NCLEX Caring for the Cancer Survivor Practice Exam

NCLEX Caring for the Cancer Survivor Practice Exam

 

Which of the following is a common long-term side effect of cancer treatment?

A) Decreased bone density
B) Increased lung capacity
C) Enhanced immune function
D) Reduced risk of secondary cancers

 

A cancer survivor is experiencing persistent fatigue after treatment. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize?

A) Encourage increased physical activity
B) Ensure a high-protein diet
C) Advise the patient to rest frequently
D) Monitor vital signs for signs of infection

 

What is an essential component of follow-up care for cancer survivors?

A) Routine imaging to detect recurrences
B) Maintenance chemotherapy for life
C) Referral for genetic counseling
D) Annual physical exams and screenings for late effects

 

A patient with a history of breast cancer is reporting pain in their upper arm. Which condition is the nurse most concerned about?

A) Post-mastectomy lymphedema
B) Musculoskeletal strain
C) Metastatic bone pain
D) Cardiac-related pain

 

Which of the following should be included in the care plan for a cancer survivor experiencing anxiety?

A) Encourage avoidance of social interactions
B) Promote relaxation techniques and stress management
C) Suggest the patient discontinue follow-up care
D) Recommend immediate pharmacological intervention

 

The nurse is educating a cancer survivor about managing late effects. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?

A) “I will monitor for changes in my skin and nails.”
B) “I need to follow up with my oncologist regularly.”
C) “I should avoid exercise to prevent fatigue.”
D) “I will continue regular screenings for other types of cancer.”

 

Which of the following is a risk factor for secondary cancers in cancer survivors?

A) Aging
B) History of smoking
C) Exposure to chemotherapy or radiation
D) Family history of cancer

 

A cancer survivor who had chemotherapy six months ago reports numbness and tingling in their fingers. What is the nurse’s most appropriate action?

A) Reassure the patient that it is a normal side effect of aging
B) Suggest the patient avoid using their hands for a few days
C) Assess the patient’s neurologic status and report the symptoms to the oncologist
D) Recommend the patient increase fluid intake

 

Which of the following should be a priority goal when caring for a cancer survivor?

A) Prevent recurrence of cancer
B) Maximize functional recovery and quality of life
C) Ensure that no further treatment is required
D) Maintain a strict diet and exercise regimen

 

A cancer survivor who received radiation therapy for head and neck cancer reports dry mouth. Which intervention should the nurse recommend?

A) Increase fluid intake and use saliva substitutes
B) Limit oral hygiene to once daily
C) Encourage sucking on hard candy to increase saliva production
D) Recommend use of alcohol-based mouthwash

 

A cancer survivor with a history of colon cancer asks if they should undergo genetic testing. The nurse should:

A) Advise the patient against genetic testing, as it is not recommended for cancer survivors
B) Provide information about the benefits and limitations of genetic testing and refer to a genetic counselor
C) Reassure the patient that genetic testing is not necessary for their situation
D) Suggest genetic testing only if the cancer recurs

 

The nurse is caring for a cancer survivor who is experiencing depression. Which of the following is the most important intervention?

A) Encourage the patient to remain active in their community
B) Refer the patient for counseling or support groups
C) Increase the patient’s exercise program
D) Recommend medication as the primary treatment

 

Which of the following is the most appropriate action for a nurse caring for a cancer survivor at risk for osteoporosis due to treatment?

A) Encourage weight-bearing exercises
B) Suggest high-fat, low-calcium foods
C) Recommend avoiding any form of physical activity
D) Limit the intake of vitamin D

 

Which lifestyle change should a cancer survivor make to reduce the risk of secondary cancers?

A) Quit smoking and limit alcohol consumption
B) Increase dietary intake of red meat
C) Reduce fluid intake to prevent kidney damage
D) Avoid all forms of physical activity

 

A patient recovering from cancer treatment is concerned about weight gain. The nurse should suggest which intervention to help manage weight?

A) A low-fat, high-calorie diet
B) An exercise regimen tailored to their ability
C) Restricting fluid intake to prevent bloating
D) Strict bed rest to conserve energy

 

A cancer survivor is experiencing early signs of lymphedema. What action should the nurse recommend?

A) Begin wearing compression garments immediately
B) Engage in regular physical exercise to promote lymph drainage
C) Avoid any type of physical activity or movement
D) Take diuretics to reduce fluid retention

 

The nurse is assessing a cancer survivor’s nutrition. What should the nurse prioritize?

A) Ensuring the patient follows a high-protein, high-calorie diet
B) Recommending a strict low-fat diet
C) Monitoring for weight loss and muscle wasting
D) Advising the patient to avoid all carbohydrates

 

A cancer survivor is concerned about fertility following treatment. Which of the following is the best recommendation?

A) Fertility may be permanently impaired; no interventions are possible
B) Consider sperm or egg banking before starting treatment if fertility preservation is a concern
C) Fertility will return to normal after the conclusion of chemotherapy
D) Fertility issues are rare after cancer treatment

 

Which of the following is a common psychological challenge for cancer survivors?

A) Reliving traumatic memories from treatment
B) Complete resolution of all stressors
C) Increased social isolation
D) Excessive optimism about their health

 

A cancer survivor asks the nurse how to manage skin changes related to radiation therapy. The nurse should suggest:

A) Avoiding all skin care products
B) Applying heavy lotions and ointments to the affected areas
C) Gently moisturizing the skin and avoiding tight clothing
D) Using only medicated creams prescribed by the physician

 

A cancer survivor is experiencing difficulty swallowing after treatment for throat cancer. What should the nurse recommend?

A) Avoid solid foods and only consume liquids
B) Consult a speech therapist for swallowing exercises
C) Drink large quantities of fluids with each meal
D) Continue eating regular foods without modifications

 

Which type of cancer screening is recommended for a lung cancer survivor who has quit smoking?

A) Annual colonoscopy
B) Low-dose CT scans for lung cancer recurrence
C) Pap smears every year
D) Mammograms every two years

 

A cancer survivor expresses concern about pain management. Which approach should the nurse recommend for chronic pain following treatment?

A) Use over-the-counter pain relievers exclusively
B) Focus solely on non-pharmacological interventions
C) Collaborate with a pain management specialist to develop a comprehensive plan
D) Ignore the pain as it will resolve on its own

 

What is the role of the nurse in educating cancer survivors about late effects of treatment?

A) To provide all medical answers regarding cancer recurrence
B) To ensure the patient follows strict guidelines for treatment
C) To inform the patient about potential late effects and empower them to take preventive action
D) To avoid discussing potential side effects to prevent anxiety

 

Which of the following is a common emotional response for cancer survivors?

A) Complete lack of anxiety
B) Fear of recurrence and uncertainty
C) Excessive optimism without concern
D) Complete relief from all stress

 

Which of the following should be included in the care plan for a cancer survivor at risk for depression?

A) Encourage isolation and avoidance of social events
B) Suggest psychotherapy or support groups
C) Limit discussions about cancer or related feelings
D) Encourage the use of alcohol for stress relief

 

What is the nurse’s role in helping cancer survivors prevent or manage lymphedema?

A) Recommend strict bed rest
B) Encourage regular movement and compression therapy
C) Advise against physical activity to prevent strain
D) Recommend drastic weight loss measures

 

A cancer survivor has a family history of cancer. What should the nurse recommend?

A) Avoid any cancer screenings
B) Ensure the family history is discussed with the oncologist for tailored follow-up care
C) Ignore family history as it is irrelevant after treatment
D) Recommend frequent genetic testing for all family members

 

Which of the following is a primary concern for a cancer survivor with a history of radiation therapy?

A) Risk of infertility
B) Development of secondary cancers
C) High risk of viral infections
D) Increased likelihood of osteoporosis

 

A cancer survivor expresses fear of recurrence. The nurse should:

A) Minimize the patient’s concerns to avoid anxiety
B) Educate the patient about the signs of recurrence and the importance of regular follow-up
C) Suggest the patient avoid thinking about cancer altogether
D) Advise the patient to discontinue follow-up care

 

A cancer survivor who has completed treatment for lymphoma reports swelling in the lower extremities. What is the most appropriate intervention?

A) Advise the patient to elevate the legs to reduce swelling
B) Suggest the patient apply tight compression stockings immediately
C) Encourage the patient to rest and limit physical activity
D) Recommend increasing fluid intake to flush out excess fluid

 

A cancer survivor with a history of breast cancer reports a new lump in the opposite breast. The nurse should:

A) Reassure the patient that the lump is likely benign
B) Instruct the patient to wait six months before seeing a healthcare provider
C) Encourage the patient to schedule an appointment for a clinical evaluation
D) Suggest the patient try home remedies to reduce swelling

 

Which of the following is a common concern for cancer survivors who underwent pelvic radiation therapy?

A) Urinary incontinence
B) Increased appetite
C) Hearing loss
D) Shortness of breath

 

A patient who is a cancer survivor reports difficulty concentrating and forgetfulness. Which of the following should the nurse assess for?

A) Nutritional deficiencies
B) Cognitive changes related to treatment (chemo brain)
C) Low blood pressure
D) Sleep apnea

 

What is an important aspect of follow-up care for cancer survivors who have had radiation therapy?

A) Monitoring for cognitive decline
B) Ensuring frequent physical therapy sessions
C) Regular assessments of bone health
D) Strict dietary restrictions to reduce risk of cancer recurrence

 

Which of the following is most important when caring for a cancer survivor experiencing sleep disturbances?

A) Encourage the patient to take long naps during the day
B) Suggest the use of over-the-counter sleep aids without medical advice
C) Recommend good sleep hygiene practices and evaluate the need for a referral to a sleep specialist
D) Reassure the patient that sleep issues are normal and will resolve without intervention

 

A cancer survivor with a history of head and neck cancer is experiencing a persistent sore throat. What is the nurse’s priority action?

A) Assess for signs of infection and notify the healthcare provider
B) Recommend warm saltwater gargles for relief
C) Reassure the patient that the sore throat will go away on its own
D) Suggest using throat lozenges and avoid speaking

 

A cancer survivor has completed treatment for colorectal cancer and is scheduled for a follow-up colonoscopy. What should the nurse emphasize in the pre-procedure teaching?

A) “You will need to refrain from eating solid food for 24 hours before the procedure.”
B) “You can expect moderate discomfort and bleeding during the procedure.”
C) “There will be no preparation needed for the procedure.”
D) “You will need to avoid consuming any liquids 12 hours before the procedure.”

 

Which of the following is a recommended dietary change for a cancer survivor at risk for osteoporosis?

A) Increase calcium and vitamin D intake
B) Restrict calcium and avoid dairy products
C) Increase iron-rich foods and avoid vitamin D
D) Consume more processed foods for added nutrients

 

Which of the following should a nurse prioritize when caring for a cancer survivor experiencing pain from nerve damage after chemotherapy?

A) Reassure the patient that the pain is temporary
B) Recommend non-pharmacological pain management techniques
C) Consult with a pain management specialist for pharmacologic options
D) Encourage the patient to tolerate the pain to avoid dependence on medications

 

What is a common long-term side effect of chemotherapy that affects the cardiac system?

A) Hypertension
B) Cardiomyopathy
C) Bradycardia
D) Atrial fibrillation

 

A cancer survivor is at risk for developing lymphedema. What is the most important lifestyle modification the nurse should recommend?

A) Avoid weight-bearing exercises
B) Wear compression garments and exercise regularly
C) Increase fluid intake significantly
D) Limit all upper body movements

 

A cancer survivor with a history of kidney cancer reports back pain and fatigue. What should the nurse do first?

A) Suggest the patient take a pain reliever and rest
B) Instruct the patient to schedule an appointment for further evaluation
C) Reassure the patient that back pain is common after treatment
D) Recommend an over-the-counter muscle relaxant

 

A cancer survivor undergoing hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for symptoms of menopause should be educated about which of the following?

A) Increased risk of bone fractures
B) Decreased risk of cardiovascular diseases
C) The need to stop HRT if weight gain occurs
D) Risks of developing blood clots and stroke

 

A cancer survivor is receiving follow-up care after surgery for prostate cancer. Which assessment should the nurse prioritize?

A) Evaluation of bowel movements
B) Monitoring for signs of erectile dysfunction
C) Assessment of urinary function
D) Evaluation of appetite and weight changes

 

The nurse is caring for a cancer survivor who has developed cataracts after radiation therapy. What intervention should the nurse suggest?

A) Recommend that the patient avoid sunlight
B) Encourage the use of prescribed eye drops and follow up with an ophthalmologist
C) Advise the patient to wear dark sunglasses indoors
D) Suggest the patient undergo cataract surgery immediately

 

A cancer survivor with a history of gastrointestinal cancer reports difficulty eating and nausea. What is the most appropriate intervention?

A) Administer antiemetic medication as prescribed
B) Encourage the patient to eat three large meals per day
C) Suggest the patient avoid all solid foods
D) Recommend that the patient only consume fluids

 

A cancer survivor asks the nurse about the risk of recurrence. What is the most appropriate response?

A) “There is no risk of recurrence once treatment is completed.”
B) “The risk of recurrence is influenced by the type of cancer, treatment received, and follow-up care.”
C) “The risk of recurrence increases with age, regardless of treatment.”
D) “Recurrence is unlikely after five years of being cancer-free.”

 

Which of the following should the nurse include when teaching a cancer survivor about coping with the psychological effects of treatment?

A) Encourage the patient to avoid discussing their emotions
B) Reassure the patient that cancer will never affect them again
C) Suggest joining a support group for cancer survivors
D) Advise the patient to avoid any form of psychological therapy

 

A cancer survivor expresses fear of recurrence but is unsure about discussing it with their healthcare provider. What is the best response from the nurse?

A) “It is better to avoid thinking about the possibility of recurrence.”
B) “Fear of recurrence is common; let’s discuss it with your doctor for reassurance.”
C) “Try not to worry about recurrence, as it will likely never happen.”
D) “If you do not want to discuss it, it is okay to avoid those conversations.”

 

A cancer survivor who has completed chemotherapy for ovarian cancer presents with hot flashes and mood swings. The nurse suspects that the patient is experiencing menopause due to treatment. What is the most appropriate response?

A) Reassure the patient that these symptoms will resolve in a few months
B) Suggest using a cold compress to alleviate hot flashes
C) Provide education on hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and its risks
D) Recommend that the patient avoid all physical activity

 

A cancer survivor with a history of leukemia reports new joint pain and swelling. What should the nurse assess first?

A) Assess for signs of infection or inflammation
B) Inquire about recent physical activity or injury
C) Check for any signs of lymphadenopathy
D) Ask if the patient has had recent chemotherapy or radiation

 

What is the most important teaching for a cancer survivor who has recently completed radiation therapy and is at risk for secondary cancers?

A) Avoid sun exposure to prevent skin cancer
B) Begin regular exercise to improve immune function
C) Follow up with regular screenings as recommended by the healthcare provider
D) Avoid all immunizations to prevent infections

 

A patient who is a cancer survivor asks about the potential for fertility after treatment for testicular cancer. What should the nurse discuss?

A) Fertility is unaffected by chemotherapy or radiation therapy for testicular cancer
B) Fertility may be affected by treatment, and sperm banking prior to therapy should be considered
C) Fertility issues are rare for testicular cancer survivors
D) The patient should avoid any form of contraception following treatment

 

Which of the following is a long-term concern for cancer survivors who have undergone bone marrow transplants?

A) Chronic pain from neuropathy
B) Risk of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)
C) Hair loss due to chemotherapy
D) Reduced risk of infections

 

A cancer survivor who had a mastectomy is concerned about body image changes. The nurse should:

A) Advise the patient to avoid social situations to prevent embarrassment
B) Reassure the patient that others won’t notice the changes
C) Encourage the patient to talk about their feelings and explore options such as prosthetics or reconstruction
D) Suggest that the patient stop focusing on the changes and move on

 

A cancer survivor who had chemotherapy for breast cancer is experiencing peripheral neuropathy. What is the nurse’s best action?

A) Suggest the patient use hot and cold compresses on the affected areas
B) Reassure the patient that the symptoms will resolve after a few months
C) Assess for safety concerns, such as risk for falls, due to decreased sensation
D) Recommend the patient take over-the-counter pain relievers

 

A cancer survivor with a history of colorectal cancer is due for a follow-up colonoscopy. Which of the following actions should the nurse emphasize before the procedure?

A) “You should fast for 12 hours and avoid solid foods for 24 hours prior to the procedure.”
B) “Drink a large amount of fluids the day before the procedure to stay hydrated.”
C) “You will need to refrain from eating solid foods for 48 hours before the procedure.”
D) “It is important to take a bowel prep solution as prescribed to clear the colon.”

 

A cancer survivor with a history of thyroid cancer has been treated with radioactive iodine therapy. Which of the following is the most important follow-up care?

A) Monitor thyroid hormone levels regularly
B) Limit dietary intake of iodine
C) Prevent exposure to sunlight for extended periods
D) Encourage the use of sunscreen daily

 

Which of the following is a common emotional response of cancer survivors after completing treatment?

A) Relief and a sense of closure
B) Complete absence of fear of recurrence
C) Feelings of isolation and anxiety about recurrence
D) Immediate return to normal social and professional activities

 

A cancer survivor who had a mastectomy is experiencing lymphedema in the arm. Which of the following should the nurse recommend?

A) Keep the affected arm elevated above the heart
B) Apply ice to the arm to reduce swelling
C) Wear a compression sleeve as recommended by the healthcare provider
D) Avoid using the affected arm to prevent further swelling

 

A cancer survivor who had radiation therapy for brain cancer complains of headaches and dizziness. What should the nurse do first?

A) Assess for signs of increased intracranial pressure (ICP)
B) Reassure the patient that these are common post-treatment symptoms
C) Suggest the patient take over-the-counter pain medication
D) Instruct the patient to avoid any strenuous activities

 

A cancer survivor with a history of esophageal cancer reports difficulty swallowing and weight loss. What should the nurse do first?

A) Suggest using a softer diet to ease swallowing
B) Assess for signs of nutritional deficiencies and refer to a dietitian
C) Encourage the patient to increase caloric intake with high-calorie supplements
D) Instruct the patient to drink more liquids during meals

 

A cancer survivor with a history of leukemia reports fatigue and shortness of breath. Which of the following should the nurse assess first?

A) Oxygen saturation levels and hemoglobin levels
B) Blood glucose levels and fluid balance
C) Nutritional intake and weight changes
D) Pain level and medication adherence

 

Which of the following is the most important aspect of care for a cancer survivor who is experiencing depression after treatment?

A) Recommend that the patient focus on physical rehabilitation only
B) Encourage participation in support groups and individual counseling
C) Suggest the patient avoid discussing feelings to prevent further emotional distress
D) Reassure the patient that depression will resolve on its own over time

 

A cancer survivor with a history of melanoma is concerned about the possibility of recurrence. The nurse should recommend:

A) Annual dermatology check-ups for skin exams
B) Avoiding all physical activity to reduce the risk of recurrence
C) Avoiding exposure to the sun only during peak hours
D) Performing daily self-exams but not seeking medical advice

 

A cancer survivor is receiving follow-up care for prostate cancer and expresses concerns about sexual dysfunction. The nurse should:

A) Suggest the patient avoid talking about sexual concerns
B) Recommend a referral to a sexual health specialist or therapist
C) Advise the patient to wait a year to see if the dysfunction improves
D) Encourage the patient to use over-the-counter sexual aids

 

A cancer survivor reports pain and swelling in the lower legs after receiving chemotherapy. What should the nurse assess for?

A) Signs of infection
B) Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
C) Lymphedema
D) Peripheral neuropathy

 

A cancer survivor is concerned about weight gain following chemotherapy. What is the nurse’s most appropriate response?

A) “Weight gain is common after treatment; you should focus on maintaining your current weight.”
B) “Try to avoid any physical activity to prevent injury while your body recovers.”
C) “It’s important to focus on a balanced diet and regular physical activity to manage weight.”
D) “Consider taking over-the-counter weight loss medications to help control your weight.”

 

A cancer survivor who underwent a colon resection for colorectal cancer is scheduled for a follow-up colonoscopy. Which of the following is a priority for the nurse to educate the patient about before the procedure?

A) “You will need to stop all medications, including blood thinners, for 1 week before the procedure.”
B) “A bowel preparation will be necessary, which will involve drinking a solution to clean out the colon.”
C) “You should fast for 12 hours prior to the procedure, but clear liquids are allowed up to 6 hours before.”
D) “It’s important to avoid any physical activity the day before the procedure to prevent complications.”

 

A cancer survivor who underwent radiation therapy for breast cancer complains of persistent fatigue. What is the nurse’s most appropriate intervention?

A) Recommend that the patient take naps during the day to improve energy levels.
B) Suggest that the patient refrain from any physical activity to rest the body.
C) Advise the patient to increase fluid intake and start a multivitamin regimen.
D) Encourage the patient to gradually increase physical activity as tolerated to improve endurance.

 

A cancer survivor with a history of ovarian cancer expresses concerns about the long-term effects of chemotherapy. Which of the following long-term complications should the nurse discuss with the patient?

A) Infertility and ovarian failure
B) Chronic headaches and memory loss
C) Decreased liver function and hepatitis
D) Increased risk of hypertension and heart disease

 

A cancer survivor is receiving follow-up care for lung cancer and expresses concern about coughing up blood. What should the nurse’s immediate action be?

A) Reassure the patient that coughing up blood is a common side effect of chemotherapy.
B) Assess the patient’s respiratory status and contact the healthcare provider immediately.
C) Advise the patient to rest and monitor the amount of blood over the next few days.
D) Recommend over-the-counter cough medicine to control the symptoms.

 

A cancer survivor who had a bone marrow transplant is experiencing signs of anemia, including fatigue and pallor. Which of the following should the nurse prioritize?

A) Encourage adequate hydration to reduce fatigue.
B) Assess for signs of infection, as the patient may be immunocompromised.
C) Provide dietary recommendations to increase iron intake.
D) Suggest a quiet environment and reduced activity to conserve energy.

 

A cancer survivor who underwent a mastectomy for breast cancer expresses feelings of anger and frustration. What is the nurse’s best response?

A) “You should try to move past these feelings and focus on your recovery.”
B) “I can understand why you feel that way. Would you like to talk more about these feelings?”
C) “It’s important to stay positive and avoid talking about your anger.”
D) “Many people feel angry after surgery, but it’s best not to dwell on negative emotions.”

 

A cancer survivor who has been treated for prostate cancer with radiation therapy is asking about the long-term effects of treatment. What should the nurse inform the patient about?

A) “You may experience permanent erectile dysfunction, but other side effects are rare.”
B) “Radiation therapy can affect urinary function, and you may experience incontinence or frequency.”
C) “The treatment does not have any long-term side effects, and you can resume normal activities immediately.”
D) “You should avoid any strenuous activities for the next year to prevent complications.”

 

A cancer survivor is concerned about secondary cancer risks after undergoing chemotherapy for breast cancer. What should the nurse emphasize during education?

A) The risk of secondary cancers is low and does not require any special screenings.
B) Routine screenings, such as mammograms and colonoscopies, are important for early detection of secondary cancers.
C) Secondary cancers are common but typically develop only after 10 years of chemotherapy.
D) The risk of secondary cancers is increased by radiation therapy, but chemotherapy does not contribute to this risk.

 

A cancer survivor who had a lung resection reports shortness of breath and chest pain. What should the nurse assess for first?

A) Signs of infection such as fever and increased cough
B) New-onset anxiety related to the patient’s cancer diagnosis
C) Potential complications such as a pneumothorax or pulmonary embolism
D) Fatigue related to chemotherapy or radiation therapy

 

A cancer survivor who had colorectal cancer treatment asks about potential lifestyle changes to reduce the risk of recurrence. What should the nurse recommend?

A) A high-fat, low-fiber diet to improve energy levels
B) Increased physical activity and maintaining a healthy weight
C) Avoiding any form of exercise to prevent injury
D) A diet rich in red meat and dairy products for better nutrition

 

A cancer survivor is experiencing difficulty sleeping due to anxiety about cancer recurrence. What is the nurse’s most appropriate action?

A) Suggest that the patient avoid talking about cancer to reduce anxiety.
B) Provide education on relaxation techniques, such as deep breathing or guided imagery.
C) Recommend medication to improve sleep without addressing the underlying anxiety.
D) Advise the patient to avoid any physical activity in the evening.

 

A cancer survivor is experiencing nausea and vomiting following chemotherapy. What is the most important action the nurse should take?

A) Instruct the patient to eat large meals with high-protein foods.
B) Administer antiemetic medication as prescribed before meals.
C) Encourage the patient to avoid drinking fluids during meals.
D) Recommend taking a walk after meals to prevent nausea.

 

A cancer survivor who has undergone chemotherapy reports frequent mouth sores. What should the nurse recommend to manage this symptom?

A) Drink hot beverages to soothe the mouth sores.
B) Avoid brushing the teeth to prevent irritation.
C) Use a soft toothbrush and rinse with a saltwater solution.
D) Take over-the-counter corticosteroids to reduce inflammation.

 

A cancer survivor who underwent a lumpectomy for breast cancer reports new swelling in the arm. What should the nurse suspect as the cause of this swelling?

A) Lymphedema related to lymph node removal during surgery
B) Fluid retention from recent chemotherapy
C) Reaction to the radiation therapy
D) Post-surgical infection

 

A cancer survivor is receiving treatment for ovarian cancer and reports vaginal dryness and hot flashes. Which of the following should the nurse recommend?

A) Use lubricants during sexual activity and discuss options for managing hot flashes, such as hormone therapy.
B) Recommend a high-fiber diet to improve vaginal health.
C) Suggest over-the-counter vaginal creams without consulting the healthcare provider.
D) Advise the patient to stop taking prescribed medications, as they may be causing these symptoms.

 

A cancer survivor who underwent a bone marrow transplant is at risk for infection. What should the nurse prioritize in the patient’s care plan?

A) Ensuring the patient follows a high-protein diet
B) Educating the patient on avoiding contact with individuals who are ill
C) Encouraging the patient to limit fluid intake to reduce the risk of infection
D) Providing emotional support related to the cancer diagnosis

 

A cancer survivor who has completed chemotherapy for lung cancer is concerned about weight loss. What is the nurse’s most appropriate recommendation?

A) “Focus on high-calorie, low-protein foods to maintain weight.”
B) “Eat several small meals throughout the day to help increase calorie intake.”
C) “Try to limit carbohydrates and focus on high-fat foods.”
D) “You should skip meals and drink only liquids to manage your weight.”

 

A cancer survivor who underwent radiation therapy for head and neck cancer is experiencing mouth pain and difficulty swallowing. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention?

A) Recommend a soft, bland diet and ensure adequate hydration.
B) Encourage the patient to avoid all food and fluids to allow the mouth to heal.
C) Suggest that the patient take aspirin or ibuprofen to relieve pain.
D) Discourage the use of oral care products to avoid irritation.

 

A cancer survivor who underwent a mastectomy reports persistent pain in the arm on the side of surgery. The nurse suspects phantom limb pain. What is the appropriate nursing action?

A) Reassure the patient that this pain is temporary and will resolve.
B) Provide analgesics as prescribed and offer emotional support.
C) Suggest that the patient ignore the pain, as it is not related to physical injury.
D) Recommend massage therapy and hot packs for pain relief.

 

A cancer survivor reports a new skin lesion that appears dark and irregular. What should the nurse advise the patient to do?

A) Wait a few months to see if the lesion resolves on its own.
B) Apply over-the-counter antifungal cream to the lesion.
C) Schedule an appointment with a healthcare provider for evaluation.
D) Ignore it, as skin changes are common after cancer treatment.

 

A cancer survivor is concerned about the impact of cancer treatment on fertility. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?

A) “Fertility is rarely affected by chemotherapy or radiation therapy.”
B) “Treatment can affect fertility, but options such as egg or sperm banking may be available.”
C) “You should focus on starting a family immediately after treatment, as fertility is typically restored.”
D) “There are no options to address fertility concerns after cancer treatment.”

 

A cancer survivor is experiencing chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse recommend?

A) “Wear tight-fitting shoes to support your feet and prevent injury.”
B) “Engage in regular exercise to improve circulation and reduce symptoms.”
C) “Limit physical activity to reduce the risk of nerve damage.”
D) “Use hot water for bathing to soothe your muscles and nerves.”

 

A cancer survivor who had a colorectal resection for cancer reports frequent diarrhea. Which of the following should the nurse recommend to manage this symptom?

A) Increase fiber intake and avoid any dairy products.
B) Encourage the patient to stay hydrated and avoid greasy foods.
C) Recommend a high-protein, low-carb diet to promote healing.
D) Suggest avoiding all fluids and eating bland foods only.

 

A cancer survivor asks about the impact of cancer treatment on bone health. What should the nurse explain?

A) “Cancer treatment generally improves bone health, and you don’t need to worry about osteoporosis.”
B) “Some treatments, especially chemotherapy, can lead to bone loss and increase the risk of fractures.”
C) “Bone health is only a concern for patients with cancer that affects the bones, such as leukemia.”
D) “There is no need for bone health monitoring after cancer treatment if you are not on medication.”

 

A cancer survivor is experiencing emotional distress and fear of cancer recurrence. What should the nurse recommend to the patient?

A) “Avoid talking about your fears, as it can increase anxiety.”
B) “Consider joining a support group where you can share your experiences with others.”
C) “Focus only on positive thinking to avoid anxiety about the future.”
D) “It’s best to ignore these feelings and focus on your recovery.”

 

A cancer survivor who underwent a mastectomy asks about prosthetic options. What is the nurse’s response?

A) “Prosthetics are not necessary and are not covered by insurance.”
B) “There are several prosthetic options available, and it’s important to discuss them with your healthcare provider.”
C) “Only cosmetic surgery can restore the appearance of the breast after mastectomy.”
D) “Prosthetics should be avoided to prevent skin irritation and complications.”

 

A cancer survivor who underwent radiation therapy for thyroid cancer is concerned about developing hypothyroidism. What is the nurse’s best response?

A) “Hypothyroidism is not related to radiation therapy and should not be a concern.”
B) “You should monitor for symptoms of hypothyroidism, such as fatigue and weight gain, and follow up with your healthcare provider.”
C) “There is no need to have thyroid function tests after radiation therapy for thyroid cancer.”
D) “You can manage hypothyroidism with over-the-counter thyroid supplements.”

 

A cancer survivor is concerned about hair loss after chemotherapy. What is the most appropriate nursing response?

A) “Hair loss is usually permanent after chemotherapy, so there is no need to worry.”
B) “Hair loss is temporary, and new hair typically grows back after treatment ends.”
C) “Hair loss can be prevented by using special hair care products during treatment.”
D) “You should avoid cutting your hair short, as it will increase hair loss.”

 

A cancer survivor reports experiencing severe fatigue and difficulty completing daily tasks. What is the most appropriate intervention by the nurse?

A) Encourage the patient to rest as much as possible and avoid all activities.
B) Recommend increasing physical activity gradually to help improve energy levels.
C) Suggest the patient decrease fluid intake to prevent dehydration, which contributes to fatigue.
D) Advise the patient to stop taking any prescribed medications, as they may be contributing to fatigue.

 

A cancer survivor has recently completed treatment for colon cancer. During follow-up care, the nurse notices signs of depression in the patient. What is the most appropriate action?

A) Ignore the symptoms and reassure the patient that they will feel better with time.
B) Refer the patient to a mental health professional for counseling and support.
C) Advise the patient to focus solely on their physical recovery, as depression will resolve once they feel better.
D) Suggest that the patient engage in strenuous physical activity to overcome feelings of depression.

 

A cancer survivor who underwent a hysterectomy for endometrial cancer is experiencing vaginal dryness. What should the nurse recommend?

A) “Consider using lubricants and discuss the possibility of estrogen therapy with your healthcare provider.”
B) “Vaginal dryness is normal after surgery and will resolve on its own without treatment.”
C) “Avoid using any creams or lubricants, as they may cause infection.”
D) “Use over-the-counter hormone creams regularly for immediate relief.”

 

A cancer survivor who underwent chemotherapy for leukemia reports muscle weakness and cramping. What should the nurse suspect?

A) Electrolyte imbalances due to chemotherapy
B) Lack of physical activity and exercise
C) Bone marrow failure due to leukemia
D) Chronic dehydration from chemotherapy treatment

 

A cancer survivor who received radiation therapy for breast cancer expresses concerns about the risk of developing another cancer. What is the nurse’s most appropriate response?

A) “Radiation therapy has no long-term risks and will not increase the chance of future cancers.”
B) “While radiation therapy can increase the risk of secondary cancers, regular monitoring can help detect any early signs.”
C) “Cancer recurrence is common, but radiation therapy does not affect the chances of it happening.”
D) “Secondary cancers from radiation therapy are very rare, so there is no need to worry.”

 

A cancer survivor who had a mastectomy is experiencing emotional distress about the changes to her body image. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize?

A) Suggest counseling to help the patient cope with body image changes.
B) Encourage the patient to avoid looking at the surgical site to prevent emotional distress.
C) Advise the patient to wear loose clothing and avoid any discussions about body changes.
D) Reassure the patient that others will not notice the changes to her body.

 

A cancer survivor is concerned about the long-term effects of chemotherapy on their fertility. What is the nurse’s best response?

A) “Chemotherapy rarely affects fertility, so there is no need to worry.”
B) “Chemotherapy can impact fertility, and there are options such as sperm or egg banking before starting treatment.”
C) “You should stop all fertility treatment after chemotherapy, as it can interfere with recovery.”
D) “Fertility concerns can be addressed later, after your cancer is in remission.”

 

A cancer survivor is experiencing nausea and vomiting after chemotherapy. What should the nurse recommend to manage this side effect?

A) “Eat large meals to prevent nausea and try to avoid eating between meals.”
B) “Avoid taking anti-nausea medication, as it can worsen symptoms.”
C) “Eat small, frequent meals and avoid strong odors that may trigger nausea.”
D) “Stay in bed after meals to prevent nausea.”

 

A cancer survivor who received chemotherapy is concerned about developing a secondary infection. What is the most important preventive measure the nurse should advise?

A) “Avoid all social interactions to prevent exposure to germs.”
B) “Practice good hand hygiene and avoid contact with individuals who are sick.”
C) “Use antibacterial soap and wear a face mask at all times.”
D) “Limit your water intake to reduce the risk of infection.”

 

A cancer survivor who underwent surgery for melanoma is concerned about developing new skin lesions. What should the nurse recommend for monitoring skin health?

A) “Regular self-exams and annual dermatology check-ups are essential for monitoring new lesions.”
B) “You should not worry about skin lesions as melanoma is unlikely to recur.”
C) “Avoid exposure to sunlight and only apply sunscreen when outside for long periods.”
D) “Skin checks should be done only if new symptoms develop.”

 

A cancer survivor who underwent a radical prostatectomy reports difficulty with urinary incontinence. What is the nurse’s best recommendation?

A) “You should use adult diapers until the incontinence resolves.”
B) “Pelvic floor exercises, such as Kegel exercises, may help improve bladder control.”
C) “Try avoiding all fluids to reduce urinary incontinence.”
D) “Urinary incontinence is a permanent side effect of prostate surgery.”

 

A cancer survivor is considering joining a support group. What is the nurse’s role in this decision?

A) “Encourage the patient to avoid support groups, as they may lead to negative feelings.”
B) “Help the patient research local support groups and consider discussing the option with a counselor.”
C) “You should attend the support group with the patient to ensure they feel comfortable.”
D) “Support groups are not necessary and may not benefit you.”

 

A cancer survivor who is undergoing follow-up care after treatment for thyroid cancer asks about the possibility of recurrence. What should the nurse explain?

A) “Thyroid cancer is not likely to recur, so there is no need to worry.”
B) “Regular monitoring through blood tests and imaging is essential for detecting any recurrence.”
C) “Recurrence of thyroid cancer is rare, so you won’t need regular follow-ups.”
D) “Once thyroid cancer is treated, it is cured and will not come back.”

 

A cancer survivor who underwent treatment for lymphoma is attending follow-up visits. During a physical exam, the nurse notices signs of lymphedema in the patient’s arm. What should the nurse recommend to help manage this condition?

A) “You should limit the use of the affected arm to prevent further swelling.”
B) “Elevating the affected arm and wearing compression garments may help reduce swelling.”
C) “Avoid drinking fluids to prevent fluid retention in the arm.”
D) “Massaging the affected arm regularly will improve circulation and reduce swelling.”

 

A cancer survivor has been experiencing difficulty sleeping due to anxiety related to their cancer diagnosis and treatment. What should the nurse suggest?

A) “You should avoid taking naps during the day, as this will help you sleep better at night.”
B) “Engaging in relaxation techniques such as deep breathing or meditation may help you relax before bed.”
C) “It’s best to take sleeping pills to ensure a restful night of sleep.”
D) “It’s important to avoid discussing your cancer concerns, as this can make anxiety worse.”

 

A cancer survivor is considering starting an exercise program after completing chemotherapy. What should the nurse advise?

A) “You should start with high-intensity exercise to regain strength as quickly as possible.”
B) “It’s important to begin with low-impact exercises, such as walking or swimming, and gradually increase intensity.”
C) “Exercise is not recommended after chemotherapy due to the risk of exhaustion.”
D) “Only strength training is recommended after chemotherapy; aerobic exercises should be avoided.”

 

A cancer survivor who received treatment for oral cancer reports dry mouth and difficulty swallowing. What is the most appropriate intervention?

A) “Suck on hard candies to stimulate saliva production.”
B) “Use a humidifier at night and drink fluids regularly to keep the mouth moist.”
C) “Avoid drinking fluids before meals to prevent excessive salivation.”
D) “Chewing gum will help to improve swallowing difficulties.”

 

A cancer survivor who completed treatment for ovarian cancer asks about the potential for early menopause due to chemotherapy. What is the nurse’s best response?

A) “Chemotherapy rarely causes early menopause, so it’s unlikely you’ll experience this.”
B) “Chemotherapy can lead to early menopause, but not all women will experience this change.”
C) “You should avoid discussing menopause until you experience symptoms.”
D) “Early menopause after chemotherapy is very common, and there is no way to prevent it.”

 

A cancer survivor who had a mastectomy is experiencing phantom breast pain. What should the nurse explain about this condition?

A) “Phantom breast pain is a common post-surgical condition that usually resolves on its own over time.”
B) “Phantom breast pain occurs when the nerves that once supplied the breast tissue continue to send pain signals.”
C) “This condition is rare and usually a sign of cancer recurrence in the residual breast tissue.”
D) “Phantom breast pain can be treated only with surgery, as other interventions are ineffective.”

 

A cancer survivor who received radiation therapy for lung cancer is experiencing a persistent dry cough. What is the most appropriate intervention by the nurse?

A) “This dry cough will resolve on its own, so no intervention is necessary.”
B) “A cough suppressant may be helpful in reducing the cough and improving comfort.”
C) “Use a humidifier and drink warm fluids to soothe your throat and reduce the cough.”
D) “You should stop any physical activity as it may worsen your cough.”

 

A cancer survivor who had chemotherapy is concerned about hair regrowth. When should the nurse inform the patient that hair typically starts growing back?

A) “Hair will start growing back immediately after chemotherapy ends.”
B) “Hair growth can take several months after chemotherapy ends, but it will likely return to normal.”
C) “Hair will never grow back to its original texture after chemotherapy.”
D) “Hair growth begins one to two weeks after chemotherapy is completed.”

 

A cancer survivor who is on a new medication regimen for bone health post-treatment asks about calcium and vitamin D supplementation. What is the nurse’s best advice?

A) “You should avoid calcium and vitamin D supplements, as they can interfere with your cancer medications.”
B) “It’s important to take calcium and vitamin D supplements as prescribed to help maintain bone health.”
C) “Take calcium supplements but avoid vitamin D, as vitamin D can increase the risk of cancer recurrence.”
D) “You should take vitamin D only if you develop symptoms of a deficiency.”

 

A cancer survivor who had a stem cell transplant is concerned about the long-term effects of treatment. What should the nurse inform the patient about?

A) “The effects of a stem cell transplant are permanent, and you will need lifelong treatment.”
B) “The long-term effects of stem cell transplant can vary; regular follow-up appointments are essential for monitoring your health.”
C) “Once your transplant is complete, there will be no need for further health monitoring.”
D) “Long-term complications from stem cell transplants are rare and usually do not affect quality of life.”

 

A cancer survivor who had a partial laryngectomy is concerned about their ability to communicate. What should the nurse recommend?

A) “You should avoid speaking altogether to prevent straining your voice.”
B) “Consider using a speech therapy consultation to learn new communication techniques.”
C) “You will not be able to communicate effectively without your larynx, so other methods will be necessary.”
D) “There is no need to worry, as your communication will return to normal after recovery.”

 

A cancer survivor who underwent a mastectomy and is undergoing radiation therapy expresses concerns about the appearance of her breast after treatment. What should the nurse focus on?

A) “You should consider immediate breast reconstruction surgery to improve your appearance.”
B) “It’s important to give your body time to heal before making any decisions about reconstruction or prostheses.”
C) “Avoid any concerns about your appearance, as they will resolve once the cancer is in remission.”
D) “You will not be able to wear a prosthesis after radiation therapy, as it will cause irritation.”

 

A cancer survivor is expressing concern about their increased risk for developing cardiovascular disease following chemotherapy. What is the nurse’s best advice?

A) “Cardiovascular disease is not a concern after chemotherapy, as it does not affect the heart.”
B) “Regular exercise, a healthy diet, and routine monitoring of heart health are important for managing your risk.”
C) “You should avoid physical activity to minimize the strain on your heart.”
D) “Cardiovascular disease is a rare side effect of chemotherapy and does not require any special attention.”

 

A cancer survivor who received chemotherapy reports experiencing peripheral neuropathy in their hands and feet. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention?

A) “You should avoid using your hands and feet to prevent further damage.”
B) “Wearing tight shoes and gloves can help to protect your hands and feet from injury.”
C) “Gentle exercises and the use of assistive devices may help improve mobility and reduce discomfort.”
D) “Peripheral neuropathy will resolve on its own once your chemotherapy treatments are finished.”

 

A cancer survivor is experiencing fatigue and is unable to engage in normal daily activities. What is the best way for the nurse to assist with energy management?

A) “Resting frequently throughout the day will help to restore your energy.”
B) “Try to stay active by pushing yourself to complete daily tasks, as activity will increase your energy.”
C) “You should avoid naps to ensure you can sleep better at night.”
D) “It’s important to balance activity and rest, and prioritize tasks to conserve energy.”

 

A cancer survivor is concerned about the emotional challenges of living after cancer treatment. What is the most appropriate response from the nurse?

A) “Most cancer survivors experience no emotional difficulties once treatment ends.”
B) “It is common to feel anxiety or depression after cancer treatment, and there are resources available to help.”
C) “You should avoid talking about your feelings, as this may cause further distress.”
D) “You will soon feel back to normal, and these emotional difficulties will disappear over time.”

 

A cancer survivor who has undergone a mastectomy is considering breast reconstruction surgery. What is the nurse’s role in this decision-making process?

A) “You must have the surgery right away to prevent complications in the future.”
B) “It’s important to understand the options available, and you can discuss them with your surgical team.”
C) “You should only consider reconstruction if you are unhappy with your appearance.”
D) “Breast reconstruction is not an option for most mastectomy patients.”

 

A cancer survivor who has completed radiation therapy for head and neck cancer reports mouth sores and difficulty swallowing. What is the most effective intervention?

A) “You should avoid drinking fluids, as it may irritate your mouth further.”
B) “Swish your mouth with saltwater and use a soft-bristled toothbrush to prevent infection.”
C) “Continue with normal eating habits, as this will help your mouth heal faster.”
D) “You should avoid swallowing altogether until your symptoms resolve.”

 

A cancer survivor who underwent a stem cell transplant asks about the risk of infection. What is the nurse’s best response?

A) “You should be fine; your immune system will recover in no time.”
B) “Since your immune system is weakened, you need to avoid large crowds and practice good hand hygiene to prevent infection.”
C) “The risk of infection is minimal, so no special precautions are necessary.”
D) “You will need to stay in isolation for at least six months to prevent infection.”

 

A cancer survivor is concerned about their risk of recurrence and asks if they need additional screenings. What is the nurse’s best response?

A) “You will not need any additional screenings unless you experience symptoms of recurrence.”
B) “It’s important to have regular follow-up appointments with your oncologist to monitor for signs of recurrence.”
C) “Screening is only necessary for the first year after treatment; after that, no further screenings are required.”
D) “There are no screening guidelines for cancer survivors, so you do not need to worry about follow-up visits.”

 

A cancer survivor who underwent treatment for colon cancer is being discharged from the hospital. The nurse is teaching the patient about nutrition. What should the nurse include in the teaching plan?

A) “You should focus on consuming high-fat foods to help regain weight.”
B) “It’s important to eat a balanced diet with fiber, fruits, vegetables, and protein to support recovery.”
C) “You need to avoid all fruits and vegetables to prevent gastrointestinal discomfort.”
D) “High-protein supplements are recommended as your only source of nutrition.”

 

A cancer survivor who underwent a prostatectomy is experiencing erectile dysfunction. What should the nurse discuss with the patient regarding treatment options?

A) “You should avoid discussing your concerns with your partner, as it could strain your relationship.”
B) “There are a variety of treatment options available for erectile dysfunction, including medications and counseling.”
C) “You should wait at least six months before considering treatment, as erectile dysfunction is usually temporary.”
D) “Erectile dysfunction after prostate surgery is permanent and cannot be treated.”

 

A cancer survivor who has completed chemotherapy is asking about the risk of developing secondary cancers. What is the nurse’s best response?

A) “Chemotherapy does not increase the risk of developing other cancers.”
B) “Although chemotherapy can slightly increase the risk of other cancers, it is important to continue follow-up care.”
C) “You should be concerned about developing secondary cancers and avoid all follow-up screenings.”
D) “Secondary cancers are common after chemotherapy, but they are not preventable.”

 

A cancer survivor who underwent chemotherapy reports changes in their cognitive abilities, such as memory difficulties and concentration issues. What should the nurse recommend?

A) “These changes are temporary and should resolve on their own after a few weeks.”
B) “Cognitive changes, often called ‘chemo brain,’ are common; you can use memory aids and engage in mental exercises to help improve cognitive function.”
C) “It’s important to avoid all cognitive activities until the symptoms resolve.”
D) “Cognitive changes after chemotherapy are permanent, and you will need long-term cognitive rehabilitation.”

 

A cancer survivor who received radiation therapy for breast cancer is concerned about their skin’s appearance. What is the nurse’s best advice?

A) “You should avoid moisturizing your skin to prevent irritation.”
B) “Use a gentle moisturizer and sunscreen to protect the skin from further damage and irritation.”
C) “There is no need to worry about your skin; the changes will resolve over time without intervention.”
D) “Shaving your skin daily will help to improve the appearance of your skin after radiation.”

 

A cancer survivor is concerned about maintaining a healthy weight after treatment. What is the nurse’s best recommendation?

A) “You should focus on gaining weight to compensate for any lost muscle mass during treatment.”
B) “Eating a balanced diet and engaging in regular physical activity will help maintain a healthy weight.”
C) “Avoid all physical activity to prevent weight loss.”
D) “Focusing on high-calorie foods is the best way to maintain your weight after treatment.”

 

A cancer survivor who has finished chemotherapy is asking about the risk of fertility issues. What is the nurse’s best response?

A) “Fertility is not affected by chemotherapy, and you can try to conceive immediately.”
B) “Chemotherapy can affect fertility, and it may be important to discuss fertility preservation options before starting treatment.”
C) “There is no need to worry about fertility unless you are undergoing radiation therapy.”
D) “Fertility issues are rare after chemotherapy, so you do not need to worry about it.”

 

A cancer survivor reports persistent pain at the site of a previous tumor. What is the nurse’s priority intervention?

A) “This is common after cancer treatment and will resolve on its own.”
B) “Let’s assess the pain more thoroughly to determine if there is an underlying cause for the pain, such as recurrence or nerve damage.”
C) “Pain is often a result of overexertion, so rest more frequently.”
D) “You should consider increasing your medication dosage to manage the pain more effectively.”

 

A cancer survivor with a history of leukemia is concerned about the long-term effects of treatment. What should the nurse emphasize when providing discharge instructions?

A) “Long-term effects are uncommon, and you will likely not experience any further health problems.”
B) “It’s essential to continue regular follow-up care, as leukemia treatments may cause long-term health issues such as heart or kidney problems.”
C) “You should avoid all forms of physical activity to prevent complications from leukemia treatment.”
D) “Long-term effects are primarily emotional, so it’s important to focus on mental health care only.”

 

A cancer survivor asks about maintaining a healthy lifestyle after treatment. What is the nurse’s best advice?

A) “You should only focus on rest and avoid physical activity to prevent injury.”
B) “Maintaining a healthy lifestyle through regular physical activity, a balanced diet, and avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol can reduce the risk of recurrence and improve overall health.”
C) “It’s most important to focus solely on diet and avoid physical activity until your next check-up.”
D) “After cancer treatment, it’s best to avoid social interactions and concentrate on self-care only.”

 

A cancer survivor who underwent treatment for testicular cancer is experiencing body image concerns. What is the nurse’s best response?

A) “You should focus on the fact that the cancer has been treated, and body image concerns should not be a priority.”
B) “Body image concerns are common after cancer treatment, and it might be helpful to seek support from a counselor or support group.”
C) “You need to keep your concerns to yourself to avoid upsetting your loved ones.”
D) “It’s normal for body image concerns to last forever, and you should not expect to feel better.”

 

A cancer survivor who underwent a mastectomy asks about the possibility of developing lymphedema. What is the nurse’s best response?

A) “Lymphedema is rare and will not affect you after mastectomy.”
B) “Lymphedema can occur after mastectomy, and it is important to follow measures such as avoiding injury to the arm, wearing compression garments, and engaging in gentle exercises.”
C) “You can avoid lymphedema by avoiding any physical activity for several months.”
D) “There is nothing you can do to prevent lymphedema, so you should not worry about it.”

 

A cancer survivor who is a smoker asks if smoking will affect their cancer treatment outcomes. What is the nurse’s best response?

A) “Smoking does not affect your treatment outcomes, so there is no need to worry about it.”
B) “Smoking can interfere with healing and increase the risk of recurrence, so it’s important to quit or reduce smoking to improve your health outcomes.”
C) “You can continue smoking as long as you avoid smoking near your treatment areas.”
D) “There are no proven effects of smoking on cancer treatment, so it should not concern you.”

 

A cancer survivor who has completed treatment for ovarian cancer reports experiencing menopausal symptoms, including hot flashes and vaginal dryness. What is the nurse’s best recommendation?

A) “You should avoid all medications to treat these symptoms, as they can interfere with your cancer treatments.”
B) “There are a variety of options for managing menopausal symptoms, including hormone therapy and non-hormonal treatments. You can discuss these with your healthcare provider.”
C) “Menopausal symptoms are temporary and will go away without any treatment.”
D) “You should avoid sexual activity until these symptoms resolve.”

 

A cancer survivor is concerned about weight gain after treatment. What should the nurse recommend?

A) “It’s common to gain weight after cancer treatment, and there is nothing you can do to prevent it.”
B) “You should avoid exercise, as this can lead to further weight gain.”
C) “You can prevent weight gain by eating a healthy diet, engaging in regular physical activity, and monitoring your calorie intake.”
D) “The best way to manage weight gain is to follow a restrictive diet with no carbohydrates.”

 

A cancer survivor with a history of melanoma asks if they need to avoid sun exposure. What is the nurse’s best response?

A) “You should avoid sun exposure and use sunscreen with a high SPF to reduce the risk of further skin damage.”
B) “Sun exposure is fine as long as you use a low SPF sunscreen.”
C) “You can spend as much time in the sun as you like, as long as you are wearing a hat.”
D) “Sun exposure is not a concern for you, since your melanoma has been treated.”

 

A cancer survivor is concerned about their emotional well-being following treatment. What is the nurse’s best advice?

A) “You should be able to handle your emotions on your own, without outside help.”
B) “Seeking emotional support from family, friends, or a professional counselor can help you adjust and cope with your feelings after treatment.”
C) “There’s no need to worry about your emotional health, as it will naturally improve over time.”
D) “You should avoid discussing your emotions with others, as it might make you feel worse.”

 

A cancer survivor who has finished radiation therapy is concerned about hair loss. What is the nurse’s best response?

A) “Hair loss is permanent after radiation therapy and will not grow back.”
B) “Hair loss may occur during radiation therapy, but it typically regrows once treatment is completed.”
C) “Hair loss is uncommon with radiation therapy, so you do not need to worry about it.”
D) “You should avoid any hair care products to prevent further loss during treatment.”

 

NCLEX Caring for the Cancer Survivor Practice Questions and Answers

 

A 50-year-old female cancer survivor, who has completed treatment for breast cancer, expresses concern about recurrence and the long-term effects of chemotherapy. As the nurse, how would you address her concerns, and what advice would you give regarding follow-up care and lifestyle modifications to improve her long-term health outcomes?

Answer:

As the nurse, it’s important to provide the cancer survivor with clear, empathetic, and evidence-based information about recurrence risks and long-term health outcomes. I would begin by explaining that while cancer recurrence is a concern, regular follow-up care and screenings are critical in detecting any potential issues early. She should continue with routine appointments with her oncologist, mammograms, and any additional imaging or blood tests as prescribed.

I would also emphasize that chemotherapy can have long-term effects on various organ systems, such as the heart, bones, and reproductive organs. Regular monitoring for these effects should be included in her follow-up care plan. For example, bone density tests might be needed, as chemotherapy can lead to early menopause and bone loss.

Regarding lifestyle modifications, I would encourage her to adopt a healthy lifestyle, which includes regular physical activity, a balanced diet, and weight management. Physical activity has been shown to reduce the risk of recurrence and improve overall health. I would recommend that she aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week. Furthermore, a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, while low in processed foods and red meat, can help reduce the risk of cancer recurrence.

Lastly, I would discuss the importance of quitting smoking and limiting alcohol consumption, as both can increase the risk of recurrence. Stress management through relaxation techniques, such as yoga or meditation, can also be beneficial in improving quality of life and emotional well-being.

 

A 60-year-old male cancer survivor who underwent treatment for prostate cancer is experiencing difficulty coping with the emotional and psychological effects of his diagnosis and treatment. He expresses feelings of sadness, fear, and isolation. How would you, as the nurse, assist him in managing these feelings, and what resources would you provide for emotional support?

Answer:

As the nurse, it is important to approach the emotional and psychological concerns of a cancer survivor with empathy and support. The feelings of sadness, fear, and isolation that this patient is experiencing are common in cancer survivors, as they often have to adjust to life after treatment and cope with the uncertainties about the future.

I would first acknowledge the patient’s feelings and reassure him that what he is experiencing is normal. It is essential to create an open and non-judgmental space for the patient to express his emotions. Listening attentively to his concerns and validating his feelings would help in building trust and rapport.

I would educate him on the psychological and emotional challenges that cancer survivors often face, including anxiety about recurrence, changes in body image, and concerns about life expectancy. I would emphasize that it is okay to feel overwhelmed at times and that seeking support is an important part of healing.

To help him manage these feelings, I would provide information about available emotional and psychological support resources. This could include referrals to a cancer support group, where he could connect with others who have gone through similar experiences. Support groups provide a sense of community and reduce feelings of isolation. I would also suggest individual counseling with a therapist who specializes in cancer survivorship, as professional therapy can assist him in coping with stress, anxiety, and depression.

Furthermore, I would recommend stress-relief techniques, such as deep breathing exercises, progressive muscle relaxation, or mindfulness meditation. These practices can help reduce anxiety and improve emotional well-being. Additionally, physical activity has been shown to reduce stress and improve mood, so I would encourage him to engage in regular exercise, if appropriate.

Lastly, I would check in with him regularly to assess his emotional state and offer continued support. By providing ongoing validation and support, I can help him cope with the emotional aftermath of cancer treatment.

 

A cancer survivor is concerned about the risk of developing a second cancer after completing treatment for their first cancer. As the nurse, how would you explain the potential risk factors for second cancers, and what preventative measures or screenings would you recommend to reduce their risk?

Answer:

As the nurse, it is important to provide the cancer survivor with accurate and reassuring information about the potential risks of developing a second cancer after completing treatment. Although the risk of a second cancer is a valid concern, it is important to emphasize that the risk varies depending on several factors, including the type of cancer they had, the treatments they received, and their lifestyle choices.

First, I would explain that certain treatments, such as radiation therapy and chemotherapy, can increase the risk of developing a second cancer later in life. This is particularly true for cancers like leukemia, lymphoma, or other types of solid tumors, which may have been induced by the treatments used to treat the initial cancer. However, it is important to reassure the patient that not all cancer treatments increase the risk of second cancers, and the benefits of treatment often outweigh the risks.

In terms of preventive measures, I would emphasize the importance of regular screenings and follow-up care. The patient should continue with any recommended screenings for their type of cancer, as well as screenings for common second cancers associated with their previous treatments. For example, if the patient had breast cancer and received radiation therapy, they should continue with regular mammograms and may need additional imaging or lab tests based on their treatment history.

I would also discuss lifestyle modifications that can help reduce the risk of developing a second cancer. These include maintaining a healthy weight, staying physically active, avoiding tobacco use, and limiting alcohol consumption. A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and fiber, while low in red and processed meats, can help lower cancer risk.

Additionally, I would encourage the patient to be vigilant about avoiding exposure to environmental carcinogens, such as secondhand smoke and harmful chemicals. If the patient has a family history of cancer, genetic counseling might be appropriate to assess inherited risks and guide further prevention strategies.

Lastly, I would emphasize the importance of open communication with their healthcare provider about any new symptoms or concerns. Regular check-ups and being proactive about monitoring health can help detect potential issues early, improving outcomes if a second cancer does arise.

 

A cancer survivor has recently completed chemotherapy for leukemia and is experiencing fatigue, which significantly impacts their daily activities. How would you address the patient’s concerns about fatigue, and what interventions would you recommend to manage and alleviate the fatigue they are experiencing?

Answer:

Fatigue is a common and distressing side effect experienced by many cancer survivors, especially those who have undergone chemotherapy. As the nurse, it is important to address the patient’s concerns about fatigue with empathy and provide practical strategies to help manage and alleviate the fatigue.

I would first assess the patient’s level of fatigue using a standardized tool, such as a fatigue scale, to determine the severity of their fatigue and its impact on their daily activities. Understanding the specific factors contributing to the fatigue will help guide appropriate interventions.

I would explain to the patient that fatigue can result from various factors related to cancer treatment, including chemotherapy, anemia, sleep disturbances, and stress. It is important to reassure the patient that fatigue is a common experience and that it typically improves over time as their body recovers.

To manage fatigue, I would recommend the following interventions:

1. Energy Conservation Techniques: Encourage the patient to prioritize rest while balancing activity. This can be achieved by breaking tasks into smaller, manageable steps, taking frequent rest breaks, and conserving energy for essential activities.
2. Physical Activity: Engaging in light physical activity, such as walking or gentle stretching, can help improve energy levels and reduce fatigue. Exercise stimulates circulation and improves muscle strength, which can reduce feelings of tiredness. I would advise the patient to start slowly and gradually increase activity levels as tolerated.
3. Sleep Hygiene: Recommend improving sleep hygiene by establishing a regular sleep schedule, creating a quiet and comfortable sleep environment, and avoiding stimulants like caffeine close to bedtime. Proper rest is essential for recovery and reducing fatigue.
4. Nutrition: Ensure that the patient is eating a well-balanced diet to support energy levels. Iron-rich foods, protein, and plenty of fluids can help alleviate fatigue caused by anemia. I would also refer the patient to a dietitian for personalized nutritional guidance if necessary.
5. Psychological Support: Fatigue can sometimes be exacerbated by stress, anxiety, or depression, so it is important to assess the patient’s mental health. I would recommend relaxation techniques, such as deep breathing or meditation, to help manage stress. Referring the patient to a counselor or support group may also be beneficial for emotional support.

Finally, I would provide ongoing follow-up to monitor the patient’s fatigue levels and ensure that the interventions are effective. Regular communication and support are key to managing fatigue in cancer survivors.

 

A 45-year-old male cancer survivor who underwent treatment for colon cancer expresses concerns about his sexual health after completing chemotherapy and surgery. He reports erectile dysfunction and decreased libido, which are affecting his quality of life and marriage. As the nurse, how would you address his concerns and provide support for managing the sexual health changes related to cancer treatment?

Answer:

As a nurse, addressing sexual health concerns in cancer survivors is vital for improving their quality of life and emotional well-being. First, I would approach the topic with sensitivity and respect, acknowledging that sexual health issues are common after cancer treatment but are not often discussed openly. It is important to create a safe, nonjudgmental environment where the patient feels comfortable expressing their concerns.

I would explain to the patient that erectile dysfunction (ED) and decreased libido are common side effects of chemotherapy, surgery, and other cancer treatments. These issues may be caused by a variety of factors, including hormonal changes, nerve damage, fatigue, anxiety, or changes in body image. It is important for him to understand that these changes are a natural consequence of the treatment and that they are treatable.

The first step would be to assess the patient’s overall health and any specific underlying medical conditions, such as diabetes or cardiovascular disease, that may contribute to ED. I would also assess his mental and emotional health, as anxiety, depression, and stress can exacerbate sexual health concerns.

To manage these changes, I would provide the patient with information on possible interventions. These may include:

1. Medications: Phosphodiesterase inhibitors, such as sildenafil (Viagra) or tadalafil (Cialis), can be effective in treating erectile dysfunction. I would encourage the patient to speak with his physician about potential pharmacologic treatments.
2. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): If low testosterone levels are contributing to his decreased libido, hormone replacement therapy may be an option. I would advise him to discuss this with his oncologist.
3. Psychosexual Counseling: I would recommend that the patient and his partner consider counseling with a sexual health therapist. Therapy can address emotional issues, body image concerns, and intimacy issues, which can improve sexual function and communication between partners.
4. Lifestyle Modifications: Encouraging the patient to engage in regular physical activity, eat a healthy diet, manage stress, and avoid smoking or excessive alcohol consumption can improve overall health and sexual function.

Finally, I would encourage open communication with his partner, as this can help reduce feelings of isolation and improve intimacy. I would remind the patient that it is essential to discuss his concerns with his healthcare provider, as there are various treatment options available to address sexual health challenges.

 

A cancer survivor who has completed radiation therapy for head and neck cancer is experiencing dry mouth (xerostomia), which is interfering with their ability to eat, speak, and maintain good oral hygiene. How would you address the patient’s concerns, and what interventions would you recommend to manage the symptoms and improve their quality of life?

Answer:

Dry mouth (xerostomia) is a common and challenging side effect of radiation therapy for head and neck cancer. As the nurse, it is important to acknowledge the patient’s discomfort and provide both emotional support and practical strategies to manage the symptoms.

First, I would explain to the patient that radiation therapy can damage the salivary glands, leading to decreased saliva production. This can result in difficulty speaking, eating, and maintaining oral hygiene. I would reassure the patient that while the symptoms may be bothersome, there are strategies and treatments available to alleviate the discomfort and improve their quality of life.

I would recommend the following interventions to manage xerostomia:

1. Saliva Substitutes: I would suggest using saliva substitutes, such as mouthwashes or gels, which can help moisten the mouth and provide temporary relief. These products can help with speaking, swallowing, and maintaining comfort during meals.
2. Hydration: Encourage the patient to drink water regularly throughout the day to keep the mouth moist. Sipping water frequently or using a water bottle with a straw can also help with hydration.
3. Oral Care: Good oral hygiene is crucial to prevent infections and tooth decay when dealing with dry mouth. I would recommend the patient brush their teeth with fluoride toothpaste and floss at least twice a day, as well as use an alcohol-free mouthwash. Regular dental checkups are also essential to monitor oral health.
4. Chewing Gum or Lozenges: I would suggest the patient chew sugar-free gum or lozenges to stimulate saliva production. There are also specific products available designed to help with dry mouth symptoms.
5. Dietary Changes: Recommend that the patient avoid spicy, salty, and acidic foods, as these can exacerbate dry mouth symptoms. Instead, they should consume soft, moist foods that are easier to swallow and less likely to irritate the oral mucosa.
6. Medications: I would discuss the possibility of using medications, such as pilocarpine or cevimeline, which can stimulate saliva production. These medications should be prescribed by the healthcare provider.
7. Humidification: Suggest using a humidifier, especially at night, to maintain moisture in the air and reduce the dryness in the mouth during sleep.

I would also educate the patient about the potential long-term effects of xerostomia and how managing the condition can help prevent complications, such as dental decay and difficulty swallowing. Providing emotional support and reassurance is essential in helping the patient cope with these challenges.

 

A 55-year-old female cancer survivor is dealing with the psychological impact of her diagnosis and treatment for ovarian cancer. She expresses feelings of depression and anxiety, and her emotional well-being has significantly deteriorated. As the nurse, how would you approach her emotional concerns, and what strategies or resources would you recommend to help her cope with her emotional distress?

Answer:

As the nurse, it is important to address the psychological impact of cancer and its treatment on the patient’s emotional well-being. Feelings of depression and anxiety are common in cancer survivors, and it is essential to provide compassionate support and evidence-based interventions to help the patient manage these emotional concerns.

First, I would listen to the patient’s feelings without judgment, acknowledging the emotional challenges she is facing. It’s crucial to validate her emotions, as feelings of sadness, anger, and fear are common after a cancer diagnosis and treatment. I would explain that emotional distress is a normal response to the changes and uncertainties brought about by cancer treatment and that support is available to help her navigate these challenges.

To assist the patient in managing her depression and anxiety, I would recommend the following strategies:

1. Psychosocial Support: I would refer the patient to a counselor or therapist specializing in cancer care, as psychotherapy can be an effective way to manage depression and anxiety. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has been shown to be particularly effective in treating cancer-related emotional distress.
2. Support Groups: Encourage the patient to consider joining a cancer support group. Support groups provide a sense of community and allow patients to share their experiences with others who understand their struggles. This can help alleviate feelings of isolation and provide emotional comfort.
3. Stress-Reduction Techniques: I would recommend relaxation techniques, such as deep breathing exercises, progressive muscle relaxation, or mindfulness meditation, to help manage anxiety and reduce stress. These techniques can be effective in improving emotional well-being and relaxation.
4. Physical Activity: Regular exercise has been shown to improve mood, reduce anxiety, and alleviate symptoms of depression. I would encourage the patient to engage in light to moderate physical activity, such as walking, yoga, or swimming, to improve both physical and emotional health.
5. Medication: If the patient’s emotional distress is severe and interferes with daily functioning, I would recommend that she discuss the possibility of using antidepressant or anti-anxiety medications with her healthcare provider. Medications can be an important part of managing psychological distress, especially when combined with counseling.
6. Family Involvement: Encourage the patient to communicate openly with her family and loved ones. Support from family members can play a key role in emotional recovery and help the patient feel understood and less isolated.

Finally, I would continue to monitor the patient’s emotional well-being during follow-up visits and offer ongoing support. It’s important to provide reassurance that it’s okay to ask for help and that addressing emotional health is a crucial part of the healing process.

$5.99 – Purchase Checkout Added to cart