Prometric Nursing Practice Test
Which of the following is the primary function of red blood cells (RBCs)?
A) Transport oxygen to tissues
B) Fight infection
C) Clot blood
D) Regulate body temperature
Answer: A) Transport oxygen to tissues
What is the normal range for adult blood pressure?
A) 90/60 to 120/80 mmHg
B) 100/70 to 140/90 mmHg
C) 110/75 to 130/85 mmHg
D) 120/90 to 140/100 mmHg
Answer: A) 90/60 to 120/80 mmHg
Which medication is commonly prescribed to treat Type 2 diabetes mellitus?
A) Insulin
B) Metformin
C) Acetaminophen
D) Lisinopril
Answer: B) Metformin
What is the most common symptom of a stroke?
A) Sudden severe headache
B) Loss of consciousness
C) Sudden weakness or numbness on one side of the body
D) Persistent cough
Answer: C) Sudden weakness or numbness on one side of the body
Which of the following is a potential side effect of opioid pain medications?
A) Diarrhea
B) Hypertension
C) Constipation
D) Increased appetite
Answer: C) Constipation
Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing intervention for a patient with a fever?
A) Apply ice packs to lower the body temperature
B) Administer antipyretics as ordered
C) Encourage warm fluids
D) Avoid any fluids
Answer: B) Administer antipyretics as ordered
Which of the following is a normal electrolyte value for serum potassium?
A) 1.5 to 2.5 mEq/L
B) 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L
C) 5.0 to 6.5 mEq/L
D) 6.5 to 7.5 mEq/L
Answer: B) 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L
Which of the following is a common cause of chronic renal failure?
A) Hypertension
B) Stroke
C) Asthma
D) Liver disease
Answer: A) Hypertension
Which of the following is an early sign of hypoxia?
A) Cyanosis
B) Confusion
C) Hypotension
D) Seizures
Answer: B) Confusion
Which of the following is the best practice for preventing the spread of infection in a healthcare setting?
A) Using antibiotics routinely
B) Regular hand washing
C) Wearing gloves for all procedures
D) Limiting water intake
Answer: B) Regular hand washing
Which of the following is the first priority when a patient is in respiratory distress?
A) Administer pain medication
B) Place the patient in a comfortable position
C) Assess and secure the airway
D) Call for assistance
Answer: C) Assess and secure the airway
What is the primary purpose of the Nurse Practice Act?
A) To define the scope of nursing practice
B) To regulate the salaries of nurses
C) To provide legal advice to nurses
D) To outline patient rights
Answer: A) To define the scope of nursing practice
Which of the following is the most appropriate method to assess pain in a non-verbal patient?
A) Use the Visual Analog Scale
B) Observe for facial expressions and body movements
C) Ask the family about the patient’s pain
D) Administer pain medication without assessment
Answer: B) Observe for facial expressions and body movements
What does the acronym RACE stand for in fire safety?
A) Rescue, Activate, Contain, Evacuate
B) Rescue, Alert, Control, Evacuate
C) Rescue, Access, Clean, Evacuate
D) Remove, Alert, Contain, Exit
Answer: A) Rescue, Activate, Contain, Evacuate
Which of the following is a complication of uncontrolled diabetes?
A) Asthma
B) Blindness
C) Pneumonia
D) Appendicitis
Answer: B) Blindness
What is the primary concern when administering intravenous (IV) fluids?
A) Risk of infiltration
B) Risk of infection
C) Risk of air embolism
D) Risk of hypertension
Answer: A) Risk of infiltration
What is the normal respiratory rate for an adult?
A) 10 to 14 breaths per minute
B) 12 to 16 breaths per minute
C) 14 to 18 breaths per minute
D) 16 to 20 breaths per minute
Answer: B) 12 to 16 breaths per minute
Which of the following should be included in the discharge teaching plan for a patient with a heart attack?
A) Maintain a low-fat diet
B) Limit physical activity
C) Take medication only when symptoms occur
D) Avoid any form of exercise
Answer: A) Maintain a low-fat diet
Which of the following is a key characteristic of the sympathetic nervous system response?
A) Decreased heart rate
B) Increased gastrointestinal motility
C) Dilation of the pupils
D) Constriction of the bronchial tubes
Answer: C) Dilation of the pupils
What is the purpose of administering a stool softener to a patient on opioid medication?
A) To prevent diarrhea
B) To promote regular bowel movements
C) To decrease nausea
D) To prevent constipation
Answer: D) To prevent constipation
Which of the following is the most common site for checking a patient’s pulse?
A) Carotid artery
B) Femoral artery
C) Radial artery
D) Popliteal artery
Answer: C) Radial artery
Which of the following is an appropriate nursing action for a patient with a wound infection?
A) Apply a tight dressing to prevent drainage
B) Keep the wound exposed to air
C) Clean the wound with alcohol
D) Apply prescribed topical antibiotics
Answer: D) Apply prescribed topical antibiotics
Which of the following statements about stroke prevention is true?
A) Stroke is always preventable with medication
B) High blood pressure is the leading risk factor for stroke
C) Strokes can only occur in older adults
D) A high-sodium diet can prevent strokes
Answer: B) High blood pressure is the leading risk factor for stroke
Which of the following is the primary action of diuretics in the treatment of hypertension?
A) Increase blood volume
B) Increase sodium retention
C) Decrease fluid volume
D) Increase vascular resistance
Answer: C) Decrease fluid volume
What is the best way to assess for dehydration in a patient?
A) Monitor urine output
B) Check for skin turgor
C) Measure the blood pressure
D) Monitor respiratory rate
Answer: B) Check for skin turgor
Which of the following is a potential complication of prolonged immobility?
A) Hypertension
B) Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
C) Insomnia
D) Hyperthermia
Answer: B) Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
Which of the following vaccines is recommended for pregnant women?
A) Mumps vaccine
B) Influenza vaccine
C) Measles vaccine
D) Chickenpox vaccine
Answer: B) Influenza vaccine
Which of the following should be included in the care plan for a patient with a chest tube?
A) Encourage deep breathing and coughing
B) Maintain a flat position at all times
C) Keep the chest tube clamped at all times
D) Avoid patient movement
Answer: A) Encourage deep breathing and coughing
What is the purpose of the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)?
A) To assess kidney function
B) To assess the level of consciousness
C) To assess lung function
D) To assess blood sugar levels
Answer: B) To assess the level of consciousness
Which of the following is the best way to prevent the spread of Clostridium difficile (C. diff)?
A) Regular hand washing with soap and water
B) Use of alcohol-based hand sanitizers
C) Wearing gloves without washing hands
D) Wearing a surgical mask
Answer: A) Regular hand washing with soap and water
Which of the following is the most common cause of hypertension?
A) Renal disease
B) Lifestyle factors (e.g., poor diet, lack of exercise)
C) Hyperthyroidism
D) Excessive alcohol consumption
Answer: B) Lifestyle factors (e.g., poor diet, lack of exercise)
What is the primary function of the kidneys?
A) Regulate body temperature
B) Remove waste products from the blood
C) Secrete hormones that regulate digestion
D) Produce bile for fat digestion
Answer: B) Remove waste products from the blood
Which of the following is the most appropriate action when a patient is experiencing a seizure?
A) Place a tongue depressor in the mouth
B) Hold the patient’s arms and legs to prevent injury
C) Protect the patient from injury and maintain a clear airway
D) Restrain the patient to prevent movement
Answer: C) Protect the patient from injury and maintain a clear airway
Which of the following is a common sign of dehydration?
A) Increased urine output
B) Soft, moist skin
C) Dry mouth and skin
D) Increased blood pressure
Answer: C) Dry mouth and skin
What is the first step in performing CPR on an adult patient?
A) Check for a pulse
B) Open the airway
C) Call for help
D) Begin chest compressions
Answer: C) Call for help
Which of the following should a nurse monitor when a patient is taking a calcium channel blocker?
A) Blood glucose levels
B) Liver function
C) Heart rate and blood pressure
D) Serum sodium levels
Answer: C) Heart rate and blood pressure
Which of the following is a potential side effect of prolonged steroid use?
A) Hyperglycemia
B) Hypotension
C) Decreased appetite
D) Weight loss
Answer: A) Hyperglycemia
Which of the following nursing interventions is most appropriate for a patient with a DVT (deep vein thrombosis)?
A) Apply a cold compress to the affected area
B) Elevate the affected leg
C) Massage the affected leg to relieve discomfort
D) Restrict movement of the affected leg
Answer: B) Elevate the affected leg
What is the main purpose of anticoagulant therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation?
A) To reduce blood pressure
B) To prevent clot formation
C) To treat infection
D) To increase heart rate
Answer: B) To prevent clot formation
Which of the following symptoms is commonly associated with hypoglycemia in diabetic patients?
A) Shakiness and sweating
B) Increased thirst and urination
C) Fatigue and weight loss
D) Blurred vision
Answer: A) Shakiness and sweating
Which of the following is the priority assessment for a patient with a head injury?
A) Blood pressure
B) Respiratory rate
C) Level of consciousness
D) Temperature
Answer: C) Level of consciousness
Which of the following conditions is associated with a “moon face” appearance?
A) Cushing’s syndrome
B) Addison’s disease
C) Hypothyroidism
D) Hyperparathyroidism
Answer: A) Cushing’s syndrome
Which of the following is the primary purpose of using an incentive spirometer?
A) To prevent blood clots
B) To improve lung expansion and prevent pneumonia
C) To increase oxygen levels
D) To decrease blood pressure
Answer: B) To improve lung expansion and prevent pneumonia
Which of the following is a sign of an allergic reaction to a medication?
A) Decreased heart rate
B) Swelling of the face and difficulty breathing
C) Decreased urine output
D) Nausea and vomiting
Answer: B) Swelling of the face and difficulty breathing
Which of the following is a potential complication of uncontrolled hypertension?
A) Stroke
B) Hypoglycemia
C) Hyperthyroidism
D) Asthma
Answer: A) Stroke
Which of the following is the most appropriate intervention for a patient with a fever and chills?
A) Administer antipyretics as ordered
B) Restrict fluid intake
C) Encourage warm blankets
D) Place the patient in a cold environment
Answer: A) Administer antipyretics as ordered
What is the most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia?
A) Staphylococcus aureus
B) Streptococcus pneumoniae
C) Haemophilus influenzae
D) Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Answer: B) Streptococcus pneumoniae
Which of the following is a typical nursing intervention for a patient with a chest tube?
A) Ensure the tube is connected to a suction device at all times
B) Encourage the patient to cough and deep breathe
C) Clamp the chest tube periodically for assessment
D) Avoid positioning the patient on the affected side
Answer: B) Encourage the patient to cough and deep breathe
Which of the following is a potential complication of long-term use of NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs)?
A) Hyperkalemia
B) Gastric ulcers
C) Hypoglycemia
D) Anemia
Answer: B) Gastric ulcers
Which of the following is the most appropriate action for a nurse if a patient is allergic to penicillin?
A) Administer penicillin with an antihistamine
B) Ask the patient to wait until the reaction subsides
C) Administer a different antibiotic not related to penicillin
D) Notify the physician and discontinue the medication
Answer: D) Notify the physician and discontinue the medication
Which of the following is a sign of hyperkalemia?
A) Bradycardia and muscle weakness
B) Tachycardia and hyperreflexia
C) Hypotension and dizziness
D) Vomiting and hypoglycemia
Answer: A) Bradycardia and muscle weakness
What is the primary concern when a patient is receiving an intravenous (IV) infusion?
A) Risk of fluid overload
B) Risk of hypothermia
C) Risk of allergic reaction
D) Risk of hyperglycemia
Answer: A) Risk of fluid overload
Which of the following is an early symptom of a myocardial infarction (MI)?
A) Severe back pain
B) Sudden shortness of breath
C) Severe chest pain radiating to the left arm
D) Nausea and vomiting without chest pain
Answer: C) Severe chest pain radiating to the left arm
Which of the following is a contraindication for administering a live attenuated vaccine?
A) Age over 65
B) Pregnancy
C) Asthma
D) History of hypertension
Answer: B) Pregnancy
Which of the following is a primary function of the liver?
A) Metabolism of nutrients
B) Regulation of heart rate
C) Absorption of vitamins
D) Storage of glycogen
Answer: A) Metabolism of nutrients
What is the most appropriate action if a patient’s IV site becomes red and swollen?
A) Apply a cold compress to the site
B) Discontinue the IV infusion and change the site
C) Increase the infusion rate
D) Massage the area gently
Answer: B) Discontinue the IV infusion and change the site
Which of the following would be an appropriate intervention for a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
A) Encourage slow, deep breathing exercises
B) Encourage the patient to avoid using oxygen
C) Administer a high-flow oxygen therapy
D) Limit fluid intake
Answer: A) Encourage slow, deep breathing exercises
Which of the following is a priority nursing action when a patient is suspected of having a myocardial infarction (MI)?
A) Administer nitroglycerin
B) Obtain an EKG
C) Perform chest compressions
D) Administer aspirin
Answer: B) Obtain an EKG
Which of the following is a common side effect of antihypertensive medication?
A) Tachycardia
B) Dizziness or lightheadedness
C) Increased appetite
D) Insomnia
Answer: B) Dizziness or lightheadedness
Which of the following is the primary purpose of the National Patient Safety Goals (NPSGs)?
A) To improve nursing salaries
B) To ensure proper use of patient medication
C) To reduce the risk of harm to patients
D) To standardize patient care procedures
Answer: C) To reduce the risk of harm to patients
Which of the following is a primary concern for a patient receiving chemotherapy?
A) Increased appetite
B) Risk of infection
C) Decreased heart rate
D) Low blood sugar
Answer: B) Risk of infection
Which of the following is a common side effect of beta-blockers?
A) Hyperglycemia
B) Bradycardia
C) Tachycardia
D) Weight loss
Answer: B) Bradycardia
Which of the following is the most effective method for preventing pressure ulcers in a bedridden patient?
A) Frequent repositioning
B) Restricting fluid intake
C) Keeping the patient in a prone position
D) Applying ointments to the skin
Answer: A) Frequent repositioning
Which of the following is the correct action when performing a sterile dressing change?
A) Touch the inside of the dressing packet
B) Hold sterile supplies above waist level
C) Use a non-sterile glove to handle sterile supplies
D) Place the sterile dressing on a non-sterile surface
Answer: B) Hold sterile supplies above waist level
Which of the following is an appropriate intervention for a patient experiencing a hypoglycemic episode?
A) Administer insulin immediately
B) Provide a source of quick-acting carbohydrate, such as orange juice
C) Offer the patient a high-protein snack
D) Limit fluid intake
Answer: B) Provide a source of quick-acting carbohydrate, such as orange juice
Which of the following is a potential risk for patients with cirrhosis of the liver?
A) Low potassium levels
B) Excessive bleeding
C) Increased glucose levels
D) Dehydration
Answer: B) Excessive bleeding
Which of the following medications is commonly used to treat asthma?
A) Beta-blockers
B) Antihistamines
C) Bronchodilators
D) Diuretics
Answer: C) Bronchodilators
Which of the following is the most common cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in women?
A) Poor diet
B) Poor hygiene practices
C) Sexual activity
D) Dehydration
Answer: C) Sexual activity
Which of the following is a major risk factor for the development of lung cancer?
A) Alcohol consumption
B) Smoking
C) Lack of exercise
D) Obesity
Answer: B) Smoking
What is the primary purpose of a chest x-ray in a patient with shortness of breath?
A) To measure the blood oxygen level
B) To evaluate lung structure and identify abnormalities
C) To assess the level of carbon dioxide in the blood
D) To diagnose pneumonia
Answer: B) To evaluate lung structure and identify abnormalities
Which of the following is the primary function of the white blood cells?
A) Carry oxygen to tissues
B) Regulate blood clotting
C) Defend the body against infection
D) Provide nutrients to tissues
Answer: C) Defend the body against infection
Which of the following is a classic symptom of diabetes insipidus?
A) Excessive thirst and large volumes of dilute urine
B) Weight loss and excessive hunger
C) Blurred vision and tingling in extremities
D) Dehydration and vomiting
Answer: A) Excessive thirst and large volumes of dilute urine
What is the most important nursing action for a patient with a wound infection?
A) Apply a tight dressing to the wound
B) Use antiseptic solution for wound care
C) Administer antibiotics as prescribed
D) Avoid changing the dressing
Answer: C) Administer antibiotics as prescribed
Which of the following is the best nursing intervention for a patient with a suspected myocardial infarction (MI)?
A) Administer oxygen and pain relief
B) Reassure the patient and allow them to rest
C) Apply a heating pad to the chest area
D) Perform deep breathing exercises
Answer: A) Administer oxygen and pain relief
Which of the following is the primary concern for a patient with a burn injury?
A) Risk of infection
B) Excessive fluid loss
C) Pain management
D) Psychological trauma
Answer: B) Excessive fluid loss
Which of the following is the most appropriate intervention for a patient with a history of seizures?
A) Provide a quiet, dark room
B) Restrict the patient’s movement during a seizure
C) Monitor for signs of hypoglycemia
D) Keep the airway clear and prevent injury during a seizure
Answer: D) Keep the airway clear and prevent injury during a seizure
Which of the following is an important consideration when caring for a patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD)?
A) Restrict protein intake
B) Encourage high salt intake
C) Promote daily exercise
D) Avoid diuretics
Answer: A) Restrict protein intake
What is the best action when a patient is experiencing an allergic reaction to a medication?
A) Discontinue the medication and administer an antihistamine
B) Increase the dose of the medication
C) Change the medication route
D) Continue monitoring the patient and wait for the reaction to subside
Answer: A) Discontinue the medication and administer an antihistamine
Which of the following is the most important aspect of caring for a patient who has just undergone a major surgery?
A) Encouraging a high-protein diet
B) Preventing postoperative infections
C) Providing physical therapy immediately
D) Encouraging the patient to walk as soon as possible
Answer: B) Preventing postoperative infections
Which of the following is a sign of hypovolemic shock?
A) Bradycardia
B) Cyanosis
C) Increased blood pressure
D) Cool, clammy skin
Answer: D) Cool, clammy skin
Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action when a patient is exhibiting signs of alcohol withdrawal?
A) Encourage the patient to drink alcohol
B) Administer benzodiazepines as ordered
C) Limit fluid intake
D) Restrict physical activity
Answer: B) Administer benzodiazepines as ordered
Which of the following is an expected finding in a patient with hypothyroidism?
A) Increased energy levels
B) Weight loss
C) Constipation and fatigue
D) Increased heart rate
Answer: C) Constipation and fatigue
Which of the following interventions is appropriate for a patient with a nasogastric tube (NGT)?
A) Keep the head of the bed flat at all times
B) Provide regular oral care
C) Restrict fluid intake
D) Apply an ice pack to the tube insertion site
Answer: B) Provide regular oral care
What is the primary concern when caring for a patient receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN)?
A) Risk of infection
B) Risk of fluid overload
C) Electrolyte imbalance
D) Risk of hypoglycemia
Answer: A) Risk of infection
Which of the following is the primary goal of palliative care?
A) To cure the patient’s disease
B) To manage symptoms and improve quality of life
C) To extend the patient’s life as much as possible
D) To provide hospice care only at the end of life
Answer: B) To manage symptoms and improve quality of life
Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of a deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
A) Leg swelling and warmth
B) Shortness of breath
C) Abdominal pain
D) Headache and dizziness
Answer: A) Leg swelling and warmth
Which of the following is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors?
A) Dry cough
B) Increased appetite
C) Weight loss
D) Low blood pressure
Answer: A) Dry cough
Which of the following is an appropriate nursing intervention for a patient with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
A) Elevate the head of the bed
B) Provide large meals throughout the day
C) Encourage lying down after meals
D) Recommend high-fat foods
Answer: A) Elevate the head of the bed
What is the most common cause of an acute asthma attack?
A) Allergens such as pollen or pet dander
B) Viral infections
C) Physical activity
D) Cold air
Answer: A) Allergens such as pollen or pet dander
Which of the following is a sign of dehydration in an elderly patient?
A) Increased skin turgor
B) Decreased heart rate
C) Confusion and irritability
D) Increased urine output
Answer: C) Confusion and irritability
What is the most common side effect of opioid pain medications?
A) Constipation
B) Increased blood pressure
C) Weight gain
D) Diarrhea
Answer: A) Constipation
Which of the following is the primary intervention for a patient experiencing an anaphylactic reaction?
A) Administer epinephrine
B) Administer an antihistamine
C) Provide intravenous fluids
D) Perform a chest x-ray
Answer: A) Administer epinephrine
Which of the following is an expected finding in a patient with hyperthyroidism?
A) Weight gain
B) Cold intolerance
C) Increased heart rate
D) Decreased appetite
Answer: C) Increased heart rate
Which of the following is a sign of a drug overdose in a patient receiving opioids?
A) Hyperactivity
B) Rapid breathing
C) Pinpoint pupils
D) Increased alertness
Answer: C) Pinpoint pupils
Which of the following is the most important action when administering a blood transfusion?
A) Verify the patient’s identity and blood type
B) Administer the blood at a high rate for fast infusion
C) Use the same needle for all medications
D) Administer the blood in a normal saline solution
Answer: A) Verify the patient’s identity and blood type
Which of the following is a potential complication of prolonged bed rest?
A) Increased circulation
B) Muscle atrophy
C) Improved lung function
D) Increased appetite
Answer: B) Muscle atrophy
Which of the following is an appropriate action when a patient has a fever?
A) Administer antipyretics as ordered
B) Apply ice packs to the body
C) Increase the room temperature
D) Encourage the patient to drink cold fluids
Answer: A) Administer antipyretics as ordered
Which of the following is the best method to prevent deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in a postoperative patient?
A) Encourage frequent walking
B) Apply a cold compress to the legs
C) Limit fluid intake
D) Restrict leg movements
Answer: A) Encourage frequent walking
Which of the following is the priority assessment for a patient in shock?
A) Respiratory rate
B) Blood pressure
C) Heart rate
D) Oxygen saturation
Answer: B) Blood pressure
Which of the following is the primary concern for a patient receiving corticosteroid therapy?
A) Hyperglycemia
B) Dehydration
C) Risk of infection
D) Hypotension
Answer: C) Risk of infection
Which of the following is a common symptom of acute pancreatitis?
A) Lower back pain
B) Sudden severe upper abdominal pain
C) Bloody stools
D) Rapid weight gain
Answer: B) Sudden severe upper abdominal pain
Which of the following is a common complication of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus?
A) Hypokalemia
B) Diabetic ketoacidosis
C) Increased calcium levels
D) Cystitis
Answer: B) Diabetic ketoacidosis
Which of the following conditions is characterized by severe muscle weakness and fatigue that improves with rest?
A) Myasthenia gravis
B) Multiple sclerosis
C) Parkinson’s disease
D) Guillain-Barré syndrome
Answer: A) Myasthenia gravis
Which of the following is the best intervention for a patient who is at risk for falling?
A) Encourage ambulation without assistance
B) Keep the patient’s bed in the lowest position and call light within reach
C) Restrict fluid intake to decrease the need for bathroom visits
D) Provide a high-fat diet to improve strength
Answer: B) Keep the patient’s bed in the lowest position and call light within reach
Which of the following is the most important intervention when caring for a patient with a chest tube?
A) Ensure the chest tube is clamped at all times
B) Monitor for signs of infection at the insertion site
C) Encourage deep breathing and coughing
D) Keep the patient in a supine position
Answer: C) Encourage deep breathing and coughing
What is the priority action for a nurse when a patient with a spinal cord injury shows signs of autonomic dysreflexia (high blood pressure, bradycardia, and sweating)?
A) Place the patient in a Trendelenburg position
B) Loosen any tight clothing and check for bladder distension
C) Administer a sedative
D) Encourage the patient to drink water
Answer: B) Loosen any tight clothing and check for bladder distension
Which of the following is a common complication in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
A) Respiratory acidosis
B) Respiratory alkalosis
C) Hypoglycemia
D) Hyperkalemia
Answer: A) Respiratory acidosis
Which of the following is the most appropriate intervention for a patient experiencing acute pain after surgery?
A) Administer the prescribed pain medication as ordered
B) Increase the patient’s activity level
C) Restrict the patient from moving
D) Apply a cold compress to the affected area
Answer: A) Administer the prescribed pain medication as ordered
Which of the following symptoms is commonly seen in patients with congestive heart failure?
A) Weight loss
B) Shortness of breath and fluid retention
C) Dry cough and wheezing
D) Increased appetite
Answer: B) Shortness of breath and fluid retention
What is the primary intervention for a patient experiencing a hypovolemic shock?
A) Administer intravenous fluids
B) Administer vasopressors
C) Apply heat therapy to improve circulation
D) Restrict fluid intake
Answer: A) Administer intravenous fluids
Which of the following lab results would indicate a potential complication in a patient receiving chemotherapy?
A) Elevated white blood cell count
B) Elevated blood glucose levels
C) Low platelet count
D) High sodium levels
Answer: C) Low platelet count
Which of the following is the most important consideration when administering insulin to a diabetic patient?
A) Ensure the patient has eaten before administering insulin
B) Administer insulin only at bedtime
C) Monitor for signs of dehydration
D) Avoid checking blood glucose levels
Answer: A) Ensure the patient has eaten before administering insulin
What is the main purpose of administering a diuretic to a patient with heart failure?
A) To increase potassium levels
B) To reduce fluid retention and decrease blood pressure
C) To improve lung function
D) To treat bacterial infections
Answer: B) To reduce fluid retention and decrease blood pressure
Which of the following is an expected finding in a patient with hypokalemia?
A) Weakness and muscle cramps
B) Increased appetite
C) Rapid breathing
D) Weight gain
Answer: A) Weakness and muscle cramps
Which of the following interventions should be prioritized when a patient is experiencing an acute asthma attack?
A) Administer a bronchodilator as prescribed
B) Encourage deep breathing exercises
C) Perform chest physiotherapy
D) Increase fluid intake
Answer: A) Administer a bronchodilator as prescribed
Which of the following should be closely monitored in a patient receiving heparin therapy?
A) Blood glucose levels
B) Serum potassium levels
C) Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
D) White blood cell count
Answer: C) Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
Which of the following is the best method for preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) in a hospitalized patient?
A) Encourage leg exercises and early ambulation
B) Apply warm compresses to the legs
C) Keep the patient in bed at all times
D) Increase fluid intake significantly
Answer: A) Encourage leg exercises and early ambulation
What is the priority intervention for a patient with a history of hypertension who is showing signs of stroke (facial drooping, slurred speech, and weakness)?
A) Administer aspirin immediately
B) Perform a neurological assessment
C) Place the patient in a supine position
D) Restrict all movement
Answer: B) Perform a neurological assessment
Which of the following is a common symptom of appendicitis?
A) Severe lower back pain
B) Fever and nausea with pain in the lower right abdomen
C) Chest pain radiating to the left arm
D) Painful urination and pelvic discomfort
Answer: B) Fever and nausea with pain in the lower right abdomen
Which of the following is the priority intervention when caring for a patient with a suspected pulmonary embolism?
A) Administer supplemental oxygen
B) Administer a sedative
C) Provide fluids to prevent dehydration
D) Restrict movement
Answer: A) Administer supplemental oxygen
Which of the following is an appropriate intervention for a patient with a history of chronic alcohol use who is experiencing withdrawal symptoms?
A) Administer benzodiazepines as prescribed
B) Encourage drinking fluids high in caffeine
C) Provide high-protein meals to increase energy
D) Restrict all fluid intake to prevent overload
Answer: A) Administer benzodiazepines as prescribed
What is the most common symptom of a patient with hyperglycemia?
A) Increased thirst and frequent urination
B) Nausea and vomiting
C) Cold, clammy skin
D) Decreased heart rate
Answer: A) Increased thirst and frequent urination
What is the best action when a patient with a nasogastric tube (NGT) is vomiting?
A) Irrigate the NGT with water immediately
B) Turn the patient on their side to prevent aspiration
C) Apply a cold compress to the patient’s face
D) Administer antiemetics through the NGT
Answer: B) Turn the patient on their side to prevent aspiration
Which of the following is a common side effect of warfarin therapy?
A) Hypertension
B) Excessive bleeding
C) Weight gain
D) Increased appetite
Answer: B) Excessive bleeding
Which of the following is a priority intervention for a patient with a severe burn injury?
A) Apply ice packs to the burn area
B) Assess the patient’s airway and breathing
C) Restrict fluid intake
D) Administer high doses of vitamin C
Answer: B) Assess the patient’s airway and breathing
Which of the following would be the most appropriate action for a nurse when caring for a patient with a tracheostomy?
A) Clean the stoma with alcohol
B) Apply a sterile dressing around the tracheostomy tube
C) Remove the tracheostomy tube when not needed
D) Limit suctioning to prevent airway irritation
Answer: B) Apply a sterile dressing around the tracheostomy tube
Which of the following is a priority action when a patient is experiencing an acute myocardial infarction (MI)?
A) Administer oxygen and morphine as ordered
B) Perform chest compressions immediately
C) Restrict all movement and activity
D) Apply a heating pad to the chest
Answer: A) Administer oxygen and morphine as ordered
Which of the following is the best intervention for a patient with a suspected stroke?
A) Administer thrombolytic therapy immediately
B) Elevate the head of the bed
C) Encourage the patient to walk to improve circulation
D) Give aspirin to reduce clot formation
Answer: B) Elevate the head of the bed
Which of the following is a sign of fluid overload in a patient with heart failure?
A) Weight loss
B) Increased blood pressure
C) Edema and shortness of breath
D) Decreased urine output
Answer: C) Edema and shortness of breath
Which of the following is the most appropriate action for a nurse caring for a patient with a temporary pacemaker?
A) Turn the pacemaker off when the patient is resting
B) Monitor the pacemaker’s settings and heart rate
C) Restrict the patient’s mobility
D) Place the patient in a prone position
Answer: B) Monitor the pacemaker’s settings and heart rate
Which of the following should the nurse monitor in a patient receiving diuretic therapy?
A) Blood glucose levels
B) Serum potassium levels
C) Electrolyte levels
D) Heart rate and rhythm
Answer: B) Serum potassium levels
Which of the following is an expected outcome for a patient who has had a stroke and is undergoing rehabilitation?
A) Immediate recovery of lost function
B) Improved mobility and speech over time
C) Complete return to pre-stroke function
D) No improvement in mobility or speech
Answer: B) Improved mobility and speech over time
What is the primary treatment for an allergic reaction to a bee sting?
A) Administer an antihistamine
B) Remove the stinger and apply ice
C) Administer epinephrine immediately
D) Apply a warm compress to the sting site
Answer: C) Administer epinephrine immediately
Which of the following would be a common complication for a patient with a long-term indwelling catheter?
A) Urinary tract infection
B) Decreased appetite
C) High blood pressure
D) Joint pain
Answer: A) Urinary tract infection
Which of the following is a typical symptom of hyperkalemia?
A) Muscle weakness and irregular heart rhythms
B) High blood pressure and headache
C) Increased urination and thirst
D) Abdominal cramping and diarrhea
Answer: A) Muscle weakness and irregular heart rhythms
What is the most important aspect of care when a patient is diagnosed with sepsis?
A) Administering broad-spectrum antibiotics immediately
B) Encouraging the patient to eat a high-calorie diet
C) Limiting fluid intake to avoid fluid overload
D) Restricting physical activity to prevent further stress
Answer: A) Administering broad-spectrum antibiotics immediately
Which of the following is the best method to assess a patient’s hydration status?
A) Monitor the patient’s blood pressure
B) Measure urine output and specific gravity
C) Measure the patient’s weight once a week
D) Monitor the patient’s temperature
Answer: B) Measure urine output and specific gravity
What is the primary concern for a patient with cirrhosis of the liver?
A) Impaired gas exchange
B) Risk of bleeding due to liver dysfunction
C) Increased appetite and weight gain
D) Risk of dehydration due to vomiting
Answer: B) Risk of bleeding due to liver dysfunction
Which of the following is a priority action for a nurse caring for a patient who has just undergone a radical mastectomy?
A) Elevate the affected arm to promote drainage
B) Encourage vigorous exercises for the affected arm
C) Restrict the patient’s fluid intake
D) Keep the patient in a supine position for 48 hours
Answer: A) Elevate the affected arm to promote drainage
Which of the following is an appropriate intervention for a patient with hypertension?
A) Encourage smoking cessation
B) Restrict fluid intake
C) Encourage a low-sodium diet
D) Increase physical activity only if the patient feels comfortable
Answer: C) Encourage a low-sodium diet
Which of the following is a sign of a drug overdose in a patient receiving morphine?
A) Increased alertness and agitation
B) Pinpoint pupils and respiratory depression
C) Decreased blood pressure and fever
D) Increased urinary output and nausea
Answer: B) Pinpoint pupils and respiratory depression
Which of the following is the first-line treatment for a patient diagnosed with an acute asthma attack?
A) Administer an inhaled bronchodilator
B) Administer a corticosteroid
C) Apply oxygen therapy
D) Restrict physical activity and monitor vitals
Answer: A) Administer an inhaled bronchodilator
Which of the following is a priority intervention when a patient is experiencing an opioid overdose?
A) Administer naloxone (Narcan)
B) Administer a sedative
C) Perform chest compressions immediately
D) Provide a warm environment for the patient
Answer: A) Administer naloxone (Narcan)
What is the most common complication in a patient with untreated hyperthyroidism?
A) Cardiac arrhythmias
B) Weight gain
C) Hypotension
D) Dehydration
Answer: A) Cardiac arrhythmias
Which of the following is an appropriate intervention for a patient experiencing acute pain after abdominal surgery?
A) Encourage the patient to walk around frequently
B) Administer prescribed pain medication as ordered
C) Restrict fluid intake to prevent nausea
D) Place the patient in a low Fowler’s position
Answer: B) Administer prescribed pain medication as ordered
What is the first action when a patient with a wound exhibits signs of infection (redness, warmth, drainage)?
A) Remove the dressing and cleanse the wound
B) Notify the physician immediately
C) Apply an antibiotic ointment
D) Restrict movement of the affected area
Answer: A) Remove the dressing and cleanse the wound
Which of the following is the most important factor in preventing surgical site infections (SSIs)?
A) Maintaining sterile technique during surgery
B) Administering high doses of antibiotics preoperatively
C) Encouraging early ambulation post-surgery
D) Applying a compression bandage to the surgical site
Answer: A) Maintaining sterile technique during surgery
Which of the following is an important action when caring for a patient with a colostomy?
A) Keep the colostomy site dry and free of infection
B) Restrict fluid intake to avoid diarrhea
C) Avoid contact with the stoma area during dressing changes
D) Place the patient in a prone position during changes
Answer: A) Keep the colostomy site dry and free of infection
Which of the following is the best way to assess for dehydration in an older adult?
A) Assessing skin turgor and urine output
B) Monitoring vital signs and weight gain
C) Checking for peripheral edema
D) Monitoring the patient’s appetite and temperature
Answer: A) Assessing skin turgor and urine output
Which of the following is an expected finding in a patient with hypothermia?
A) Increased heart rate
B) Shivering and confusion
C) Dehydration
D) Warm, dry skin
Answer: B) Shivering and confusion
Which of the following is the most important intervention for a patient with an acute myocardial infarction (MI)?
A) Provide pain relief and comfort
B) Perform a full neurological assessment
C) Administer a beta-blocker immediately
D) Monitor respiratory function closely
Answer: A) Provide pain relief and comfort
What is the most important intervention for a patient diagnosed with a DVT (Deep Vein Thrombosis)?
A) Apply compression stockings
B) Keep the affected leg elevated
C) Encourage the patient to walk frequently
D) Restrict all leg movement
Answer: B) Keep the affected leg elevated
Which of the following would be an expected finding for a patient with congestive heart failure (CHF)?
A) Decreased blood pressure and weakness
B) Shortness of breath and edema
C) Increased appetite and weight loss
D) High fever and chills
Answer: B) Shortness of breath and edema
Which of the following is a sign of hypoglycemia in a diabetic patient?
A) Increased thirst and urination
B) Nausea and vomiting
C) Cold, clammy skin and confusion
D) Slow, deep breathing
Answer: C) Cold, clammy skin and confusion
Which of the following is the priority intervention when a patient is experiencing a grand mal seizure?
A) Restrict the patient’s movement to prevent injury
B) Administer oral anti-seizure medication
C) Turn the patient onto their side and protect the head
D) Insert an oral airway to maintain the airway
Answer: C) Turn the patient onto their side and protect the head
What is the priority action for a nurse caring for a patient with a suspected stroke?
A) Administer a thrombolytic agent as prescribed
B) Perform a complete neurological assessment
C) Elevate the patient’s head to reduce intracranial pressure
D) Apply a cold compress to the neck
Answer: B) Perform a complete neurological assessment
Which of the following is the most important intervention for a patient with a potential anaphylactic reaction to a bee sting?
A) Administer an antihistamine
B) Apply ice to the sting site
C) Administer epinephrine immediately
D) Perform chest compressions
Answer: C) Administer epinephrine immediately
Which of the following should be the nurse’s first action if a patient is found unresponsive?
A) Check the patient’s pulse and respiratory rate
B) Open the patient’s airway and provide rescue breathing
C) Call for help and initiate CPR
D) Check the patient’s blood glucose levels
Answer: C) Call for help and initiate CPR
Which of the following is a common side effect of corticosteroid therapy?
A) Weight loss
B) Increased appetite and fluid retention
C) Dehydration
D) Hypoglycemia
Answer: B) Increased appetite and fluid retention
Which of the following should a nurse do first when caring for a patient with a sudden onset of chest pain?
A) Administer aspirin as ordered
B) Take the patient’s vital signs
C) Ask the patient to describe the pain
D) Apply oxygen to the patient
Answer: B) Take the patient’s vital signs
Which of the following is a key assessment when caring for a patient on digoxin therapy?
A) Blood glucose levels
B) Serum potassium levels
C) Heart rate and rhythm
D) Serum calcium levels
Answer: C) Heart rate and rhythm
What is the priority action for a nurse when a patient with diabetes shows signs of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?
A) Administer rapid-acting insulin
B) Encourage oral hydration
C) Assess the patient’s mental status
D) Administer intravenous fluids and insulin as ordered
Answer: D) Administer intravenous fluids and insulin as ordered
Which of the following interventions is most appropriate for a patient experiencing a hypoglycemic episode?
A) Administer an oral hypoglycemic agent
B) Provide a meal with protein and carbohydrates
C) Give the patient insulin to lower blood sugar
D) Administer intravenous glucose or oral glucose tablets
Answer: D) Administer intravenous glucose or oral glucose tablets
Which of the following is an early sign of hypovolemic shock?
A) Decreased heart rate
B) Increased blood pressure
C) Cool, clammy skin
D) Increased urinary output
Answer: C) Cool, clammy skin
Which of the following is an expected finding for a patient with cirrhosis of the liver?
A) Jaundice and ascites
B) Increased appetite and weight gain
C) Hypertension and tachycardia
D) Excessive sweating and anxiety
Answer: A) Jaundice and ascites
Which of the following is the priority assessment for a patient receiving chemotherapy?
A) Respiratory rate
B) Blood pressure
C) White blood cell count
D) Blood glucose levels
Answer: C) White blood cell count
What is the most important intervention for a patient with acute pancreatitis?
A) Administer narcotic pain medications
B) Withhold oral food and fluids
C) Encourage high-fat foods to prevent malnutrition
D) Administer corticosteroids to reduce inflammation
Answer: B) Withhold oral food and fluids
Which of the following is a common complication for a patient receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN)?
A) Hyperglycemia
B) Hypotension
C) Hyperkalemia
D) Dehydration
Answer: A) Hyperglycemia
Which of the following should a nurse do when a patient is receiving intravenous (IV) fluids and develops a local infection at the IV site?
A) Continue the IV infusion to avoid disruption
B) Apply an ice pack to reduce inflammation
C) Remove the IV catheter and notify the healthcare provider
D) Increase the rate of infusion to dilute the infection
Answer: C) Remove the IV catheter and notify the healthcare provider
What is the most important assessment when caring for a patient with chronic kidney disease?
A) Urine output and color
B) Serum potassium and creatinine levels
C) Blood glucose levels
D) Blood pressure and weight
Answer: B) Serum potassium and creatinine levels
Which of the following is a priority nursing action when caring for a patient with a tension pneumothorax?
A) Administer a sedative to calm the patient
B) Assist with chest tube insertion as ordered
C) Place the patient in a prone position
D) Restrict the patient’s fluid intake
Answer: B) Assist with chest tube insertion as ordered
Which of the following is the primary nursing intervention for a patient experiencing an allergic reaction to a medication?
A) Monitor the patient for signs of shock
B) Administer the next dose of the medication
C) Provide pain relief
D) Encourage the patient to drink fluids
Answer: A) Monitor the patient for signs of shock
Which of the following is an appropriate intervention when caring for a patient with hypokalemia?
A) Administer potassium supplements as ordered
B) Administer intravenous fluids with dextrose
C) Restrict sodium intake
D) Apply warm compresses to the affected area
Answer: A) Administer potassium supplements as ordered
Which of the following is a complication of untreated hyperthyroidism?
A) Hypoglycemia
B) Heart failure
C) Hypercalcemia
D) Hypotension
Answer: B) Heart failure
Which of the following is the priority action for a nurse caring for a patient with a severe burn injury?
A) Apply ice to the burn area
B) Remove the patient from the source of the burn
C) Keep the patient in a supine position
D) Offer fluids immediately
Answer: B) Remove the patient from the source of the burn
Which of the following is the first step in the nursing management of a patient with a spinal cord injury?
A) Immobilize the patient on a backboard
B) Encourage the patient to move their limbs
C) Apply heat to the neck and back
D) Assist with the removal of the catheter
Answer: A) Immobilize the patient on a backboard
Which of the following should be prioritized when caring for a patient with a history of stroke?
A) Encourage the patient to ambulate early
B) Perform a neurological assessment and monitor for changes
C) Restrict fluid intake to prevent overload
D) Offer a high-protein diet
Answer: B) Perform a neurological assessment and monitor for changes
Which of the following should a nurse do when a patient is diagnosed with acute renal failure?
A) Increase the patient’s fluid intake
B) Administer diuretics to increase urine output
C) Monitor electrolyte levels closely
D) Restrict potassium intake immediately
Answer: C) Monitor electrolyte levels closely
What is the first priority when a patient is suspected to have a stroke?
A) Administer thrombolytics
B) Assess the patient’s neurological status
C) Elevate the head of the bed
D) Administer oxygen therapy
Answer: B) Assess the patient’s neurological status
Which of the following is the most important nursing intervention for a patient with pneumonia?
A) Provide adequate fluid intake
B) Administer antibiotics as prescribed
C) Administer pain medication to manage discomfort
D) Encourage deep breathing exercises
Answer: B) Administer antibiotics as prescribed
Which of the following is a common symptom of a patient with hypovolemic shock?
A) Bradycardia
B) Decreased blood pressure
C) Hyperventilation
D) Elevated temperature
Answer: B) Decreased blood pressure
Which of the following is the most appropriate action for a nurse caring for a patient with a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line?
A) Flush the PICC line with saline before and after medication administration
B) Avoid any activity with the arm containing the PICC line
C) Keep the PICC line site open to air
D) Remove the PICC line at the end of each shift
Answer: A) Flush the PICC line with saline before and after medication administration
What is the most appropriate action when caring for a patient receiving a blood transfusion who develops chills and a fever?
A) Administer antipyretics and continue the transfusion
B) Stop the transfusion and notify the healthcare provider
C) Administer oxygen and encourage deep breathing
D) Continue monitoring the patient’s vitals without interruption
Answer: B) Stop the transfusion and notify the healthcare provider
Which of the following is an appropriate intervention when a patient has a wound with a large amount of drainage?
A) Keep the wound site dry and avoid changing the dressing
B) Clean the wound with hydrogen peroxide
C) Assess the wound frequently and change the dressing as needed
D) Apply a heat compress to the wound to encourage drainage
Answer: C) Assess the wound frequently and change the dressing as needed
Which of the following is the priority nursing action for a patient with a chest tube?
A) Encourage deep breathing and coughing
B) Change the dressing at least once a day
C) Clamp the chest tube periodically to assess for air leaks
D) Keep the chest tube disconnected from the drainage system
Answer: A) Encourage deep breathing and coughing
Which of the following signs is an indication of dehydration in an elderly patient?
A) Increased blood pressure
B) Increased urine output
C) Dry mucous membranes
D) Weight gain
Answer: C) Dry mucous membranes
Which of the following should a nurse monitor closely when caring for a patient who is receiving a loop diuretic such as furosemide?
A) Serum sodium levels
B) Blood glucose levels
C) Serum potassium levels
D) Serum calcium levels
Answer: C) Serum potassium levels
Which of the following is a common complication of uncontrolled hypertension?
A) Diabetes
B) Stroke
C) Osteoporosis
D) Hyperthyroidism
Answer: B) Stroke
Which of the following is the most appropriate intervention for a patient with fluid retention due to heart failure?
A) Administer diuretics as prescribed
B) Limit fluid intake completely
C) Encourage high-sodium foods
D) Perform range-of-motion exercises
Answer: A) Administer diuretics as prescribed
Which of the following is a priority intervention when a patient is having an asthma attack?
A) Administer a bronchodilator
B) Place the patient in a supine position
C) Restrict the patient’s activity
D) Offer the patient high-flow oxygen
Answer: A) Administer a bronchodilator
What is the most common complication in a patient with untreated diabetes mellitus?
A) Renal failure
B) Hyperkalemia
C) Severe hypotension
D) Hyperthermia
Answer: A) Renal failure
Which of the following is an important nursing intervention for a patient recovering from a stroke?
A) Encourage early ambulation to prevent blood clots
B) Limit fluids to prevent cerebral edema
C) Provide a low-sodium diet to improve heart function
D) Promote exercises that involve the affected arm to improve motor function
Answer: D) Promote exercises that involve the affected arm to improve motor function
What is the primary assessment for a patient with suspected sepsis?
A) Oxygen saturation levels
B) Respiratory rate
C) Blood pressure and heart rate
D) Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels
Answer: C) Blood pressure and heart rate
Which of the following should be the nurse’s first action when caring for a patient who has ingested a toxic substance?
A) Induce vomiting immediately
B) Call Poison Control and provide details of the substance ingested
C) Administer activated charcoal
D) Wait for the physician to assess the patient
Answer: B) Call Poison Control and provide details of the substance ingested
Which of the following interventions is most important for a patient with a post-operative wound infection?
A) Administer the prescribed antibiotics
B) Encourage increased physical activity
C) Restrict fluid intake
D) Apply heat to the incision site
Answer: A) Administer the prescribed antibiotics
What is the primary nursing goal for a patient diagnosed with depression?
A) Promote social interaction and engagement
B) Encourage the patient to increase physical activity
C) Help the patient set realistic and achievable goals
D) Provide pharmacological therapy only
Answer: C) Help the patient set realistic and achievable goals
What is the priority nursing action when caring for a patient with a head injury and a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 8?
A) Administer pain medication as prescribed
B) Prepare for immediate intubation and ventilation
C) Monitor vital signs every 8 hours
D) Offer fluids and encourage the patient to drink
Answer: B) Prepare for immediate intubation and ventilation
What is the most important action for a nurse to take when caring for a patient with an open fracture?
A) Apply a sterile dressing to the wound
B) Move the patient to a higher bed
C) Restrict movement of the affected limb
D) Provide a sedative for pain relief
Answer: A) Apply a sterile dressing to the wound
Which of the following is a priority when caring for a patient who has just had a lumbar puncture?
A) Keep the patient in a prone position for several hours
B) Monitor the patient for signs of increased intracranial pressure
C) Encourage deep breathing exercises
D) Ensure that the patient maintains a low sodium diet
Answer: B) Monitor the patient for signs of increased intracranial pressure
Which of the following is an appropriate nursing intervention for a patient with a deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
A) Apply warm compresses to the affected limb
B) Encourage early ambulation to improve circulation
C) Elevate the affected leg to reduce swelling
D) Restrict fluid intake to reduce swelling
Answer: C) Elevate the affected leg to reduce swelling
What is the most appropriate action for a nurse when a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) becomes acutely short of breath?
A) Administer a bronchodilator as prescribed
B) Place the patient in a supine position
C) Administer oxygen at a high flow rate
D) Encourage deep breathing and coughing exercises
Answer: A) Administer a bronchodilator as prescribed
Which of the following is the priority action when a patient with a suspected stroke is admitted to the hospital?
A) Initiate a CT scan to rule out hemorrhage
B) Start the patient on anticoagulant therapy immediately
C) Elevate the patient’s head to reduce intracranial pressure
D) Administer oxygen and monitor pulse oximetry
Answer: A) Initiate a CT scan to rule out hemorrhage
Which of the following is a priority intervention for a patient with acute kidney failure?
A) Administer intravenous fluids to promote renal perfusion
B) Encourage the patient to consume a high-protein diet
C) Initiate peritoneal dialysis immediately
D) Restrict all fluids to prevent fluid overload
Answer: A) Administer intravenous fluids to promote renal perfusion
Which of the following is an appropriate action for a nurse caring for a patient with an indwelling urinary catheter?
A) Clamp the catheter every 2 hours to maintain bladder control
B) Secure the catheter tubing to the patient’s leg to prevent tension
C) Avoid routine catheter care to minimize irritation
D) Apply antibiotic ointment to the catheter insertion site
Answer: B) Secure the catheter tubing to the patient’s leg to prevent tension
What is the most important action for a nurse when caring for a patient experiencing a grand mal seizure?
A) Place a tongue depressor in the patient’s mouth
B) Keep the patient in a side-lying position to prevent aspiration
C) Hold the patient’s arms and legs to prevent injury
D) Administer anti-seizure medications before or during the seizure
Answer: B) Keep the patient in a side-lying position to prevent aspiration
Which of the following is the best intervention for a patient with a pulmonary embolism (PE)?
A) Administer low-dose aspirin as ordered
B) Provide oxygen therapy to maintain oxygen saturation
C) Encourage the patient to ambulate to reduce clot formation
D) Initiate high-dose corticosteroid therapy immediately
Answer: B) Provide oxygen therapy to maintain oxygen saturation
Which of the following would be the first nursing action when a patient with a spinal cord injury develops hypotension?
A) Administer IV fluids to increase blood volume
B) Raise the head of the bed to prevent further injury
C) Apply a cold compress to the patient’s neck
D) Encourage the patient to sit up to improve circulation
Answer: A) Administer IV fluids to increase blood volume
Which of the following is an expected sign of hypocalcemia?
A) Bone pain
B) Increased muscle tone and spasms
C) Hyperactivity and agitation
D) Increased blood pressure
Answer: B) Increased muscle tone and spasms
What is the most common side effect of long-term steroid use?
A) Weight loss
B) Muscle weakness
C) Cushing’s syndrome
D) Dehydration
Answer: C) Cushing’s syndrome
Which of the following is a common complication of long-term antibiotic therapy?
A) Renal failure
B) Hyperkalemia
C) C. difficile infection
D) Hypoglycemia
Answer: C) C. difficile infection