed methodologies for handling large teams and complex projects
B) They adapt Agile principles to larger projects and teams by providing frameworks like SAFe, LeSS, or Nexus
C) They remove the need for any cross-team communication
D) They focus on individual team performance rather than overall project success

 

In Agile, what is the “Product Backlog Grooming” process?

A) Creating a final version of the product at the end of the project
B) Managing the daily tasks and activities of the development team
C) Refining and prioritizing the product backlog to ensure it reflects the current needs and priorities
D) Creating new user stories from completed work

 

What is the best practice for managing a “Cross-Functional Team” in Agile?

A) Assign tasks based on specialized skill sets
B) Ensure that the team works together on all tasks and shares knowledge across roles
C) Focus on technical development alone
D) Let team members work independently without collaboration

 

Which Agile principle emphasizes “Customer Collaboration over Contract Negotiation”?

A) Responding to change over following a plan
B) Delivering working software frequently
C) The 12 Agile Principles
D) Customer satisfaction through continuous delivery of valuable software

 

What is the primary goal of the “Sprint Review” in Agile?

A) To celebrate the completion of the sprint
B) To review the progress and demonstrate the work completed to stakeholders
C) To plan the next sprint’s tasks
D) To finalize project deliverables and documentation

 

 

What is the main purpose of a “Sprint Goal” in Scrum?

A) To outline the complete project timeline
B) To define the purpose and objectives of a sprint, guiding the team’s work and focus
C) To assign tasks to team members based on their roles
D) To determine the final product release date

 

Which of the following best describes “Agile Planning” in the context of software development?

A) Planning the entire project in advance before any development begins
B) Having no plans and improvising as the project progresses
C) Iterative planning where plans are continuously refined based on feedback from previous sprints
D) Creating detailed plans only at the end of the project

 

Which of the following is a responsibility of the Scrum Master?

A) Defining the sprint goal and the work to be done
B) Managing the product backlog
C) Facilitating Scrum events and removing impediments for the team
D) Writing code for the development team

 

Which statement about “Agile Estimation” is true?

A) It uses precise estimates in hours to forecast the total project timeline
B) It involves using relative units like story points or ideal days to estimate work effort
C) It focuses on estimating the budget and resources needed for the entire project
D) It is focused solely on creating a final release date

 

What does “Timeboxing” mean in Agile?

A) Spending a fixed amount of time to complete a specific task or activity
B) Allowing unlimited time for tasks to be completed based on the complexity
C) Focusing on the quality of the product without setting time constraints
D) Defining a fixed set of resources for the entire project

 

In Agile, which of the following best describes “Epic” work items?

A) Detailed descriptions of the project’s final outcome
B) Large user stories that can be broken down into smaller, more manageable stories
C) Completed features or tasks
D) Tasks assigned to the Scrum Master for resolution

 

Which of the following Agile principles emphasizes the importance of early and continuous delivery of valuable software?

A) Delivering working software frequently
B) Responding to change over following a plan
C) Continuous attention to technical excellence
D) Simplicity—the art of maximizing the amount of work not done

 

What is the role of the “Development Team” in Scrum?

A) To manage the product backlog and prioritize tasks
B) To define the sprint goals and the work required for the sprint
C) To develop the product increment during the sprint and ensure the increment is complete
D) To review the performance of the team during the sprint

 

Which of the following is a key benefit of “Continuous Delivery” in Agile?

A) Allowing teams to complete projects without releasing intermediate versions
B) Enabling regular, incremental delivery of software to customers, with quick feedback loops
C) Ensuring that all documentation is completed before the product is delivered
D) Focusing on code development without considering customer feedback

 

What is the main goal of “Value Stream Mapping” in an Agile context?

A) To focus on time management and task deadlines
B) To identify and eliminate waste in the process, improving the flow of value to the customer
C) To plan the final release of the product
D) To assess the product’s overall quality

 

What is the purpose of “Backlog Refinement” in Scrum?

A) To review and finalize the product documentation
B) To prioritize the backlog and ensure that user stories are well-defined and ready for upcoming sprints
C) To plan the budget and resources for the upcoming sprint
D) To assign specific roles to the development team

 

In Agile, what is the significance of “Sprint Retrospectives”?

A) It is used to demonstrate the product increment to stakeholders
B) It is used to review the work completed and plan for the next sprint
C) It is an opportunity for the team to inspect and adapt their processes to improve effectiveness in the next sprint
D) It is a detailed review of the final product

 

Which of the following best defines “Kanban” in the context of Agile project management?

A) A framework for managing large-scale, multi-team projects with a strict workflow
B) A visual method for managing work in progress, with an emphasis on continuous delivery and limiting work in progress
C) A specific methodology for Scrum
D) A method for defining product requirements and specifications

 

Which of the following is a characteristic of “Agile Leadership”?

A) Strong hierarchical control over the project and the team
B) Emphasizing self-organization, collaboration, and enabling the team to succeed
C) Micromanaging the development process
D) Limiting team member autonomy and decision-making

 

What is the “Definition of Done” in Scrum?

A) A document describing the final product requirements
B) A clear set of criteria to ensure that a product increment is complete and meets the team’s quality standards
C) The process of delivering the final version of the product
D) The last step of the project when all work is finalized and delivered

 

Which of the following best describes “Test-Driven Development” (TDD) in Agile?

A) Writing tests after the product is developed to verify the results
B) Writing tests before the code is developed to ensure the product meets specified requirements
C) Testing the software during the final stages of development
D) Ignoring tests and relying solely on manual quality assurance processes

 

Which Agile methodology emphasizes the importance of small, cross-functional teams that work on specific tasks over extended periods?

A) Scrum
B) Kanban
C) Lean
D) XP (Extreme Programming)

 

Which of the following best defines the “Product Backlog” in Scrum?

A) A list of completed features and tasks for a project
B) A prioritized list of user stories, features, and tasks that need to be worked on in future sprints
C) A detailed project plan with deadlines and milestones
D) A list of team members and their specific tasks

 

Which of the following is the primary focus of “Lean Software Development” in Agile?

A) Minimizing project costs and maximizing team efficiency by eliminating waste
B) Maximizing the number of features in each release
C) Delivering the product with minimal customer involvement
D) Focusing on documentation and long-term planning

 

Which of the following best describes “Collaboration” in Agile project management?

A) The team members work independently without any communication
B) The team collaborates with stakeholders and customers to ensure alignment with product needs
C) Each team member works on separate tasks without any need for cooperation
D) The collaboration process is only for the final product release

 

 

In the context of Agile project management, what is a “user story”?

A) A detailed technical specification document for the software
B) A brief, informal description of a feature or functionality from the perspective of the user
C) A description of the complete project timeline
D) A list of tasks to be completed by the development team

 

Which of the following best describes the “Minimum Viable Product” (MVP)?

A) A product that includes every possible feature, regardless of the customer’s needs
B) The smallest version of a product that can be released to test its core functionality with customers
C) A product released without any customer feedback or testing
D) A fully developed product ready for mass release

 

What does the term “Cross-Functional Team” mean in Agile?

A) A team that focuses on a single department or function
B) A team composed of members with a variety of skills, allowing them to complete all aspects of the product development
C) A team made up of only senior-level employees
D) A team that works exclusively on the final phase of the project

 

Which of the following is true about the “Product Owner” role in Scrum?

A) The Product Owner is responsible for coding the software
B) The Product Owner defines the vision and priority of the product backlog and communicates with stakeholders
C) The Product Owner manages the Scrum Master and the development team
D) The Product Owner leads daily stand-up meetings

 

Which of the following statements best describes the Agile principle of “Responding to Change”?

A) Changes are discouraged to maintain the original project plan
B) Changes are embraced and responded to quickly in order to adapt to evolving customer needs
C) Changes are only allowed after the project is completed
D) Changes are handled only by senior management

 

What is the primary objective of a “Sprint Review” in Scrum?

A) To inspect and adapt the development process for the next sprint
B) To present the increment and gather feedback from stakeholders and customers
C) To assign new tasks to the team
D) To decide on the next sprint’s goals and backlog items

 

What is “Value Stream Mapping” used for in Agile?

A) To track and visualize the costs associated with each project
B) To identify the flow of value through a process and highlight areas for improvement
C) To define the product backlog items
D) To map the roles and responsibilities of team members

 

In Agile, which of the following is the most important factor in delivering successful projects?

A) Strictly following the project plan
B) Delivering the product on time, regardless of quality
C) Continuous customer collaboration and feedback throughout the project
D) Focusing on documentation rather than software development

 

Which of the following is the focus of the “XP” (Extreme Programming) methodology in Agile?

A) Focusing solely on documentation
B) Delivering working software through close collaboration between developers and customers
C) Using extensive project management techniques
D) Prioritizing budget and resource allocation over team collaboration

 

Which of the following best describes the “Sprint Planning” meeting in Scrum?

A) A meeting held at the end of the sprint to discuss lessons learned
B) A meeting where the team defines the sprint goal and selects user stories from the backlog to work on
C) A meeting where the team creates detailed project timelines for the entire project
D) A meeting where team members are assigned tasks for the sprint

 

What does the “Agile Manifesto” emphasize as one of its four core values?

A) Processes and tools over individuals and interactions
B) Comprehensive documentation over working software
C) Responding to change over following a plan
D) Contract negotiation over customer collaboration

 

What does the term “Timebox” refer to in Agile?

A) The time required to complete a project
B) The limit placed on a specific Agile activity, such as a sprint or meeting
C) The total number of hours assigned to each project task
D) The time allowed for the team to brainstorm new ideas

 

What is the key benefit of using “Scrum Boards” in Agile?

A) To assign individual tasks to team members
B) To visually track the progress of user stories, tasks, and other work items during a sprint
C) To create detailed technical specifications for the software
D) To plan the product release date

 

Which of the following is a major advantage of Agile software development?

A) It provides a rigid, step-by-step process that guarantees project success
B) It allows for frequent delivery of working software and continuous feedback from stakeholders
C) It prioritizes following the original project plan at all costs
D) It eliminates the need for customer involvement throughout the project

 

What is the purpose of the “Daily Stand-up” meeting in Scrum?

A) To review and analyze project financials
B) To discuss the overall product vision
C) To allow the team to share their progress, identify impediments, and plan the work for the day
D) To define new product features for the next sprint

 

Which of the following best describes “Agile Metrics”?

A) Tools used to track team performance and project progress, such as velocity and burndown charts
B) A set of predefined budget goals for each sprint
C) Documentation guidelines for the project
D) A detailed risk assessment plan for the entire project

 

Which of the following is a key principle of “Lean Software Development”?

A) Eliminate waste, improve quality, and deliver faster by focusing on what adds value
B) Deliver as many features as possible, regardless of customer needs
C) Complete the project in the shortest time possible without feedback
D) Prioritize cost reduction over quality

 

Which of the following best describes the “Definition of Done” in Scrum?

A) The criteria for determining when a task has been fully completed and is ready for delivery
B) A document listing the tasks to be completed in each sprint
C) A list of bugs and issues found during testing
D) A meeting held after the sprint to discuss the project status

 

What does the “Burndown Chart” in Scrum show?

A) The total budget allocated for the sprint
B) The remaining work to be completed in the sprint, shown as a downward trend
C) The final product release date
D) The number of tasks completed at the start of the sprint

 

What is the key feature of “Kanban” in Agile?

A) Working in sprints with defined roles for each team member
B) Limiting the work in progress and ensuring continuous flow of tasks through the system
C) Prioritizing the final product release over customer feedback
D) Strictly following a detailed project plan

 

 

Which of the following is a key benefit of Agile project management?

A) Reduces the need for customer involvement
B) Allows teams to adapt quickly to changes and deliver value frequently
C) Focuses on completing all work upfront before starting the project
D) Prioritizes creating detailed documentation for every stage of the project

 

In Agile, who is responsible for managing the product backlog?

A) The Scrum Master
B) The Product Owner
C) The Development Team
D) The Project Manager

 

What is the main goal of the “Sprint Retrospective” in Scrum?

A) To define the sprint goal for the next iteration
B) To inspect and adapt the development process, identify improvement opportunities
C) To present the completed product increment to stakeholders
D) To allocate the team’s tasks for the next sprint

 

Which Agile methodology focuses on delivering small, incremental improvements to the product through iterative development?

A) Waterfall
B) Scrum
C) PRINCE2
D) Lean Six Sigma

 

What is the “Product Backlog” in Scrum?

A) A list of completed tasks and user stories
B) A prioritized list of features, enhancements, and bug fixes needed for the product
C) A set of development guidelines for the Scrum team
D) A list of all meetings planned for the project

 

What is the primary purpose of a “Sprint” in Scrum?

A) To deliver the final product to the customer
B) To complete the product documentation
C) To develop a potentially shippable increment of the product
D) To hold status meetings with stakeholders

 

In Agile, what does the term “Velocity” refer to?

A) The total amount of time needed to complete the entire project
B) The speed at which the team develops new software
C) The amount of work completed during a sprint, measured in story points or hours
D) The time it takes to deploy the product into production

 

Which of the following is an example of an “Agile Principle” under the Agile Manifesto?

A) Prioritize comprehensive documentation over working software
B) Welcome changing requirements, even late in development
C) Deliver working software at the end of the project
D) Strictly follow the original project plan

 

What is the purpose of the “Increment” in Scrum?

A) To define the requirements for the next sprint
B) To create a fully functional product ready for release
C) To provide a potentially shippable product that adds value for the customer
D) To allocate resources for the next sprint

 

Which of the following is the responsibility of the “Scrum Master”?

A) Defining the project budget and resources
B) Managing the product backlog and setting priorities
C) Facilitating Scrum events, removing impediments, and helping the team adhere to Scrum principles
D) Deciding which features will be developed next

 

Which of the following best describes “User Stories” in Agile?

A) Detailed project documentation specifying all requirements
B) A tool for managing project schedules
C) Short, simple descriptions of a feature told from the perspective of the end user
D) Technical specifications for product features

 

What is the primary purpose of the “Daily Scrum” (Daily Stand-up) meeting?

A) To present the project to stakeholders
B) To assess progress, identify roadblocks, and plan the day’s work
C) To conduct detailed task breakdowns for the team
D) To review the completed user stories

 

Which of the following is a characteristic of the “Kanban” method in Agile?

A) Fixed-length iterations with a predefined set of tasks
B) Limiting work in progress and visualizing the flow of tasks through the system
C) A focus on complete documentation for each user story
D) Continuous testing and feedback from customers

 

What is the key difference between “Scrum” and “Kanban”?

A) Scrum uses time-boxed sprints, while Kanban does not have fixed iterations
B) Scrum requires detailed project documentation, while Kanban does not
C) Kanban teams follow strict role definitions, while Scrum teams do not
D) Scrum is primarily focused on large projects, while Kanban is used for small teams

 

Which of the following best describes the “Definition of Done” (DoD) in Scrum?

A) The criteria used to define when a product release is completed
B) The process for assigning tasks to team members
C) The acceptance criteria for individual user stories or product backlog items
D) The guidelines for preparing product documentation

 

What is the role of the “Development Team” in Scrum?

A) To set the sprint goals and priorities
B) To implement the product backlog items and create the product increment
C) To provide input on the product backlog and attend the Scrum ceremonies
D) To remove impediments and facilitate Scrum events

 

Which of the following Agile frameworks emphasizes continuous delivery, feedback, and collaboration between teams, including software developers and operations teams?

A) Scrum
B) PRINCE2
C) DevOps
D) Lean

 

In Agile, what does the term “T-shaped skills” refer to?

A) Skills related to a specific Agile framework
B) Team members having deep expertise in one area and broad knowledge in other areas
C) A model for defining product features
D) The skills required for managing a project budget

 

Which of the following is a common practice in Agile methodologies to improve team collaboration and communication?

A) Using extensive formal documentation for each stage of the project
B) Conducting regular stand-up meetings to discuss progress and identify issues
C) Releasing the product only after all features are fully developed
D) Assigning all tasks to a single team member to ensure completion

 

Which Agile principle promotes delivering the product in small, working increments?

A) Delivering working software frequently, with a preference for shorter timescales
B) Delivering the final product after all phases are complete
C) Focusing on large-scale releases to reduce overhead
D) Relying on external testing for quality assurance

 

 

Which of the following is true regarding Agile teams?

A) Agile teams are highly specialized and work in silos.
B) Agile teams require less interaction with customers compared to traditional teams.
C) Agile teams are cross-functional, self-organizing, and collaborative.
D) Agile teams typically work with rigid, predefined processes and timelines.

 

What is the role of a “Product Owner” in an Agile Scrum team?

A) To oversee the development of the product and manage resources
B) To define and prioritize the product backlog based on customer and business needs
C) To lead the Scrum meetings and ensure that the team adheres to Scrum principles
D) To develop and test the product features and functionalities

 

What is a “Sprint Goal” in Scrum?

A) A list of all the tasks the team will complete during a sprint
B) A single, specific objective that the team aims to achieve during the sprint
C) A list of features and enhancements to be developed in the project
D) The criteria for determining if the project is complete

 

What does the Agile principle “Customer collaboration over contract negotiation” emphasize?

A) Signing a formal contract before beginning the project
B) Minimizing the customer’s involvement in the development process
C) Building a strong relationship with the customer and being flexible to changes
D) Focusing solely on delivering the final product

 

In Scrum, when should the “Sprint Review” meeting take place?

A) At the end of the sprint, to review the work completed and get feedback from stakeholders
B) At the beginning of the sprint, to define the sprint backlog
C) After the daily stand-up, to review individual tasks
D) Only once, at the end of the entire project

 

Which of the following Agile tools helps track progress and visualize workflow by showing tasks in columns?

A) Burndown Chart
B) Gantt Chart
C) Kanban Board
D) PERT Chart

 

What is a key difference between Scrum and Lean?

A) Scrum focuses on completing all tasks before moving to the next, while Lean focuses on eliminating waste and maximizing flow.
B) Scrum teams must always release product increments at the end of each sprint, while Lean does not focus on releases.
C) Lean focuses on detailed project documentation, while Scrum emphasizes working software.
D) Scrum involves longer cycles, whereas Lean uses short iterations only.

 

Which of the following best describes the “Product Backlog Grooming” (also known as refinement)?

A) The process of creating a detailed project plan with specific deadlines and resource allocations
B) The process of reviewing and prioritizing the product backlog to ensure it is clear and ready for future sprints
C) The process of conducting performance reviews for the development team
D) The process of creating high-level features for the entire project

 

Which of the following statements about Agile development is correct?

A) Agile development requires extensive documentation at every step of the process.
B) Agile projects focus on delivering the product’s features in small, frequent increments.
C) Agile methods strictly prohibit changes to project requirements.
D) Agile teams follow rigid plans with little to no flexibility.

 

Which Agile methodology places a heavy emphasis on small, cross-functional teams and continuous delivery of value to the customer?

A) Waterfall
B) Lean
C) Scrum
D) XP (Extreme Programming)

 

What does “Shippable” mean in the context of Scrum?

A) The product is fully finished and is ready for final delivery to the customer.
B) The product increment is complete and could potentially be released, even if not immediately.
C) The product is packaged and ready for distribution to external vendors.
D) The product is at a stage where no further development is needed.

 

What is the purpose of the “Burndown Chart” in Agile?

A) To track the number of resources used during the sprint
B) To visualize the team’s progress and show how much work remains to be done
C) To allocate tasks among the team members
D) To display detailed user stories

 

In Agile, what is a “Spike”?

A) A product feature that is being developed at high priority
B) A short, time-boxed research activity to gather information or reduce uncertainty about a technical issue
C) A tool used to track progress in the project
D) A fixed user story that is planned for future sprints

 

Which of the following is true about Agile teams’ interaction with stakeholders?

A) Agile teams interact with stakeholders only at the beginning and end of the project.
B) Agile teams collaborate regularly with stakeholders to gather feedback and refine the product.
C) Agile teams do not involve stakeholders in the development process.
D) Agile teams involve stakeholders only during the sprint review meetings.

 

What is a “Kanban Board” used for in Agile?

A) To track the project’s financial budget
B) To manage the project’s resource allocation
C) To visualize the flow of tasks and track their progress across different stages
D) To present the final project product to stakeholders

 

Which statement best describes the concept of “Continuous Improvement” in Agile?

A) The process of improving only the product, not the development process
B) Constantly improving both the product and the way the team works, through regular feedback and retrospectives
C) Keeping the development process the same and focusing solely on the product features
D) Improving the project schedule through a series of phases

 

What is meant by “Pair Programming” in the context of Agile?

A) Two developers work together on the same task, with one coding and the other reviewing and suggesting improvements
B) A single developer works on multiple tasks in parallel
C) Developers alternate coding in pairs to finish tasks faster
D) Developers work in teams of three to complete tasks more efficiently

 

What is the significance of “Timeboxing” in Agile?

A) Ensures that work is completed without any time constraints
B) Sets a maximum time for a task or activity to prevent scope creep and help the team focus
C) Allows tasks to be completed at any pace, without predefined time limits
D) Requires all tasks to be completed within an equal amount of time

 

Which of the following statements is correct regarding Agile’s response to change?

A) Agile welcomes changes at any stage of the development process, even late in the project.
B) Agile projects discourage changes once the project begins.
C) Agile teams must strictly follow the original project plan and cannot adapt.
D) Changes are only allowed during the planning phase of the project.

 

 

In Agile, what is the primary focus of the “Sprint Retrospective”?

A) To assess the business value of the features completed during the sprint
B) To review the team’s progress toward the product backlog
C) To reflect on the sprint process and identify improvements for future sprints
D) To conduct a final review of the entire project

 

What is a key benefit of using “Kanban” in Agile project management?

A) It focuses on strict deadlines and fixed timelines
B) It provides a way to visualize work, manage flow, and reduce waste by limiting work in progress
C) It is used exclusively for software development teams
D) It tracks the overall project cost and budget

 

What is a “User Story” in Agile?

A) A technical document outlining the features to be developed
B) A brief, non-technical description of a feature or functionality from the user’s perspective
C) A detailed project plan that outlines all tasks for the team
D) A list of all the resources required for the project

 

Which of the following is a responsibility of the Scrum Master?

A) Creating the product backlog
B) Deciding on the sprint priorities
C) Ensuring that the team follows Scrum practices and removes any impediments to progress
D) Allocating the team’s budget and resources

 

In the context of Agile, what does the term “Velocity” refer to?

A) The speed at which the team completes the project
B) The amount of work completed by the team in a given sprint, measured in story points or work units
C) The rate at which a product is sold or distributed
D) The time it takes to develop a single user story

 

Which of the following is an essential characteristic of a successful Agile team?

A) The team members are assigned fixed roles and responsibilities that do not change throughout the project
B) The team works in isolation and only communicates with the product owner
C) The team is cross-functional, self-organizing, and collaborates to deliver the product increment
D) The team strictly follows a predefined set of processes and methodologies

 

What is “Test-Driven Development” (TDD) in Agile?

A) A process of testing the product only after all the features are developed
B) A practice where developers write automated tests before writing the corresponding code to pass the tests
C) A technique used to document testing results
D) A process used to assign testing tasks to separate teams

 

What is the purpose of “Sprint Planning” in Scrum?

A) To define the overall project timeline and budget
B) To prioritize and select the items from the product backlog that the team will work on during the sprint
C) To evaluate the performance of the product owner
D) To discuss the team’s long-term goals and future releases

 

In Agile, what does the term “Backlog Refinement” refer to?

A) The process of completing all the tasks in the backlog
B) The activity of reviewing and updating the backlog to ensure it is accurate, prioritized, and ready for future sprints
C) The process of refining the project budget and timeline
D) The creation of a new backlog for the next release

 

What is the role of the “Development Team” in Scrum?

A) To create the product backlog and define project priorities
B) To participate in daily stand-ups and sprint reviews only
C) To develop and deliver the product increment during each sprint
D) To manage the project’s financials and resources

 

Which of the following best describes “Agile Software Development”?

A) A process where the software is developed all at once and then tested for bugs
B) A method of software development that focuses on creating working software in small, incremental releases, allowing for frequent changes
C) A methodology that uses rigid project plans and timelines
D) A model that focuses on documentation and paperwork for every stage of development

 

What does the term “Increment” mean in Scrum?

A) A single unit of work that is completed in one sprint
B) The final product at the end of the project
C) The sum of all the product backlog items completed during a sprint, which is a potentially shippable product
D) A list of resources required for the sprint

 

Which of the following best describes the “Definition of Done” (DoD) in Scrum?

A) The product is only “done” when it passes all quality assurance tests
B) It is a shared understanding of the team and the product owner regarding the criteria that must be met for a backlog item to be considered complete
C) The product is done when the customer is satisfied with the features
D) The work is done only when the project is fully delivered to the customer

 

What is a key difference between Scrum and traditional project management methods?

A) Scrum has a rigid structure that does not allow for changes during the project
B) Scrum focuses on adaptive planning and continuous improvement rather than sticking to a fixed, predefined plan
C) Scrum is used only for software projects, while traditional methods can be used for any type of project
D) Scrum requires detailed project documentation at every stage

 

What is “Continuous Delivery” in Agile?

A) The ability to release the product only at the end of the project
B) The practice of making the software available to the customer as soon as it is developed, with frequent and small updates
C) The process of delivering a product at regular, fixed intervals
D) The practice of waiting until all features are completed before releasing the product

 

In Agile, what is a “Feature Toggle”?

A) A tool used to toggle between different project management tools
B) A way to release a feature in the software but keep it inactive until it is needed
C) A practice to toggle between different team members working on a feature
D) A method of testing the software by toggling its features on and off

 

What does the term “Minimum Viable Product” (MVP) mean in Agile?

A) The product with the highest number of features, ensuring full customer satisfaction
B) The product version that contains only the essential features that are needed to solve the core problem
C) The product that is developed after completing all sprints
D) The final version of the product, ready for launch

 

Which of the following is true about “Agile Estimations”?

A) Agile teams use detailed and precise estimations for each task, down to the minute level
B) Agile estimations use techniques like story points or t-shirt sizes, focusing on relative effort instead of exact time
C) Agile estimations are never revisited or adjusted during the project
D) Agile teams rely solely on expert opinions for estimations, without involving the team

 

Which of the following is an example of an Agile “Value Stream”?

A) A flowchart that depicts the entire project timeline
B) A series of interconnected activities that add value and help deliver a product to the customer
C) A list of project goals and objectives
D) A series of meetings where stakeholders discuss project progress

 

What is the role of the “Agile Coach”?

A) To manage the project budget and schedule
B) To help the team and organization adopt Agile principles, practices, and mindset
C) To act as a project manager in Agile teams
D) To create the product backlog and prioritize tasks

 

 

Which of the following is a primary responsibility of the Product Owner in Scrum?

A) To manage the development team and ensure they follow Scrum practices
B) To create and prioritize the product backlog, ensuring the team works on the most valuable features first
C) To assign tasks to team members based on their expertise
D) To define the project budget and timeline

 

In the context of Agile, what does the term “Continuous Integration” refer to?

A) The process of delivering the final product at the end of the project
B) The practice of merging code changes into a shared repository frequently, typically multiple times a day, to detect issues early
C) The process of integrating all project documents into a central repository
D) The process of regularly integrating customer feedback into the product design

 

Which of the following best describes a “Sprint Goal” in Scrum?

A) A set of tasks that must be completed by the end of the sprint
B) A high-level objective that defines what the team aims to achieve in a sprint, guiding the work and decisions during the sprint
C) A detailed list of user stories for the sprint
D) A goal related only to the performance metrics of the team

 

What is the purpose of the “Product Backlog” in Scrum?

A) To list all the tasks completed by the development team
B) To record defects and bugs identified during the project
C) To capture and prioritize all work that needs to be done for the product, including features, fixes, and improvements
D) To define the project’s financial and resource management strategy

 

Which of the following is a characteristic of an Agile team?

A) The team works in isolation from stakeholders
B) The team is highly cross-functional, meaning it includes members with a variety of skills needed to deliver the product increment
C) The team is divided into specialized units based on the technology used
D) The team works only in the planning phase, with little day-to-day involvement after that

 

What is the “Burndown Chart” in Scrum used for?

A) To track the overall budget and expenses of the project
B) To visually represent the amount of work remaining in the sprint or project over time
C) To measure the speed of delivery of individual features
D) To track the number of bugs reported and fixed

 

Which of the following Agile principles is focused on delivering working software frequently?

A) Agile processes promote sustainable development
B) Deliver working software frequently, with a preference for a shorter timescale
C) Simplicity—the art of maximizing the amount of work not done—is essential
D) Customer collaboration over contract negotiation

 

Which of the following best describes the “Sprint Review” in Scrum?

A) A meeting where the team discusses individual performance and achievements
B) A session where the development team demonstrates the increment to the stakeholders and discusses feedback
C) A meeting to review the team’s financial and resource expenditures
D) A discussion to resolve any conflict within the team

 

What is the main purpose of “Agile Ceremonies”?

A) To provide a structured approach for meeting customer demands
B) To facilitate regular communication, collaboration, and continuous improvement within the team
C) To ensure that the team meets the project deadlines
D) To ensure that each task is documented thoroughly before starting work

 

What is the “Definition of Ready” (DoR) in Agile?

A) A checklist that determines when an item is ready to be worked on by the development team, ensuring it has all necessary information and is clear
B) A list of all tasks that need to be completed before the project begins
C) A set of criteria that must be met before the team can finalize the project
D) A list of stakeholders who are ready to be consulted at each stage of the project

 

Which of the following best describes the concept of “Timeboxing” in Agile?

A) The process of setting a fixed time period for a specific activity or sprint and ensuring that work is completed within that time frame
B) The method of dividing work into time-based units without concern for deadlines
C) The practice of assigning fixed time durations to each task in the project
D) The practice of tracking project costs and expenses within a fixed time period

 

Which Agile method emphasizes a collaborative and flexible approach to building products with continuous stakeholder involvement?

A) Waterfall
B) Scrum
C) Lean
D) Kanban

 

In an Agile project, which of the following is the primary role of the Scrum Master during the Daily Scrum meeting?

A) To manage the progress of the sprint by assigning tasks
B) To help remove any impediments that are preventing the team from moving forward
C) To provide the team with updates about the overall project status
D) To conduct detailed project reviews with stakeholders

 

What does the concept of “Servant Leadership” refer to in the context of Agile?

A) A leadership style where the leader prioritizes serving the needs of the team, enabling them to work more effectively and collaboratively
B) A leadership style where the leader manages every detail of the project
C) A leadership style where the leader delegates all decision-making to the stakeholders
D) A leadership style where the leader focuses solely on the delivery of features

 

What is the difference between “Agile” and “Waterfall” project management?

A) Agile is a non-iterative, rigid process, while Waterfall is iterative and flexible
B) Agile allows for flexibility and continuous improvement, while Waterfall follows a sequential, rigid plan
C) Agile emphasizes detailed upfront planning, while Waterfall does not require any initial planning
D) Agile is only used for software projects, while Waterfall can be used for any type of project

 

What is the “Test-Driven Development” (TDD) approach in Agile?

A) Writing tests after the code has been written to ensure its correctness
B) Writing automated tests before writing the actual code to ensure the code meets the required functionality
C) Writing code and then testing it manually to find bugs
D) Writing tests without writing any code to ensure that the product can be easily tested

 

What is the main goal of the “Sprint Goal” in Scrum?

A) To define all the tasks that need to be completed by the end of the sprint
B) To provide the development team with a clear focus on what they need to achieve during the sprint
C) To prioritize the product backlog based on the sprint’s progress
D) To measure the overall project success after each sprint

 

 

Which of the following best describes the concept of “Value Stream Mapping” in Agile?

A) A technique used to track team member performance across various projects
B) A tool to identify and eliminate waste in a project by visualizing the flow of value from start to finish
C) A method to prioritize user stories based on customer feedback
D) A way to map out all the stakeholders involved in a project

 

Which of the following is a key benefit of using “Pair Programming” in Agile?

A) It reduces the need for code reviews and testing
B) It helps increase collaboration and knowledge sharing between team members, improving code quality
C) It allows team members to work independently and avoid distractions
D) It accelerates the sprint cycle by having two people work on one task at once

 

Which Agile framework emphasizes continuous delivery and emphasizes the importance of a cross-functional team working together throughout the project?

A) Waterfall
B) Scrum
C) Lean
D) Extreme Programming (XP)

 

What is a key characteristic of a “Kanban” board used in Agile?

A) It is used to map the entire project lifecycle in a sequential order
B) It visually represents the flow of tasks, showing each task’s status and limiting the number of tasks in progress
C) It organizes tasks based on priority and assigns them to specific team members
D) It tracks team performance against time constraints

 

What is the main purpose of a “Sprint Retrospective” meeting in Scrum?

A) To showcase the work completed during the sprint to stakeholders
B) To reflect on the sprint process and identify areas of improvement for the next sprint
C) To assign new roles to team members for the next sprint
D) To define the tasks for the next sprint

 

In Agile, which of the following is considered the most important form of documentation?

A) Detailed project plans and timelines
B) Working software that meets customer needs
C) Comprehensive user manuals and help guides
D) Product roadmaps and strategic plans

 

What is a “Spike” in the context of Agile?

A) A period of time dedicated to completing a specific task or feature
B) A time-boxed research or investigation activity aimed at answering a question or reducing uncertainty in a user story
C) A sudden surge in the number of tasks to be completed in a sprint
D) A quick demo of a new feature to the customer

 

What does the term “Minimum Viable Product” (MVP) mean in Agile?

A) The most basic form of the product that can be released, containing only essential features to meet the market’s needs
B) A product with all features implemented and fully tested
C) The complete version of the product that can be sold to the customers
D) The initial prototype that serves as the basis for future product development

 

Which of the following Agile methodologies uses “stories” to break down product features into smaller, manageable tasks?

A) Scrum
B) Lean
C) Kanban
D) Extreme Programming (XP)

 

What does the “Definition of Done” (DoD) refer to in Scrum?

A) The process of starting the next sprint after the previous one is completed
B) A checklist that defines when a user story or product increment is considered fully complete and ready for delivery
C) A series of steps to follow to resolve project conflicts
D) The process of defining user stories at the start of the project

 

What does “Iterative Development” mean in Agile?

A) Completing all project work in a single iteration
B) Repeating the development process multiple times, with each iteration resulting in a functional product increment
C) Starting from scratch after each iteration
D) Reworking the entire product after the initial version is delivered

 

In Scrum, who is responsible for ensuring that the team works according to the Scrum framework and adheres to its values?

A) The Product Owner
B) The Scrum Master
C) The Development Team
D) The Project Manager

 

Which of the following is the main objective of Agile planning?

A) To define a rigid, fixed timeline for the project
B) To create detailed, exhaustive documentation for the entire project
C) To plan incrementally and adjust as new information and feedback become available throughout the project
D) To assign tasks to individual team members and track their completion

 

In an Agile environment, which of the following is most important when deciding whether to move a feature from one sprint to the next?

A) The total number of features in the current sprint
B) The criticality and value of the feature to the customer or end-user
C) The speed at which the team can finish the feature
D) The resources available in the next sprint

 

Which of the following Agile practices is focused on delivering the most valuable features first to maximize customer value?

A) Continuous Integration
B) Prioritizing the product backlog based on value
C) Using pair programming for all tasks
D) Conducting daily stand-ups

 

Which of the following is true about Agile retrospectives?

A) They are held at the end of each sprint to review the project budget
B) They focus on identifying and fixing defects in the product
C) They are used to reflect on the process and identify areas for improvement in the team’s work
D) They are held only when a project milestone is achieved

 

What is the role of the Scrum Master in terms of the team’s productivity?

A) To assign specific tasks to individual team members
B) To ensure the team has the necessary tools and resources and remove any impediments that hinder progress
C) To dictate the daily schedule and workload for the team
D) To monitor the quality of code and ensure it meets standards

 

Which Agile value is focused on prioritizing customer feedback over comprehensive documentation?

A) Individuals and interactions over processes and tools
B) Customer collaboration over contract negotiation
C) Responding to change over following a plan
D) Working software over comprehensive documentation

 

Which Agile framework focuses on maintaining a continuous flow of work by limiting work in progress (WIP) and visualizing task statuses on a Kanban board?

A) Scrum
B) Lean
C) Extreme Programming (XP)
D) Kanban

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