NURS 3005 – The Context of Healthcare Delivery Practice Test
Which factor plays a critical role in improving healthcare delivery in the United States?
A) Increased privatization of healthcare
B) Effective nurse advocacy through policy and politics
C) Expansion of pharmaceutical marketing
D) Reducing the number of healthcare regulations
The primary goal of healthcare policy analysis is to:
A) Increase hospital profitability
B) Identify and address issues related to access, equity, and affordability
C) Promote competition among healthcare providers
D) Restrict government involvement in healthcare
Which healthcare system component primarily addresses disparities in access to care?
A) Nursing education
B) Medicare and Medicaid programs
C) Hospital administration
D) Pharmaceutical research
Which of the following best describes social justice in healthcare?
A) Equal healthcare outcomes for all populations
B) Ensuring that every patient receives the same treatment regardless of need
C) Fair distribution of healthcare resources based on need
D) Elimination of all healthcare costs
Nurses can influence healthcare policy by:
A) Avoiding political discussions in practice
B) Engaging in advocacy through professional associations
C) Limiting their role to direct patient care
D) Focusing only on hospital-based policies
What is the primary function of the Affordable Care Act (ACA)?
A) To privatize healthcare
B) To expand access to health insurance and reduce costs
C) To eliminate government funding for healthcare programs
D) To promote for-profit healthcare institutions
The main reason for healthcare disparities in the U.S. is:
A) Lack of hospital infrastructure
B) Unequal access to care based on socioeconomic status
C) A shortage of healthcare providers
D) Low technological advancements in medicine
Which of the following organizations is most involved in setting healthcare policies?
A) American Nurses Association (ANA)
B) National Football League (NFL)
C) U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)
D) Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
What is the purpose of a nurse participating in policy-making at the state level?
A) To ensure hospital profitability
B) To advocate for policies that improve patient care
C) To limit regulations on private healthcare companies
D) To increase insurance premiums for better coverage
The primary concern of health equity is:
A) Ensuring everyone pays the same for healthcare services
B) Addressing barriers that prevent disadvantaged groups from receiving care
C) Increasing competition between hospitals
D) Standardizing healthcare insurance plans
A key factor in improving patient safety is:
A) Reducing access to emergency care
B) Implementing evidence-based nursing practices
C) Increasing healthcare costs
D) Limiting patient education efforts
The Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommends that nurses:
A) Take a passive role in healthcare reform
B) Play an active role in shaping healthcare policy
C) Focus only on bedside nursing
D) Avoid engaging in political discussions
Which population is most vulnerable to healthcare disparities?
A) Middle-class individuals
B) Uninsured and low-income populations
C) Patients with private insurance
D) Individuals with employer-sponsored insurance
Which policy initiative focuses on reducing hospital readmissions?
A) Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program (HRRP)
B) Medicare Advantage Program
C) Healthcare Profitability Act
D) Nursing Practice Reform Act
The role of nurses in legislative advocacy includes:
A) Writing policies without stakeholder input
B) Educating policymakers on healthcare issues
C) Avoiding discussions on healthcare reform
D) Supporting only hospital-driven policies
What does the term “healthcare affordability” refer to?
A) The ability of hospitals to remain profitable
B) Ensuring individuals can access necessary care without financial hardship
C) Reducing salaries of healthcare professionals
D) Eliminating public health programs
Which of the following contributes most to healthcare inequities?
A) Geographic location and socioeconomic status
B) The number of hospitals in a region
C) The level of competition between healthcare providers
D) The availability of private insurance plans
Why is interdisciplinary collaboration important in healthcare delivery?
A) It helps reduce nursing workload
B) It improves patient outcomes through coordinated care
C) It allows physicians to work independently
D) It focuses only on hospital administration efficiency
Which federal agency oversees Medicare and Medicaid programs?
A) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
B) Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
C) Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
D) National Institutes of Health (NIH)
Which of the following is a major barrier to healthcare access?
A) High out-of-pocket costs
B) Increased use of electronic health records
C) Expansion of telehealth services
D) Improved patient education
What is the primary goal of value-based care?
A) To prioritize healthcare costs over quality
B) To improve patient outcomes while controlling costs
C) To eliminate government regulations in healthcare
D) To increase the number of hospital admissions
The Nurse Practice Act in each state is responsible for:
A) Regulating nurse licensing and practice
B) Determining hospital funding
C) Creating federal healthcare policies
D) Setting pharmaceutical prices
Which social determinant of health significantly impacts patient outcomes?
A) Access to healthy food and safe housing
B) Number of medical schools in a state
C) Presence of healthcare advertisements
D) The use of technology in hospitals
What is the role of accreditation bodies like The Joint Commission?
A) To ensure hospitals meet safety and quality standards
B) To determine healthcare insurance rates
C) To establish pharmaceutical pricing
D) To oversee hospital staff hiring decisions
How can nurses advocate for vulnerable populations?
A) By participating in health policy discussions and initiatives
B) By focusing only on individual patient care
C) By limiting their involvement in social issues
D) By avoiding policy advocacy to remain neutral
What is the primary focus of public health policies?
A) Individual patient care only
B) Population health and disease prevention
C) Maximizing hospital profits
D) Limiting access to healthcare services
Medicaid expansion under the ACA aimed to:
A) Reduce healthcare costs for insurance companies
B) Extend health coverage to low-income individuals
C) Decrease government involvement in healthcare
D) Eliminate healthcare subsidies
Which ethical principle is most relevant to healthcare equity?
A) Justice
B) Autonomy
C) Beneficence
D) Nonmaleficence
Which is an example of a healthcare system-level intervention?
A) A hospital implementing new nursing uniforms
B) A national policy requiring insurance coverage for preventive care
C) A physician changing office hours
D) A nurse administering vaccines
The biggest challenge in healthcare policy implementation is:
A) Financial and political barriers
B) Nursing education requirements
C) Increased use of electronic health records
D) The expansion of hospital networks
31. Which group is most affected by healthcare access disparities in the U.S.?
A) Individuals with employer-sponsored insurance
B) High-income populations
C) Uninsured and low-income individuals
D) People living in urban centers with multiple hospitals
32. One of the key roles of the American Nurses Association (ANA) in healthcare policy is to:
A) Advocate for nursing workforce issues and patient care policies
B) Set insurance reimbursement rates for hospitals
C) Develop medical treatment guidelines for physicians
D) Manage hospital funding allocation
33. What is the primary function of Medicare?
A) Providing health coverage for low-income individuals
B) Offering health insurance to individuals 65 and older and certain disabled individuals
C) Regulating private health insurance companies
D) Covering only emergency healthcare services
34. What is one of the main objectives of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA)?
A) To reduce the number of insured individuals
B) To expand Medicaid eligibility and improve access to care
C) To eliminate employer-sponsored insurance
D) To decrease funding for preventive care
35. Nurses can advocate for healthcare reform by:
A) Staying uninvolved in political discussions
B) Participating in legislative hearings and policy discussions
C) Limiting their practice to direct patient care
D) Avoiding membership in professional organizations
36. Which of the following contributes to higher healthcare costs in the U.S.?
A) Universal health coverage
B) High administrative costs and expensive medical procedures
C) Limited use of medical technology
D) Government control over healthcare prices
37. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) primarily focuses on:
A) Public health and disease prevention
B) Setting healthcare insurance rates
C) Managing individual hospital operations
D) Providing direct patient care in hospitals
38. A major goal of population health initiatives is to:
A) Improve health outcomes for an entire community
B) Increase individual healthcare spending
C) Reduce nursing salaries
D) Eliminate primary care services
39. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) is designed to:
A) Regulate hospital pricing
B) Protect patient privacy and health information
C) Increase pharmaceutical sales
D) Allow employers to access patient health records
40. Which of the following is an example of a healthcare policy affecting nursing practice?
A) Nurse staffing ratio laws
B) Airline safety regulations
C) Corporate tax policies
D) Patent laws for new drugs
41. Which population faces the greatest barriers to healthcare access?
A) Elderly individuals with Medicare
B) Individuals with employer-sponsored insurance
C) Uninsured individuals in rural areas
D) Patients with concierge medical services
42. A nurse advocating for health equity would focus on:
A) Reducing access to specialized healthcare services
B) Addressing social determinants of health
C) Limiting healthcare services for non-paying patients
D) Eliminating government-funded health programs
43. The purpose of health promotion programs is to:
A) Prevent disease and improve community health
B) Increase hospital revenue
C) Reduce physician workload
D) Limit the availability of primary care services
44. Which of the following is an example of a social determinant of health?
A) Number of emergency rooms in a hospital
B) Access to education and employment opportunities
C) The total number of doctors in a hospital
D) Availability of the latest surgical technology
45. One major outcome of Medicaid expansion under the ACA has been:
A) Increased access to healthcare for low-income individuals
B) Reduction in the number of insured individuals
C) Elimination of private health insurance
D) Decreased use of preventative services
46. Which of the following is a major issue affecting rural healthcare delivery?
A) Limited access to healthcare providers and facilities
B) Overcrowding of hospitals
C) High availability of specialty medical services
D) Excessive nurse-to-patient ratios
47. One way nurses can influence health policy is by:
A) Ignoring legislative processes
B) Providing testimony at public hearings
C) Refusing to engage in advocacy efforts
D) Avoiding involvement in professional organizations
48. The role of the World Health Organization (WHO) in healthcare policy is to:
A) Monitor global health trends and recommend policies
B) Regulate hospital billing practices
C) Oversee individual U.S. healthcare providers
D) Set pharmaceutical prices worldwide
49. Why is healthcare workforce diversity important?
A) It improves cultural competence and reduces disparities in care
B) It ensures equal income for all healthcare workers
C) It decreases the demand for specialized care
D) It limits the scope of healthcare services
50. Which of the following factors can help improve patient safety in healthcare settings?
A) Strong nurse leadership and evidence-based practice
B) Reducing patient education initiatives
C) Eliminating nurse-led quality improvement programs
D) Increasing patient-to-nurse ratios
51. The Healthy People 2030 initiative focuses on:
A) Improving population health and reducing health disparities
B) Increasing private hospital ownership
C) Reducing healthcare provider licensing requirements
D) Limiting access to government-funded healthcare
52. How does telehealth improve healthcare delivery?
A) By increasing access to care, especially in underserved areas
B) By eliminating the need for primary care providers
C) By restricting access to specialist consultations
D) By replacing in-person emergency care
53. A major concern regarding for-profit healthcare systems is:
A) The potential prioritization of profit over patient care
B) Increased access to care for uninsured patients
C) Elimination of healthcare disparities
D) Expansion of government-funded health programs
54. Which of the following is a major challenge in long-term healthcare policy reform?
A) Political and financial barriers
B) Lack of medical technology
C) Overregulation of private hospitals
D) Low demand for healthcare services
55. What is the main focus of the Magnet Recognition Program for hospitals?
A) Promoting excellence in nursing practice and patient outcomes
B) Reducing nursing education requirements
C) Increasing profit margins for hospitals
D) Restricting government oversight in healthcare
56. The Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI) is best known for:
A) Leading quality improvement initiatives in healthcare
B) Setting hospital insurance rates
C) Regulating healthcare provider salaries
D) Licensing medical professionals
57. What is one strategy for reducing health disparities among underserved populations?
A) Expanding community-based healthcare programs
B) Increasing healthcare costs
C) Reducing healthcare provider training
D) Eliminating government involvement in healthcare
58. Which of the following best describes the concept of patient-centered care?
A) Healthcare that prioritizes patient needs, preferences, and values
B) Treatment decisions made only by physicians
C) Healthcare focused solely on cost-cutting measures
D) A system that eliminates shared decision-making
59. The Triple Aim framework in healthcare focuses on improving:
A) Patient experience, population health, and reducing costs
B) Physician salaries, hospital revenue, and medical technology
C) Pharmaceutical development, insurance premiums, and patient satisfaction
D) Government regulations, malpractice lawsuits, and nursing education
60. Which of the following is a key component of social justice in healthcare?
A) Equitable access to quality healthcare for all individuals
B) Privatization of all healthcare services
C) Increasing healthcare costs for underserved populations
D) Restricting healthcare services to urban areas only
61. The Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act (EMTALA) requires hospitals to:
A) Provide emergency care regardless of a patient’s ability to pay
B) Limit emergency services to insured patients
C) Only provide care to legal residents
D) Charge all patients upfront for emergency treatment
62. A major barrier to achieving universal healthcare in the United States is:
A) The high cost and complexity of healthcare financing
B) The availability of too many healthcare providers
C) The lack of technology in hospitals
D) The elimination of private insurance companies
63. One reason for the growing demand for nurses in healthcare is:
A) The aging population and increasing chronic disease prevalence
B) The decrease in medical school graduates
C) The elimination of long-term care facilities
D) The decreasing number of hospital admissions
64. How can nurses help address healthcare disparities?
A) By advocating for policies that improve access and equity
B) By limiting patient education efforts
C) By only focusing on acute care settings
D) By reducing the use of evidence-based practice
65. A nurse advocating for Medicaid expansion is supporting:
A) Increased healthcare access for low-income individuals
B) The reduction of government-funded health programs
C) Higher private insurance premiums
D) The elimination of preventive care services
66. The Institute of Medicine’s (now National Academy of Medicine) report The Future of Nursing emphasized:
A) Expanding nurses’ roles in leadership and primary care
B) Reducing educational requirements for nurses
C) Eliminating nurse-led initiatives in healthcare
D) Limiting the use of advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs)
67. What is the main goal of value-based healthcare?
A) Improving patient outcomes while reducing healthcare costs
B) Increasing hospital profits regardless of patient outcomes
C) Prioritizing treatment quantity over quality
D) Reducing the role of nurses in patient care
68. Health literacy is essential because it helps individuals:
A) Make informed healthcare decisions
B) Avoid seeking medical care
C) Rely solely on emergency department visits
D) Reduce their interactions with healthcare providers
69. One of the primary reasons for healthcare provider shortages in rural areas is:
A) Limited financial incentives and resources for providers
B) A high number of hospitals in those areas
C) A lack of demand for medical services
D) The oversupply of specialists in small communities
70. A nurse interested in influencing healthcare policy should:
A) Engage with professional nursing organizations and legislators
B) Avoid discussing policy issues
C) Focus only on bedside care
D) Ignore legislative developments
71. The primary purpose of accountable care organizations (ACOs) is to:
A) Improve coordination of care and reduce costs
B) Increase the number of independent healthcare providers
C) Eliminate government involvement in healthcare
D) Prioritize volume-based over value-based care
72. What is a key reason for racial and ethnic disparities in healthcare?
A) Differences in social determinants of health
B) Excessive government funding
C) Lack of medical research advancements
D) Increased nurse-to-patient ratios
73. A major goal of the National Patient Safety Goals (NPSG) is to:
A) Reduce medical errors and improve patient outcomes
B) Increase administrative paperwork in healthcare facilities
C) Limit access to new healthcare technologies
D) Restrict communication between nurses and patients
74. What is a major factor contributing to high prescription drug costs in the U.S.?
A) Lack of pricing regulation on pharmaceuticals
B) Government control over drug prices
C) The elimination of patent protections
D) Low research and development costs
75. A major disadvantage of a fee-for-service healthcare model is that it:
A) Incentivizes quantity over quality in care delivery
B) Reduces patient costs significantly
C) Emphasizes preventive care over acute treatment
D) Limits the need for healthcare provider involvement
76. Why is interdisciplinary collaboration important in healthcare?
A) It improves patient outcomes and enhances efficiency
B) It limits communication between professionals
C) It reduces the role of nurses in patient care
D) It discourages teamwork among healthcare providers
77. The nurse’s role in disaster preparedness includes:
A) Assisting in emergency response planning and patient care coordination
B) Ignoring emergency protocols
C) Relying solely on physicians for disaster response
D) Avoiding participation in emergency drills
78. How do social determinants of health impact healthcare outcomes?
A) They influence access, quality of care, and overall health status
B) They only affect individuals with chronic illnesses
C) They are unrelated to patient health
D) They have minimal impact on healthcare disparities
79. The role of the Joint Commission in healthcare is to:
A) Set standards for quality and patient safety
B) Regulate hospital construction projects
C) Limit government oversight in healthcare
D) Increase nursing education requirements
80. What is the impact of nurse staffing ratios on patient outcomes?
A) Lower nurse-to-patient ratios improve patient safety and care quality
B) High patient loads reduce stress for nurses
C) Increased patient assignments enhance efficiency
D) Nurse staffing has no effect on healthcare quality
81. The purpose of health impact assessments (HIAs) is to:
A) Evaluate how policies and programs affect public health
B) Increase healthcare costs
C) Reduce the role of nurses in decision-making
D) Focus only on hospital-based care
82. The role of nurse practitioners in primary care is expanding because:
A) They help address physician shortages and improve access to care
B) They limit patient access to specialists
C) They reduce the need for preventive care
D) They focus only on administrative tasks
83. The goal of the National Quality Strategy (NQS) is to:
A) Improve healthcare quality, efficiency, and patient safety
B) Increase healthcare costs for all individuals
C) Reduce the role of nurses in care coordination
D) Restrict the use of evidence-based practice
84. The biggest challenge in achieving health equity is:
A) Addressing social and economic barriers to care
B) Expanding healthcare disparities
C) Reducing preventive care services
D) Eliminating cultural competency training
85. How can nurses effectively advocate for healthcare policy change?
A) By engaging in policy discussions and educating legislators
B) By avoiding involvement in advocacy efforts
C) By ignoring political and healthcare policy issues
D) By focusing only on direct patient care
86. The purpose of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) was to:
A) Expand access to healthcare and reduce costs
B) Eliminate Medicaid and Medicare programs
C) Privatize all healthcare services
D) Reduce the number of healthcare facilities
87. What is a key goal of patient-centered care?
A) To involve patients in decision-making about their healthcare
B) To reduce patient participation in healthcare planning
C) To prioritize provider preferences over patient needs
D) To focus solely on cost reduction without considering patient outcomes
88. The role of state governments in healthcare policy includes:
A) Regulating Medicaid programs and public health initiatives
B) Controlling all private insurance companies
C) Reducing access to healthcare for rural communities
D) Eliminating federal healthcare policies
89. What is a key challenge of the U.S. healthcare system compared to other developed nations?
A) Higher costs with lower overall health outcomes
B) Universal access to free healthcare
C) Minimal investment in medical research
D) Over-regulation of hospital systems
90. Which of the following is a major contributor to health disparities?
A) Unequal access to healthcare based on socioeconomic status
B) Standardized health insurance policies for all populations
C) Equal distribution of healthcare resources
D) Consistent healthcare affordability across all demographics
91. The purpose of public health programs is to:
A) Promote disease prevention and health equity
B) Increase healthcare costs for low-income populations
C) Reduce access to healthcare services
D) Focus only on treatment rather than prevention
92. One of the primary functions of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) is to:
A) Oversee government-funded health insurance programs
B) Limit healthcare coverage for the elderly
C) Reduce the number of insured individuals
D) Promote for-profit healthcare organizations
93. The role of professional nursing organizations in healthcare policy is to:
A) Advocate for policies that improve nursing practice and patient care
B) Restrict nurses from participating in legislative efforts
C) Eliminate evidence-based practice from nursing
D) Focus only on hospital administration policies
94. The Healthy People 2030 initiative focuses on:
A) Improving population health through evidence-based goals
B) Reducing public health initiatives
C) Limiting access to primary care services
D) Eliminating government-funded health research
95. A nurse engaged in legislative advocacy can impact healthcare policy by:
A) Communicating with policymakers and participating in policy discussions
B) Ignoring legislative processes related to healthcare
C) Avoiding discussions on health policy
D) Focusing only on clinical practice without considering broader healthcare systems
96. Which factor has the greatest influence on population health outcomes?
A) Social determinants of health
B) Advanced medical technology
C) High physician salaries
D) Private healthcare systems
97. Which policy most directly impacts healthcare access for low-income populations?
A) Medicaid expansion
B) Reduction of public health programs
C) Elimination of preventive care services
D) Privatization of all healthcare systems
98. A key strategy for reducing healthcare costs in the U.S. is:
A) Increasing preventive care and chronic disease management
B) Eliminating health insurance coverage
C) Reducing the number of primary care providers
D) Increasing the cost of prescription drugs
99. Health disparities can be reduced by:
A) Addressing economic, social, and environmental barriers to care
B) Limiting healthcare resources for underserved communities
C) Decreasing funding for public health programs
D) Restricting access to healthcare facilities
100. What is the purpose of accountable care organizations (ACOs)?
A) To improve healthcare coordination and quality while reducing costs
B) To limit patient access to specialists
C) To increase the length of hospital stays
D) To focus only on acute care settings
101. One of the main goals of telehealth services is to:
A) Increase healthcare access for rural and underserved populations
B) Reduce healthcare availability
C) Eliminate face-to-face interactions between patients and providers
D) Increase healthcare disparities
102. A key component of quality improvement in healthcare is:
A) Continuous assessment and evidence-based practice implementation
B) Reducing communication among healthcare teams
C) Eliminating nursing involvement in patient safety initiatives
D) Increasing healthcare costs for low-income populations
103. A major goal of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act is to:
A) Expand health insurance coverage and access to care
B) Limit Medicaid benefits
C) Reduce access to primary care services
D) Restrict patient rights in healthcare decision-making
104. A nurse advocating for healthcare policy change should prioritize:
A) Evidence-based solutions to improve healthcare access and outcomes
B) Policies that reduce healthcare access
C) Limiting interdisciplinary collaboration
D) Eliminating funding for nursing education programs
105. One way healthcare facilities can improve patient safety is by:
A) Implementing standardized protocols and checklists
B) Reducing the role of nurses in patient care
C) Increasing provider burnout
D) Ignoring evidence-based safety strategies
106. A key issue in healthcare workforce planning is:
A) Addressing nursing shortages to ensure quality care
B) Reducing the number of nurses in hospitals
C) Limiting opportunities for nursing education
D) Eliminating the need for continuing education in nursing
107. One challenge of the U.S. healthcare system is:
A) The high cost of care compared to other developed countries
B) Universal healthcare coverage for all individuals
C) Low healthcare spending relative to patient outcomes
D) The absence of healthcare regulations
108. The purpose of the Medicare program is to:
A) Provide health coverage for individuals aged 65 and older
B) Reduce healthcare access for elderly populations
C) Eliminate public health insurance options
D) Focus only on acute healthcare services
109. Which healthcare initiative aims to improve patient safety and quality of care?
A) The National Patient Safety Goals (NPSG)
B) Increasing hospital readmissions
C) Limiting infection prevention strategies
D) Eliminating continuing education for healthcare providers
110. The social determinants of health include factors such as:
A) Economic stability, education, and access to healthcare
B) The number of hospitals in a city
C) The availability of new medical technology
D) The presence of electronic health records
111. A key benefit of the Nurse Licensure Compact (NLC) is:
A) It allows nurses to practice in multiple states with one license
B) It restricts nurses from working in other states
C) It eliminates nursing licensure requirements
D) It limits nurses’ ability to participate in telehealth
112. The Future of Nursing report recommends:
A) Increasing the number of nurses with advanced degrees
B) Reducing the role of nurses in healthcare
C) Eliminating leadership opportunities for nurses
D) Limiting nursing practice to hospital settings
113. The role of nurses in reducing healthcare disparities includes:
A) Advocating for policy changes that improve access to care
B) Avoiding discussions on social determinants of health
C) Focusing only on treating illness rather than prevention
D) Limiting patient education efforts
114. What is the purpose of community-based healthcare initiatives?
A) To provide preventive and primary care in underserved areas
B) To increase healthcare costs for low-income populations
C) To reduce access to healthcare services
D) To focus only on specialized hospital-based treatments
115. Which government agency is responsible for overseeing public health at the federal level?
A) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
B) National Institutes of Health (NIH)
C) Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
D) Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
116. What is a primary objective of value-based care models?
A) Improving patient outcomes while reducing healthcare costs
B) Increasing the length of hospital stays
C) Prioritizing provider revenue over patient needs
D) Eliminating preventive care services
117. Which healthcare policy primarily addresses issues of healthcare access and affordability?
A) The Affordable Care Act (ACA)
B) The Social Security Act
C) The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
D) The Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act (EMTALA)
118. The purpose of the State Children’s Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) is to:
A) Provide health coverage for low-income children
B) Eliminate Medicaid coverage
C) Reduce insurance options for children
D) Privatize public healthcare programs
119. The primary goal of patient advocacy in healthcare policy is to:
A) Ensure patients receive equitable and quality care
B) Restrict patients’ access to healthcare services
C) Focus solely on hospital administration concerns
D) Eliminate patient rights in healthcare decision-making
120. One key feature of accountable care organizations (ACOs) is:
A) Coordinated care to improve patient outcomes and cost-efficiency
B) Increased fragmentation in healthcare delivery
C) Reduction in patient access to healthcare providers
D) Focus solely on emergency and acute care
121. What is a common barrier to healthcare access for rural populations?
A) Shortage of healthcare providers and facilities
B) Overabundance of healthcare services
C) Lack of patient interest in seeking care
D) High population density in rural areas
122. The goal of the National Health Service Corps (NHSC) is to:
A) Provide financial incentives for healthcare providers to work in underserved areas
B) Restrict healthcare provider access to rural regions
C) Increase the cost of healthcare for vulnerable populations
D) Limit funding for community health initiatives
123. One major goal of Medicare Part D is to:
A) Provide prescription drug coverage for Medicare beneficiaries
B) Reduce access to essential medications
C) Increase prescription drug costs
D) Eliminate Medicare coverage for seniors
124. Which of the following is a major determinant of health disparities?
A) Socioeconomic status
B) Number of hospitals in a country
C) Access to the latest medical technology
D) Insurance company profit margins
125. The Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act (EMTALA) requires:
A) Hospitals to provide emergency care regardless of a patient’s ability to pay
B) Patients to pay for emergency services upfront
C) Hospitals to refuse care to uninsured individuals
D) Only private hospitals to provide emergency treatment
126. A key strategy to improve health equity is to:
A) Address social determinants of health through policy initiatives
B) Reduce public health funding
C) Limit patient education programs
D) Restrict Medicaid expansion
127. What is the main function of health information technology (HIT) in healthcare delivery?
A) Enhancing communication, reducing errors, and improving efficiency
B) Eliminating the need for healthcare documentation
C) Restricting provider access to patient records
D) Increasing healthcare costs without improving quality
128. The primary goal of Medicaid is to:
A) Provide healthcare coverage for low-income individuals and families
B) Eliminate healthcare access for vulnerable populations
C) Reduce healthcare affordability
D) Limit insurance options for low-income groups
129. What is a key purpose of the Joint Commission in healthcare?
A) To accredit and ensure quality and safety in healthcare organizations
B) To eliminate regulatory oversight in hospitals
C) To increase hospital costs without improving care
D) To reduce patient safety initiatives
130. Which policy initiative focuses on improving maternal and child health?
A) Title V Maternal and Child Health Services Block Grant
B) The National Cancer Act
C) The Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act
D) The Federal Trade Commission Act
131. Which healthcare payment model emphasizes quality over quantity?
A) Value-based reimbursement
B) Fee-for-service
C) Out-of-pocket payments
D) Capitated payment models
132. What is a key goal of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)?
A) To provide evidence-based recommendations on preventive healthcare
B) To restrict access to preventive care services
C) To promote hospital readmissions
D) To eliminate funding for wellness initiatives
133. The Hill-Burton Act was responsible for:
A) Funding the construction of hospitals in underserved areas
B) Reducing hospital infrastructure nationwide
C) Eliminating federal support for healthcare facilities
D) Restricting access to healthcare in rural regions
134. What is the primary purpose of hospital readmission reduction programs?
A) To improve patient outcomes and reduce unnecessary readmissions
B) To increase hospital stays for all patients
C) To eliminate access to post-discharge care
D) To encourage hospitals to admit more patients
135. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) primarily protects:
A) Patient privacy and security of health information
B) Insurance company profits
C) Hospitals from malpractice lawsuits
D) Only healthcare provider confidentiality
136. Which factor contributes most to high healthcare costs in the U.S.?
A) Administrative expenses and inefficiencies
B) Low demand for medical services
C) Equal distribution of healthcare resources
D) Government regulation of all healthcare services
137. A major component of the Future of Nursing report is:
A) Expanding nurses’ roles in leadership and policy
B) Reducing opportunities for advanced practice nurses
C) Eliminating nursing education requirements
D) Restricting nurse involvement in advocacy
138. The goal of the Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH) model is to:
A) Provide coordinated, patient-focused primary care
B) Increase patient reliance on emergency departments
C) Reduce interdisciplinary collaboration
D) Restrict access to primary care services
139. One benefit of expanding the scope of practice for nurse practitioners is:
A) Increased access to primary care, especially in underserved areas
B) A decrease in patient autonomy in decision-making
C) A reduction in the number of primary care providers
D) Limiting the role of nurses in healthcare delivery
140. The purpose of accountable care organizations (ACOs) is to:
A) Improve healthcare coordination and reduce costs
B) Restrict healthcare access for underserved populations
C) Eliminate the need for primary care providers
D) Reduce patient participation in healthcare decisions
141. What is a major focus of the Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) framework?
A) Addressing non-medical factors that influence health outcomes
B) Increasing healthcare costs
C) Limiting access to healthcare services
D) Reducing funding for public health initiatives
142. Which federal program provides health insurance for individuals aged 65 and older?
A) Medicare
B) Medicaid
C) The Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP)
D) The Affordable Care Act (ACA)
143. What is one primary goal of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA)?
A) Expanding access to healthcare coverage
B) Eliminating employer-sponsored insurance
C) Reducing government involvement in healthcare
D) Restricting Medicaid eligibility
144. Which healthcare policy requires hospitals to stabilize and treat all patients in an emergency regardless of their ability to pay?
A) The Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act (EMTALA)
B) The Affordable Care Act (ACA)
C) The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
D) The Social Security Act
145. The purpose of Medicaid expansion under the Affordable Care Act was to:
A) Provide health coverage to more low-income individuals
B) Reduce the number of people covered under Medicaid
C) Increase healthcare costs for uninsured individuals
D) Eliminate federal funding for state health programs
146. Which of the following is a key goal of public health initiatives?
A) Preventing disease and promoting health in populations
B) Restricting community-based healthcare programs
C) Increasing hospital readmissions
D) Reducing funding for vaccination programs
147. Which healthcare model is designed to improve care coordination and patient outcomes?
A) Accountable Care Organization (ACO)
B) Fee-for-service model
C) Traditional private insurance model
D) Direct payment model
148. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) primarily focuses on:
A) Protecting patient privacy and security of health information
B) Increasing healthcare costs
C) Restricting access to electronic health records
D) Eliminating the need for informed consent
149. What is a primary factor that contributes to health disparities in the U.S.?
A) Socioeconomic status and social determinants of health
B) The number of hospitals per state
C) The length of patient hospital stays
D) The use of electronic health records
150. What is one major function of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)?
A) Administering federal healthcare programs like Medicare and Medicaid
B) Regulating hospital construction
C) Determining the scope of practice for nurses
D) Conducting food safety inspections
151. A significant barrier to healthcare access in the U.S. is:
A) High costs of medical care and lack of insurance coverage
B) An oversupply of healthcare providers
C) Limited availability of medical technology
D) Excess government funding for healthcare programs
152. Which healthcare model emphasizes preventative and coordinated care?
A) Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH)
B) Fee-for-service
C) Private insurance-only model
D) High-cost reimbursement model
153. What is one major challenge in achieving health equity?
A) Systemic barriers affecting underserved populations
B) A lack of chronic diseases in the population
C) Universal access to high-quality healthcare
D) Equal distribution of resources across all populations
154. The main objective of the Healthy People 2030 initiative is to:
A) Promote health and prevent disease at a national level
B) Reduce public health funding
C) Increase healthcare disparities
D) Focus solely on treating acute illnesses
155. Which legislation protects patients from discrimination based on pre-existing conditions?
A) The Affordable Care Act (ACA)
B) The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
C) The Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act (EMTALA)
D) The Social Security Act
156. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) Future of Nursing report emphasizes:
A) Increasing nurses’ role in leadership and healthcare policy
B) Limiting educational opportunities for nurses
C) Decreasing nursing workforce diversity
D) Eliminating nursing advocacy programs
157. Which organization is responsible for accrediting healthcare facilities in the U.S.?
A) The Joint Commission
B) The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
C) The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
D) The National Institutes of Health (NIH)
158. One of the key goals of healthcare reform is to:
A) Improve access, quality, and affordability of care
B) Restrict healthcare access for vulnerable populations
C) Increase hospital readmission rates
D) Reduce focus on preventive care
159. The purpose of health informatics in healthcare delivery is to:
A) Improve patient care through technology and data analysis
B) Increase paperwork requirements for healthcare providers
C) Restrict access to electronic health records
D) Replace human decision-making in medical care
160. A key role of nursing professionals in healthcare policy is:
A) Advocating for evidence-based policies that improve patient care
B) Avoiding involvement in legislative processes
C) Reducing communication with policymakers
D) Opposing healthcare reforms
161. The biggest contributor to healthcare costs in the U.S. is:
A) Administrative and operational expenses
B) Low patient demand for medical services
C) Minimal use of technology in healthcare
D) Equal healthcare access across all populations
162. What is a primary strategy for reducing hospital readmissions?
A) Enhancing care coordination and discharge planning
B) Increasing the number of emergency department visits
C) Reducing patient education initiatives
D) Restricting access to follow-up care
163. The goal of the Triple Aim framework in healthcare is to:
A) Improve population health, enhance patient experience, and reduce costs
B) Increase hospital admissions
C) Limit patient access to care
D) Decrease public health initiatives
164. Which of the following is a fundamental aspect of population health management?
A) Addressing social determinants of health
B) Reducing access to healthcare services
C) Increasing costs for preventative care
D) Eliminating patient-centered care models
165. What is one key role of professional nursing organizations in healthcare policy?
A) Advocating for policies that improve nursing practice and patient care
B) Restricting nurses’ involvement in healthcare leadership
C) Increasing regulatory burdens on nurses
D) Limiting the scope of practice for advanced practice nurses
166. A primary function of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is:
A) Overseeing national public health and social services programs
B) Regulating medical malpractice lawsuits
C) Setting nursing licensure requirements
D) Reducing access to government healthcare programs
167. The primary focus of community health nursing is to:
A) Improve population health through education and prevention
B) Provide care only to hospitalized patients
C) Reduce public health outreach efforts
D) Restrict access to health services in low-income areas
168. What is the primary purpose of the Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA)?
A) To ensure that patients are informed of their rights regarding advance directives
B) To mandate universal healthcare coverage
C) To limit access to long-term care services
D) To reduce hospital reimbursement rates
169. Which agency is responsible for developing evidence-based clinical practice guidelines in the U.S.?
A) Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)
B) National Institutes of Health (NIH)
C) Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
D) Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
170. Which of the following is a primary goal of value-based healthcare?
A) Improving patient outcomes while reducing costs
B) Increasing the volume of procedures performed
C) Eliminating preventive care services
D) Reducing collaboration between healthcare providers
171. The Social Security Act of 1965 led to the creation of which two major healthcare programs?
A) Medicare and Medicaid
B) The Affordable Care Act and CHIP
C) HIPAA and EMTALA
D) The Joint Commission and OSHA
172. Which of the following is an essential element of patient-centered care?
A) Respecting patient preferences and values
B) Limiting patient involvement in decision-making
C) Increasing healthcare costs without improving quality
D) Focusing only on acute care rather than prevention
173. A major barrier to achieving health equity in the U.S. is:
A) Disparities in access to care based on social and economic factors
B) Universal access to preventive care
C) Overuse of electronic health records
D) Increased government funding for public health programs
174. The role of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) in healthcare is to:
A) Ensure workplace safety standards and regulations
B) Regulate insurance reimbursement policies
C) Oversee hospital accreditation
D) Implement healthcare billing codes
175. What is a major focus of accountable care organizations (ACOs)?
A) Coordinating care to improve patient outcomes and reduce costs
B) Increasing the cost of emergency department visits
C) Limiting access to primary care providers
D) Reducing collaboration between healthcare teams
176. Which of the following best defines health policy?
A) Decisions, plans, and actions that shape healthcare delivery
B) Laws that only apply to hospitals
C) Regulations that govern medical research
D) Policies that restrict access to care
177. What is a key component of health literacy?
A) A patient’s ability to understand and use health information
B) A physician’s ability to diagnose diseases
C) The number of medical journals published annually
D) The amount of government spending on healthcare
178. The Quadruple Aim in healthcare expands on the Triple Aim by adding which fourth component?
A) Improving provider well-being
B) Reducing medical technology advancements
C) Increasing hospital admission rates
D) Limiting access to community health programs
179. What is one effect of healthcare consolidation on patient care?
A) It may reduce competition, leading to higher costs
B) It ensures every hospital offers identical services
C) It eliminates the need for healthcare regulation
D) It decreases the use of electronic health records
180. Which organization plays a major role in global public health initiatives?
A) World Health Organization (WHO)
B) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
C) National Institutes of Health (NIH)
D) The Joint Commission
181. What is a significant concern regarding the nursing workforce in the U.S.?
A) A shortage of nurses to meet patient care demands
B) An oversupply of nurses in rural areas
C) A lack of nursing education programs
D) A decline in healthcare funding
182. The primary purpose of the Stark Law is to:
A) Prevent physician self-referrals for financial gain
B) Regulate nurse licensure requirements
C) Reduce malpractice lawsuits
D) Increase healthcare provider salaries
183. Which of the following is a key characteristic of a high-functioning healthcare system?
A) Efficient use of resources and strong care coordination
B) High administrative costs with limited patient access
C) Minimal investment in preventative care
D) A fragmented approach to healthcare delivery
184. The purpose of the National Quality Forum (NQF) is to:
A) Develop and endorse standards for measuring healthcare quality
B) Regulate physician reimbursement rates
C) Restrict healthcare access in underserved areas
D) Implement policies limiting nursing practice
185. Which factor is most likely to influence patient health outcomes?
A) Social determinants of health
B) The number of hospitals in a city
C) The length of a patient’s hospital stay
D) The type of health insurance a hospital accepts
186. The purpose of bundled payments in healthcare reimbursement is to:
A) Encourage cost-effective, coordinated care
B) Increase provider payments for each procedure
C) Restrict access to specialty services
D) Extend hospital stays unnecessarily
187. What is one major goal of telehealth services?
A) Expanding healthcare access to rural and underserved populations
B) Eliminating in-person medical visits entirely
C) Increasing healthcare costs
D) Reducing the number of healthcare providers
188. What is a key benefit of integrating social workers into healthcare teams?
A) Addressing social determinants that affect patient health outcomes
B) Reducing patient access to community resources
C) Limiting interdisciplinary collaboration
D) Increasing administrative burdens for hospitals
189. A key strategy for improving patient safety in hospitals is:
A) Implementing evidence-based clinical guidelines
B) Reducing staff training programs
C) Limiting patient education initiatives
D) Increasing patient wait times
190. The function of the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) is to:
A) Improve access to healthcare for underserved populations
B) Regulate pharmaceutical pricing
C) Oversee medical research funding
D) Set insurance premium rates
191. The main focus of the Magnet Recognition Program is to:
A) Recognize nursing excellence in healthcare organizations
B) Increase hospital admission rates
C) Limit the role of nurses in leadership
D) Reduce access to nursing education
192. The role of a nurse advocate in healthcare policy includes:
A) Supporting policies that improve patient care and nursing practice
B) Avoiding involvement in legislative processes
C) Restricting access to healthcare resources
D) Eliminating healthcare advocacy organizations
193. What is a major benefit of interprofessional collaboration in healthcare?
A) Improved patient outcomes and care efficiency
B) Increased medical errors due to communication barriers
C) Higher healthcare costs with no improvement in quality
D) Reduced access to healthcare services
194. What is a primary focus of the National Institute for Nursing Research (NINR)?
A) Advancing nursing science to improve patient care
B) Setting national healthcare insurance policies
C) Regulating nursing licensure exams
D) Reducing funding for healthcare research
195. Which strategy helps reduce healthcare disparities among vulnerable populations?
A) Expanding access to preventive care and community health programs
B) Increasing the cost of healthcare services
C) Restricting Medicaid eligibility
D) Eliminating funding for rural health programs
196. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) expanded Medicaid eligibility to individuals with incomes up to what percentage of the federal poverty level (FPL)?
A) 100%
B) 138%
C) 150%
D) 200%
197. What is a major goal of the Institute for Healthcare Improvement’s (IHI) Triple Aim framework?
A) Enhancing patient experience, improving population health, and reducing costs
B) Expanding hospital networks and increasing revenue
C) Limiting healthcare access to reduce demand
D) Increasing medication costs to drive innovation
198. Which government agency is responsible for overseeing the accreditation of hospitals in the U.S.?
A) The Joint Commission
B) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
C) Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
D) National Institutes of Health (NIH)
199. A key strategy in reducing hospital readmission rates is:
A) Enhancing transitional care and discharge planning
B) Reducing access to primary care providers
C) Encouraging longer hospital stays
D) Increasing emergency room visits
200. What is the primary function of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)?
A) Regulating healthcare payment and reimbursement policies
B) Conducting pharmaceutical research
C) Overseeing private insurance companies
D) Setting medical malpractice laws
201. What is a major factor contributing to healthcare disparities in the U.S.?
A) Social determinants of health, such as income and education
B) Equal access to healthcare services
C) Standardized insurance coverage
D) Universal healthcare policies
202. What is the purpose of community health assessments (CHAs)?
A) Identifying key health needs and priorities in a population
B) Reducing hospital revenue
C) Restricting public health programs
D) Increasing health insurance premiums
203. Which of the following is an example of a social determinant of health?
A) Access to nutritious food
B) The type of hospital a patient visits
C) The number of prescriptions a patient takes
D) The amount of hospital revenue
204. What is a primary function of public health departments?
A) Preventing disease and promoting community well-being
B) Regulating pharmaceutical pricing
C) Managing hospital finances
D) Restricting access to preventive care
205. What does the term “population health” refer to?
A) Health outcomes of a group of individuals, including disparities and determinants
B) The number of hospitals in a given area
C) The total revenue generated by healthcare organizations
D) A patient’s individual health status
206. What is one of the main objectives of patient-centered medical homes (PCMHs)?
A) Improving coordination of care for chronic disease management
B) Increasing emergency department visits
C) Reducing access to preventive care
D) Limiting provider-patient communication
207. What is a major benefit of electronic health records (EHRs)?
A) Improved coordination and access to patient information
B) Increased paperwork for healthcare providers
C) Decreased efficiency in care delivery
D) Higher costs with no benefits
208. Which act protects patient health information privacy and security?
A) Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
B) Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act (EMTALA)
C) Affordable Care Act (ACA)
D) Stark Law
209. The term “healthcare access” refers to:
A) A patient’s ability to obtain needed medical services
B) The number of hospitals in a state
C) The total revenue of the healthcare industry
D) A physician’s salary
210. What is one key feature of the Affordable Care Act (ACA)?
A) Prohibiting insurance companies from denying coverage for pre-existing conditions
B) Eliminating Medicaid coverage
C) Increasing the cost of prescription drugs
D) Reducing access to primary care
211. Which of the following is an example of value-based care?
A) Healthcare reimbursement tied to patient outcomes rather than volume of services
B) Increasing the number of unnecessary procedures
C) Decreasing coordination between healthcare providers
D) Charging patients based on the length of their hospital stay
212. Which organization is primarily responsible for setting healthcare quality and safety standards?
A) The Joint Commission
B) The Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
C) The World Health Organization (WHO)
D) The American Nurses Association (ANA)
213. What is the main purpose of Medicare Part D?
A) Providing prescription drug coverage for Medicare beneficiaries
B) Covering long-term care services
C) Paying for dental and vision services
D) Offering financial assistance for medical students
214. The role of the nurse in healthcare policy includes:
A) Advocating for patient-centered policies and system improvements
B) Avoiding policy discussions to remain neutral
C) Reducing access to preventive care services
D) Lobbying for increased healthcare costs
215. The Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act (EMTALA) requires hospitals to:
A) Provide emergency care to all patients regardless of their ability to pay
B) Charge uninsured patients higher fees
C) Refuse treatment to non-citizens
D) Prioritize treating insured patients first
216. What is a primary advantage of integrated healthcare delivery systems?
A) Improved care coordination and patient outcomes
B) Increased administrative costs without benefits
C) Decreased access to primary care
D) Fragmented healthcare delivery
217. The purpose of pay-for-performance models in healthcare is to:
A) Incentivize quality care and improve patient outcomes
B) Reduce nursing staff to lower costs
C) Eliminate preventive care programs
D) Increase patient co-pays
218. What is an important factor in reducing health disparities?
A) Addressing social determinants of health such as income and education
B) Increasing the cost of healthcare services
C) Limiting access to public health programs
D) Decreasing Medicaid funding
219. The National Academy of Medicine (NAM) focuses on:
A) Advancing health and science to improve patient care
B) Regulating hospital insurance rates
C) Setting state-specific healthcare laws
D) Increasing administrative burdens for providers
220. What is the impact of health disparities on the healthcare system?
A) Increased healthcare costs and poor population health outcomes
B) Equal healthcare access for all individuals
C) Reduced healthcare spending
D) Standardized patient outcomes across all populations
221. What is a key component of healthcare quality improvement?
A) Continuous evaluation and use of evidence-based practices
B) Reducing access to primary care providers
C) Increasing medical errors
D) Eliminating patient-centered approaches
222. Which population is most at risk for healthcare disparities?
A) Individuals from low-income and minority backgrounds
B) Those with private insurance
C) Individuals living in urban areas with multiple hospital options
D) Patients receiving concierge medicine services
223. What is the purpose of the Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP)?
A) Providing healthcare coverage for low-income children and families
B) Replacing Medicaid entirely
C) Increasing healthcare costs for families
D) Reducing preventive care access for children
224. Which healthcare model emphasizes preventive care and coordination of services to improve patient outcomes?
A) Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH)
B) Fee-for-Service Model
C) Emergency-Based Healthcare Model
D) Private Insurance Model
225. What is a major challenge in achieving healthcare equity in the U.S.?
A) Unequal access to healthcare based on socioeconomic status
B) Universal healthcare coverage
C) Standardized healthcare costs
D) Equal distribution of healthcare resources
226. The purpose of accountable care organizations (ACOs) is to:
A) Improve care coordination and reduce healthcare costs
B) Limit access to specialist care
C) Increase the number of hospital admissions
D) Restrict Medicaid funding
227. What is a key responsibility of state health departments?
A) Overseeing public health programs and disease prevention initiatives
B) Setting national healthcare policies
C) Regulating private insurance companies
D) Providing direct medical care to all patients
228. What does the term “social determinants of health” refer to?
A) The non-medical factors influencing health outcomes, such as education, income, and environment
B) The availability of hospital beds
C) The number of doctors in a community
D) The effectiveness of prescription medications
229. Which program is designed to provide health insurance for low-income individuals and families?
A) Medicaid
B) Medicare
C) Social Security
D) COBRA
230. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) primarily protects:
A) Patient privacy and security of health information
B) Hospital revenue
C) Insurance companies from fraud
D) Employer-based health benefits
231. Which organization is responsible for public health surveillance and outbreak response?
A) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
B) Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
C) The Joint Commission
D) The American Medical Association (AMA)
232. The goal of bundled payment models in healthcare is to:
A) Encourage cost-effective and coordinated care
B) Increase hospital stays
C) Promote individual billing for every service
D) Expand fee-for-service models
233. A primary focus of the Future of Nursing Report by the National Academy of Medicine is to:
A) Increase the role of nurses in leadership and policy advocacy
B) Reduce nursing education requirements
C) Limit nurses’ scope of practice
D) Decrease funding for nursing programs
234. What is a major barrier to healthcare access in rural communities?
A) Limited availability of healthcare providers and facilities
B) An oversupply of specialists
C) Universal healthcare access
D) Excessive healthcare resources
235. The term “health literacy” refers to:
A) An individual’s ability to obtain, process, and understand basic health information
B) The number of years a doctor has trained
C) The amount of time a patient spends in a hospital
D) A measure of hospital readmission rates
236. The purpose of Medicare Part B is to cover:
A) Outpatient services and preventive care
B) Hospital stays
C) Prescription medications
D) Long-term nursing home care
237. Which legislation expanded access to healthcare by preventing insurance companies from denying coverage based on pre-existing conditions?
A) Affordable Care Act (ACA)
B) Medicare Modernization Act
C) Social Security Act
D) Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act (EMTALA)
238. What is the purpose of the Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program (HRRP)?
A) Reduce avoidable hospital readmissions by improving quality of care
B) Increase hospital profits by encouraging frequent admissions
C) Eliminate Medicare coverage for readmissions
D) Reduce nurse staffing levels
239. Which factor most contributes to disparities in maternal and infant health outcomes?
A) Social determinants of health such as income and access to care
B) The number of hospitals in a city
C) The cost of physician salaries
D) The type of health insurance available
240. The role of nurse practitioners in improving healthcare access includes:
A) Providing primary care services, especially in underserved areas
B) Reducing access to healthcare
C) Increasing healthcare costs
D) Limiting patient care options
241. One goal of telehealth services is to:
A) Improve healthcare access for rural and underserved populations
B) Increase in-person visits only
C) Restrict the role of primary care providers
D) Raise healthcare costs without improving quality
242. A major purpose of quality improvement initiatives in healthcare is to:
A) Enhance patient safety and reduce errors
B) Increase administrative costs
C) Reduce the role of nurses in patient care
D) Expand the length of hospital stays
243. What is a key responsibility of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)?
A) Ensuring the safety and efficacy of drugs and medical devices
B) Regulating nursing licensure
C) Providing direct patient care
D) Setting hospital accreditation standards
244. Which of the following is a major challenge in the U.S. healthcare workforce?
A) Shortages of nurses and primary care providers
B) An oversupply of healthcare workers
C) A lack of medical technology
D) A decline in patient populations
245. The role of community health workers (CHWs) in healthcare delivery is to:
A) Bridge gaps between healthcare providers and underserved populations
B) Provide surgical care in hospitals
C) Manage hospital finances
D) Set national healthcare policies
246. Which factor has the greatest impact on health outcomes?
A) Social determinants of health
B) Access to advanced hospital technology
C) Number of medical specialists in a region
D) Cost of elective procedures
247. Which of the following describes the “health in all policies” approach?
A) Integrating health considerations into policymaking across different sectors
B) Limiting health policies to hospital settings
C) Focusing only on individual health behaviors
D) Restricting healthcare interventions to emergency situations
248. The role of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) is to:
A) Improve the quality, safety, and efficiency of healthcare
B) Regulate hospital construction
C) Determine Medicare eligibility
D) Provide direct medical care to uninsured populations
249. Which of the following is an example of primary prevention in healthcare?
A) Vaccination programs
B) Chemotherapy for cancer patients
C) Physical therapy after a stroke
D) Surgery for a broken bone
250. What is one of the core goals of universal health coverage?
A) Ensuring all individuals have access to essential health services without financial hardship
B) Reducing public access to healthcare
C) Increasing private insurance costs
D) Limiting healthcare availability to urban areas
251. What is the primary goal of value-based healthcare?
A) To improve patient outcomes while reducing healthcare costs
B) To maximize hospital revenue
C) To increase the number of medical procedures performed
D) To promote fee-for-service models
252. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) expanded Medicaid to cover:
A) Low-income adults in participating states
B) Only elderly patients
C) Individuals with private insurance
D) Only children under 18
253. Which healthcare payment model incentivizes providers based on patient outcomes rather than volume of services?
A) Value-based reimbursement
B) Fee-for-service
C) Capitation
D) Out-of-pocket payment
254. Which healthcare professional can serve as a primary care provider in many states?
A) Nurse practitioner (NP)
B) Surgical technician
C) Pharmacist
D) Radiologist
255. What is the primary focus of the Triple Aim in healthcare?
A) Improving patient care, enhancing population health, and reducing costs
B) Increasing hospital admissions, medical testing, and prescription drug use
C) Expanding fee-for-service models
D) Limiting healthcare access
256. The Institute of Medicine’s (IOM) report The Future of Nursing emphasizes:
A) Expanding nurses’ roles in leadership and primary care
B) Limiting nurses’ responsibilities in patient care
C) Reducing nursing education requirements
D) Restricting nurses from engaging in policy advocacy
257. What is one of the primary objectives of managed care organizations?
A) Controlling healthcare costs while maintaining quality of care
B) Increasing hospital readmissions
C) Eliminating preventative care
D) Reducing access to primary care providers
258. The Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act (EMTALA) ensures that:
A) Patients receive emergency medical care regardless of their ability to pay
B) Only insured patients receive emergency treatment
C) Hospitals can deny care to uninsured patients
D) Emergency departments are only for life-threatening conditions
259. The U.S. healthcare system is primarily funded by:
A) A mix of public and private insurance
B) Solely government-funded programs
C) Direct government ownership of hospitals
D) Only private out-of-pocket payments
260. What is the purpose of health disparities research?
A) To identify and address inequalities in healthcare access and outcomes
B) To limit access to healthcare for certain populations
C) To reduce healthcare costs by restricting services
D) To prioritize healthcare for high-income individuals
261. Which of the following is a social determinant of health?
A) Access to nutritious food
B) The number of hospitals in a region
C) The type of medical equipment used in hospitals
D) The length of hospital stays
262. What is one purpose of the National Quality Forum (NQF)?
A) To develop and endorse healthcare quality measures
B) To regulate pharmaceutical pricing
C) To establish medical malpractice laws
D) To oversee private insurance plans
263. Health informatics plays a role in improving healthcare by:
A) Using technology to enhance patient care and clinical decision-making
B) Increasing healthcare costs
C) Replacing all human healthcare workers with artificial intelligence
D) Eliminating the need for documentation in patient care
264. A major goal of the Healthy People initiative is to:
A) Improve population health and eliminate health disparities
B) Limit preventive healthcare services
C) Reduce the number of healthcare professionals
D) Focus exclusively on hospital-based care
265. Which healthcare financing system provides coverage for adults aged 65 and older in the U.S.?
A) Medicare
B) Medicaid
C) The Affordable Care Act Marketplace
D) Private employer-sponsored insurance
266. Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs) aim to:
A) Improve care coordination and reduce unnecessary spending
B) Increase costs for patients
C) Limit access to healthcare services
D) Replace hospital-based care
267. The U.S. healthcare system differs from many other high-income countries because it:
A) Lacks universal healthcare coverage
B) Provides free healthcare for all citizens
C) Has lower healthcare costs
D) Requires all citizens to enroll in public insurance
268. What is one function of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)?
A) Regulating federal healthcare programs
B) Managing state-based health departments
C) Providing direct patient care
D) Setting private insurance rates
269. One challenge of the fee-for-service healthcare model is that it:
A) Incentivizes quantity over quality in healthcare services
B) Reduces medical errors
C) Encourages preventative care
D) Lowers patient out-of-pocket costs
270. Which group is most affected by gaps in healthcare access?
A) Low-income and rural populations
B) Individuals with private insurance
C) Hospital administrators
D) Medical researchers
271. The Joint Commission accredits healthcare organizations to:
A) Ensure quality and safety standards are met
B) Provide funding for private hospitals
C) Determine physician salaries
D) Set insurance coverage policies
272. What is the purpose of the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI)?
A) Conduct research to improve evidence-based healthcare decision-making
B) Regulate hospital construction
C) Provide direct patient care
D) Set reimbursement rates for Medicare
273. The purpose of Medicaid expansion under the ACA was to:
A) Increase healthcare access for low-income adults
B) Reduce Medicaid eligibility
C) Shift costs to private insurance providers
D) Eliminate public healthcare programs
274. One major goal of social justice in healthcare is to:
A) Promote equitable access to healthcare services
B) Restrict access to high-cost treatments
C) Focus only on treating acute illnesses
D) Prioritize healthcare funding for specific populations
275. Which legislation established privacy protections for patient health information?
A) Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
B) Affordable Care Act (ACA)
C) Medicare Modernization Act
D) Social Security Act
276. One strategy to reduce hospital readmissions is to:
A) Improve care coordination and discharge planning
B) Increase hospital stays for all patients
C) Reduce the number of follow-up visits
D) Limit patient education on self-care
277. Which factor contributes most to healthcare workforce shortages?
A) Aging population and provider burnout
B) Decreased demand for healthcare services
C) An oversupply of healthcare professionals
D) Limited use of telehealth
278. The primary focus of community health programs is to:
A) Improve health outcomes through education and prevention
B) Increase emergency room visits
C) Restrict access to healthcare resources
D) Reduce the number of primary care providers
279. A major factor driving healthcare costs in the U.S. is:
A) High administrative and pharmaceutical costs
B) Universal healthcare coverage
C) A lack of medical innovation
D) The elimination of chronic diseases
280. What is one way nurses can influence healthcare policy?
A) Advocating for legislative changes to improve patient care
B) Avoiding political involvement
C) Limiting patient education on health policies
D) Restricting access to nursing leadership roles
281. What is the primary purpose of healthcare policy?
A) To guide decisions that impact healthcare access, quality, and cost
B) To regulate only private healthcare providers
C) To eliminate public healthcare programs
D) To increase hospital profits
282. Which organization is responsible for overseeing public health initiatives in the United States?
A) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
B) National Institutes of Health (NIH)
C) Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
D) American Medical Association (AMA)
283. What is one goal of population health management?
A) Improving health outcomes for a specific group of people
B) Reducing public health funding
C) Eliminating all chronic diseases
D) Limiting access to healthcare services
284. What is one potential consequence of healthcare disparities?
A) Increased morbidity and mortality in vulnerable populations
B) Equal health outcomes for all individuals
C) Lower healthcare costs across the population
D) Universal access to primary care
285. Which healthcare payment model is designed to improve care coordination and cost efficiency?
A) Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs)
B) Fee-for-service reimbursement
C) Direct primary care
D) Private pay healthcare
286. Which factor contributes to social determinants of health?
A) Economic stability
B) Length of hospital stays
C) The number of nurses in a hospital
D) Access to MRI machines
287. What is one advantage of telehealth services?
A) Improved healthcare access for rural and underserved populations
B) Increased reliance on emergency room visits
C) Reduced patient engagement in care
D) Increased hospital admissions
288. A key principle of patient-centered care is:
A) Involving patients in decision-making about their own health
B) Limiting communication between patients and providers
C) Reducing the role of patient education
D) Prioritizing provider convenience over patient needs
289. The Beveridge healthcare model, used in countries like the UK, is characterized by:
A) Government-funded healthcare services for all citizens
B) A reliance on private insurance companies
C) High out-of-pocket expenses for most healthcare services
D) A lack of universal coverage
290. What is a major challenge of the U.S. healthcare system compared to other developed nations?
A) Higher healthcare costs with poorer health outcomes
B) Government-controlled healthcare facilities
C) Universal healthcare access for all citizens
D) Low prescription drug prices
291. What is the primary function of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)?
A) Regulating the safety and efficacy of drugs and medical devices
B) Controlling hospital budgets
C) Setting insurance reimbursement rates
D) Managing healthcare workforce policies
292. Which of the following policies was designed to reduce the number of uninsured Americans?
A) The Affordable Care Act (ACA)
B) The Medicare Modernization Act
C) The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
D) The Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act (EMTALA)
293. One of the main objectives of healthcare reform is to:
A) Improve healthcare access, quality, and affordability
B) Increase administrative costs in healthcare
C) Limit the role of preventive care
D) Decrease access to healthcare for low-income populations
294. What is one impact of the nursing shortage on healthcare delivery?
A) Increased workload for existing nurses, potentially affecting patient care quality
B) Reduced patient demand for nursing care
C) Decreased need for nurse practitioners
D) Lower patient satisfaction with physician care
295. The purpose of a healthcare quality improvement program is to:
A) Enhance patient safety and care outcomes
B) Reduce access to necessary medical treatments
C) Prioritize financial profit over patient care
D) Eliminate the need for evidence-based practice
296. One strategy to address health inequities is to:
A) Expand access to preventive care and community health programs
B) Reduce funding for social services
C) Limit healthcare provider education on disparities
D) Focus only on hospital-based interventions
297. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) was enacted to:
A) Protect patient privacy and ensure secure health information exchange
B) Increase healthcare costs
C) Restrict healthcare access for uninsured individuals
D) Eliminate private insurance plans
298. Which federal program provides health insurance for low-income individuals?
A) Medicaid
B) Medicare
C) The Affordable Care Act Marketplace
D) TRICARE
299. Which ethical principle in healthcare emphasizes doing no harm to patients?
A) Nonmaleficence
B) Beneficence
C) Justice
D) Autonomy
300. The concept of health literacy refers to:
A) A patient’s ability to understand and use healthcare information
B) A provider’s level of education
C) The number of books available in a hospital library
D) The presence of healthcare regulations
301. Which factor contributes to higher prescription drug prices in the U.S.?
A) Lack of price regulation and high research costs
B) Government-mandated price controls
C) Reduced demand for medications
D) Universal healthcare coverage
302. Which organization sets national patient safety goals for healthcare facilities?
A) The Joint Commission
B) The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
C) The Food and Drug Administration
D) The American Nurses Association
303. What is a key component of public health efforts?
A) Preventing disease and promoting population health
B) Focusing only on treating chronic illnesses
C) Restricting vaccinations
D) Reducing access to primary care
304. What is one way to reduce healthcare costs while maintaining quality?
A) Emphasizing preventive care and chronic disease management
B) Increasing hospital readmissions
C) Reducing the use of evidence-based guidelines
D) Eliminating nurse-led initiatives
305. Which law requires hospitals to provide emergency care regardless of a patient’s ability to pay?
A) Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act (EMTALA)
B) The Affordable Care Act (ACA)
C) Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
D) Medicare Modernization Act
306. Which of the following is an example of a healthcare disparity?
A) Higher rates of diabetes among racial and ethnic minorities
B) Equal access to healthcare for all income levels
C) Universal preventive care services
D) Consistent healthcare outcomes across all populations
307. How does nursing leadership contribute to healthcare policy?
A) By advocating for policies that improve patient care and safety
B) By avoiding political engagement
C) By focusing only on bedside care
D) By reducing the role of nurses in decision-making
308. Which factor is a major barrier to accessing mental healthcare services?
A) Stigma, cost, and provider shortages
B) An oversupply of mental health professionals
C) Universal insurance coverage for mental health
D) Increased use of telehealth services
309. The role of nurses in health policy includes:
A) Advocating for patient rights and healthcare improvements
B) Avoiding involvement in legislative discussions
C) Limiting their focus to direct patient care
D) Reducing patient access to healthcare information
310. A key strategy for improving healthcare quality and safety is:
A) Implementing evidence-based practice and quality improvement initiatives
B) Reducing the role of patient education
C) Eliminating healthcare research funding
D) Prioritizing cost-cutting over patient safety